ESTROGEN
HORMONE
Group 5
By:
Ahmed Saeed Hassan 2015/06088
Hossam Eldin Mohamed Saleh 2015/06989
Omneya Waleed Ahmed 20150/06823
Walaa Mosaad 2015/10299
INTRODUCTION
What are
Estrogens?
-Estrogens are steroid compounds that are
produced from the ovaries or adrenal glands
in the form of estrone or estradiol that
stimulate the development and maintainance
of female characteristics and sexual
reproduction
ACTIONS
On sex organs:
-Estrogens helps in the growth of uterus,
fallopian tubes and vagina at the age of puberty
-Enhances the rhythmic contraction of the
fallopian tubes and uterus
-Estrogen suppress the activity of FSH, and
stimulate the secretion of LH by direct action
on pituitary gland
Therapeutic
Uses
Contraception
Hormone replacement therapy
Osteoporosis
Senile vaginitis
CLASSIFICATION
Natural:
-Estradiol -Estriol
-Estrone
Synthetic:
-Steroidal : mestranol, ethinylestradiol
-Non-steroidal : diethylstilbesterol , hexesterol , dienestrol
NATURAL
ESTROGENS
1. Estradiol: known also 17 Beta - Estradiol
-Princple estrogen in premenopausal women
2. Estrone: 1/3 the estrogenic potency of Estradiol
-Primary circulating estrogen after menopause
3.Estriol: significantly less potent than estradiol
-Present in significant amounts during pregnancy,
because its principle estrogen produced by placenta.
Synthetic Estrogen
Prolame 17 beta amino estrogen (synthetic) that
have amine substitution in place of the hydroxyl
group at C-17
It has anticoagulant activity so patients with risk of
venous thrombus embolism take it
Moxestrol (surestryl) treat menopausal symptoms
and menstrual disorders
Taken orally metabolized by liver with short half
life
Synthesis
Synthesis
Receptors
-Alpha receptor that are found in breasts ,
hypothalamus , endothelial cells and
vascular smooth muscles
-beta receptors that are found in brain
ovaries and bones
PHARMACOPHORE
Estra-1,3,5-triene-3,17B-diol
SAR
Aromatic ring with C-3 oh is essential for activity
The distance between 17 beta hydroxyl and C-3 oh is
essential for activity and it must be hydrophobic rigid
backbone
Unsaturation of ring B decrease the activity
Alkylation of the aromatic ring decrease the activity
Steroidal structure is not essential for activity
Insertion of OH group in positions (6, 7, 11) reduce the
estrogenic activity
Ester derivatives (acetates or benzoates) have prolonged
action
PHARMACOKINETICS
ABSORPTION:
-Synthetic estrogen well absorbed orally and transdermaly
-Natural estrogen is inactivated due to first pass effect when administered orally
DISTRIBUTION:
-Natural estrogens are highly binding to plasma proteins
-Estrogen drugs can pass through the palcenta to the fetus
-It Can pass to testis to make some adverse effects if administered by males ( inhibit
spermatogenesis )
PHARMACOKINETICS
METABOLISM:
- Estrogen Converted to esterone and vice versa in
liver
-Estrone (weak estrogen) converted to estriol by 17Bhydroxy dehydrogenation
-phase 1 : conjugation by glucuronoic acid
-Phase 2 : sulphonation
PHARMACOKINETICS
EXCRETION:
-Mainly in urine
-May be in bile
Adverse
Effects
Most common estrogen therapy:
-Nausea and breast tenderness
-Post-menopausal uterine bleeding may occur
Increase the risk of:
-Myocardial infarction
-Breast cancer and endometrial cancer
Other effects
-Headache and peripheral edema and hypertension
Thank you
for your
time!