BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY SPECIES RICHNESS AND SPECIES EVENNESS GENETIC DIVERSITY HABITAT DIVERSITY LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY PATTERN IN SPECIES BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY The term BIODIVERSITY (from “biological diversity”) refers to the variety Of life on earth at all its levels, from genes to habitat, and Can encompass the evolutionary, ecological, and cultural processes that Sustain life. Biodiversity includes not only species we consider rare, threatened, or endangered but also every living thing , from humans to organism. BIOLOCICAL DIVERSITY SPECIES RICHNESS AND SPECIES EVENNESS GENETIC DIVERSITY HABITAT DIVERSITY LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY PATTERN IN SPECIES SPECIES RICHNESS AND SPECIES EVENNESS Species richness in the number of different species represented in an Ecological community, landscape or region. Species richness is simply a Count of species, and it does not take into account the abundance of The species or their relative abundance distributions. Species evenness is a description of the distribution of abundance Across the species in a community. Species evenness is highest when all species in a sample have the abundance SPECIES RICHNESS AND SPECIES EVENNESS Having observe a higher number of species in an area does not mean It is more diverse. It rather means that it is more “species rich.” if one Compares two habitat based on only the number of species, the such A comparison would not provide any conclusive evidence on their difference in diversity. To know if the habitat is diverse, one needs Data on the relative abundance of each species. BIOLOCICAL DIVERSITY SPECIES RICHNESS AND SPECIES EVENNESS GENETIC DIVERSITY HABITAT DIVERSITY LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY PATTERN IN SPECIES GENETIC DIVERSITY Genetic Diversity refers to the range of different inherited traits within a species. In a species with high genetic diversity, there would be many individuals with a wide variety of different traits. Genetic diversity is critical for a population to adapt to changing environments GENETIC DIVERSITY Genetic Diversity examples •Different breed on a certain animals for the desired trait. •Different varieties of crops, flowers, and plants. GENETIC DIVERSITY Importance of Genetic Diversity •It helps in evolution of species •It is important in agricultural activity Conservation of Genetic Diversity •Gene bank •Store seeds BIOLOCICAL DIVERSITY SPECIES RICHNESS AND SPECIES EVENNESS GENETIC DIVERSITY HABITAT DIVERSITY LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY PATTERN IN SPECIES HABITAT DIVERSITY ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY is the variety of ecosystem that are present in the biosphere or the life sphere of earth. An ecosystem is made up of interacting biotic and abiotic factors. Ecosystem diversity focuses on both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Also, it includes the variation of a biological community such as the number of levels of ecosystem diversity and different niches or habitat diversity, and other ecological processes. HABITAT DIVERSITY The range of different habitats in an ecosystem, community or biome associated with the variety of niches that may be Exploited by different species. Conservation of habitat diversity usually leads to the conservation of species and genetic diversity. HABITAT DIVERSITY Physical and biological characteristics of a HABITAT. the physical factors include the nature of the soil availability of land, sunlight, temperature, and climate conditions. the biological factors include the availability of food and the presence and absence of predators. MAJOR TYPES OF HABITAT • • • • • • Forest Grasslands Deserts Mountains Polar regions Aquatic Habitats BIOLOCICAL DIVERSITY SPECIES RICHNESS AND SPECIES EVENNESS GENETIC DIVERSITY HABITAT DIVERSITY LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY PATTERN IN SPECIES LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY refers to particular position on the Spatial scale dimension or larger and consistent of a diversity Or interacting abiotic and biotic system each characterized by a Specific geodiversity and biodiversity. LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC FACTORS LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY Importance of biotic and abiotic system in landscape diversity -The significance of abiotic and biotic factor comes in their interaction with other for a community or an ecosystem to survive the correct interaction need to be in place a simple example would of abiotic interaction in plants. LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY Human activities that causes negative effect in landscape diversity? BIOLOCICAL DIVERSITY SPECIES RICHNESS AND SPECIES EVENNESS GENETIC DIVERSITY HABITAT DIVERSITY LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY PATTERN IN SPECIES PATTERN IN SPECIES Species diversity is determined not only by the number of species within a biological community—i.e., species richness—but also by the relative abundance of individuals in that community. Species diversity contributes to ecosystem health. Each species is like a thread holding together an ecosystem. If a species disappears, an entire ecosystem can start to unravel. Species diversity is Crucial for ecosystem health Examples of Species Abundance Bees as Polinators BIOLOCICAL DIVERSITY SPECIES RICHNESS AND SPECIES EVENNESS GENETIC DIVERSITY HABITAT DIVERSITY LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY PATTERN IN SPECIES
