Overview, Discussion and Random Thoughts of Business Growth Strategies Our CHARIS Core Values Continuously Innovating Hope-giving - Cultivating sustainable and lasting change in our community Authentic - Only Passionate, Mission-minded people Respectful - Rooted in Grace & Kindness Integrous - We always do the right thing Spirited - We love to have Fun Don’t Teach – Provide a Tool ● "If you want to teach people a new way of thinking, don't bother trying to teach them. Instead, give them a tool, the use of which will lead to new ways of thinking.” - Buckminster Fuller on change management philosophy Some Recommended Tools ● Scaling Up: How a Few Companies Make It...and Why the Rest Don't ● Traction: An entrepreneurial operating system (EOS) for business. Similar to Scaling Up but much less complex and easier to implement. Recommended Tools (cont’d) ● Good to Great: Why some companies make the leap and others don’t ● Blue Ocean Strategy: How to create uncontested market space and make competition irrelevant Recommended Tools (cont’d) ● Influencer: The power to change anything ● The E Myth: The idea of working on your business and not in it Recommended Tools (cont’d) ● The 80/20 Principle: The secret to achieving more with less ● How to Win Friends and Influence People: The classic book on human relations principles Recommended Tools (cont’d) ● 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Introduces the concept of paradigm shift and prepares the reader for a change in mindset. ● The One Minute Manager Meets the Monkey: How to stop your subordinates from imposing unnecessary time demands on you. Recommended Tools (cont’d) ● The Ultimate Sales Machine: Turbocharge a business with relentless focus and 12 Key strategies ● The Book of Proverbs: God’s wisdom. What more can I say? Recommended Tools (cont’d) ● Topgrading: The #1 methodology for hiring and promoting people. ● Crucial Conversations: Techniques for communicating effectively in difficult and important situations to achieve positive results. John D. Rockefeller John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937), founder of the Standard Oil Company, became one of the world's wealthiest men and a major philanthropist. Rockefeller’s 3 Core Habits ● Priorities Rockefeller’s 3 Core Habits ● Data Rockefeller’s 3 Core Habits ● Rhythm Priorities Does the organization have... ● Objective Top 5 priorities ● For the year? ● For the Quarter? ● For the Month (if high growth) ● Have Top 1 priority along with a theme? ● Does everyone have their own handful of priorities that align with the company’s priorities? Data ● Does the organization have sufficient data on a daily and weekly basis to provide insight into ● How the organization is running? ● What the market is demanding? ● Does everyone have at least one daily or weekly metric driving his performance? Rhythm ● Does the organization have an effective rhythm of meetings: ● ● ● ● ● Daily Weekly Monthly Quarterly Annual ● These meetings maintain alignment and drive accountability ● Are they well run and useful? “x” factor The one underlying strategy which must be discovered, defined, and acted upon to create significant value and significant business valuations. “x” factor key Identify the chokepoint in your business model and industry and then gain control of that chokepoint Rockefeller’s “x” factor ● Gaining advantage in transportation costs. ● Even minor decisions aligned with his focus. ● Example: Oak Barrels The 2 Most Important Decisions a Business Leader Makes ● Defining a simple long-term vision 10-25 years out; The 2 Most Important Decisions a Business Leader Makes ● Deciding on a handful of priorities for the next quarter; Strategy MUST pass 2 Tests ● Does what we are planning to do really matter to our existing and potential customers? Strategy MUST pass 2 Tests ● Does it differentiate us from our competition? Strategy Also Asks: ● Do we have the ability to become the best at implementing this strategy (core competencies)? Strategy Also Asks: ● Do we have a clear idea whether we really have a strategy that will work or not? The 3 Barriers to Growth ● ONE: The need for the executive team to grow as leaders in their abilities to ● Delegate & Predict The 3 Barriers to Growth ● TWO: The need for systems and structures to handle the complexity that comes with growth. SYSTEMS STRUCTURES Note: As Business Expands Complexity Grows Almost Exponentially The 3 Barriers to Growth ● THREE: The need to navigate the increasingly tricky market dynamics that mark arrival in a larger marketplace. Mastering the Right People Doing the Right Things - Right Three Basic Decisions an Executive Team Must Make ● Do we have the Right People? Three Basic Decisions an Executive Team Must Make ● Are we doing the Right Things? Three Basic Decisions an Executive Team Must Make ● Are we doing those Things Right? The Right People ● One GREAT person can replace three good people The Right People Philosophy ● Fewer people, paid more and given lots of training The Right People ● Do I have the right people? ● G2G: Get the wrong people off the bus, the right people on the bus and the right people in the right positions. The Right People Questions ● Do I have the right people? ● “Would I enthusiastically rehire each person on my team?” The Right People Questions ● Do they have the potential to be the best in their position three to five years from now? The Right People Questions ● Note: Sometimes we have the right person in the wrong position. The Right People - Hiring ● Hiring is a numbers game…so interview lots of people ● Start with a pool of 50 high-quality people. ● Remember that “A” people surround themselves with “A” people. ● Only go to “A” network of friends for referrals. ● Make sure you are truly selling the company AND its vision. The Right People - Hiring ● Interviewing ● Use a behavior-based, structured interview. ● Bradford Smart is the expert here. (Topgrading) ● Testing is more accurate and objective than interviewing. ● Always use this to supplement interview process. ● Managers & Executives: Bartell & Bartell are the best. ● 814-8610-6606 ● Costs $600 ● All others: Bigby Havis & Assoc. ● 9720-233-6055 The Right People - Hiring ● Most Important: ● You are trying to discern in the selection process is the candidates’ fit with our culture. ● Think Core Values ● Test for emotional maturity ● Use a variation: ● Outline on a piece of paper three or four business challenges we are expecting the candidate to face. ● They have 30 minutes to an hour to work through how they would handle each. ● Spend 30 minutes working through their solutions. Right Things Right Model Illustrates fundamental Decisions, Relationships and Functions of a business Right Things ● Key Question: ● Do we have a viable economic model? ● Do we have a product or service that enough customers value to make a viable business? ● Have we determined the X factor that we can control that ● Differentiates us from the competition? ● Matters to customers? ● Provides us an advantage in the marketplace? Right Things ● You lead people and manage their activities—you don't manage people. ● A leader’s success is defined as having satisfied all three stakeholders. ● Customers (including suppliers) ● Employees (including sub-contractors) ● Shareholders Things Right ● Key Question: ● Do we have the management practices and processes to take advantage of the market opportunities we’re pursuing? Things Right ● Do you have the habits and disciplines in place to maintain your competitive advantage? Things Right ● Is your organization structured properly to maximize the productivity of the employees? Things Right ● Can you deliver a consistent service or product offering? Things Right ● Three fundamental activities at the heart of all businesses ● Making or Buying something ● Managed by COO ● Selling something ● Managed by VP Sales & Marketing ● Keeping Good Records ● Managed by CFO ● These three leaders serve under the CEO as their leader Note Balance between left and right… ● Driving revenue VS making sure business profitable ● Having enough people VS enough activities for them ● Protecting firm’s reputation VS Increasing productivity Using Model with Habit #1 - Priorities ● Use six circles as potential priorities – choose one on each side that needs MOST attention ● Remember on Left to specify “get, keep, or grow” ● Remember on Right to specify, “better, faster, cheaper” Accountability Key ● Be VERY clear about who is accountable for each circle in the model ● Who is accountable for customers? ● Who is accountable for making sure the sales engine is functioning properly? ● Go through each of the six circles and their drivers (get, keep, grow and better, faster, cheaper) ● Make sure the accountabilities are clear for each. Using Model with Habit #2 - Data ● You need metrics about all six areas of business ● Left Weakness: Having same kind of accurate and timely feedback from customers ● Right Weakness: Having accurate sales funnel data, sales side tends to resist measurement Using Model with Habit #3 - Rhythm ● Use six circles to figure out whom you need to have various weekly meetings. ● Left: Executive team must have rhythm in terms of meeting with customers & employees. ● Right: Crucial for operations, sales & accounting each has its own daily & weekly rhythms. Using Model with Organizational Structure ● Six circles provide guidance for the changing organizational structure necessary to handle growth Summary: Right People Doing the Right Things Model ● Encompasses the fundamental decisions leaders must make to successfully drive any business. One Page Strategic Plan ● To become and remain competitive, we need three things: ● A framework that identifies and supports our corporate strategy ● A common language in which to express that strategy ● A well-developed habit of using this framework and language to continually evaluate our strategic progress Planning Pyramid "I keep six honest serving men, they taught me all I knew: their names are What and Why and When and How and Where and Who.” - Rudyard Kipling Planning Pyramid ● Graphically depicts how the various vision pieces align, establishing a common strategic language that is easy to use and eliminates confusion. Core Values Like the US Constitution or ten commandments, core values are 5 or 6 statements which answer the question "SHOULD we or SHOULDN'T we." They are discovered over time and last And they tend to be different for each business, defining what is often called the corporate culture. At 3M, one of their core values is innovation. If they can't be innovative in a business area, they'll not do it or get rid of it. Jim Collins' "Mars" exercise helps discover core values. Core Purpose This is a philosophical statement about WHY you're in business and is determined by your leader's particular reason for having passion for the business. Patagonia's (outdoor clothing) founder once exclaimed "Let my people surf" and that became their purpose statement. It says a lot about the founder's philosophy and style. The core purpose puts "heart" into the business. BHAG In addition, the business should be pursuing a Big Hairy Audacious Goal (BHAG). It should be a quantifiable pursuit with a 10 to 25 year horizon that is audacious but not braggadocios and reinforces fundamentals. Microsoft's pursuit of being on every desktop is an example. Targets The target level answers the question "WHERE you want the firm to be in 3 to 5 years." Besides deciding certain quantifiable targets, a firm should define the Sandbox in which the company chooses to play, so that it can be #1 or #2. The Sandbox definition includes the firm's expected geographical reach, product/service offering, and expected market share. Xerox changed their tag-line to "The Document Company" to signify a change in Sandbox focus from being a copier equipment seller to document management. Brand Promise A clearly articulated key need you're going to satisfy for your customers. Alternatively called a value-added proposition or differentiator. Finally, define five or six Key Thrusts/Capabilities necessary for you to dominate your defined Sandbox, fulfill your Brand Promise, and meet your quantifiable Targets. Goals These say WHAT the firm has to do this year in order to be what was defined on the Target level. Like New Year's resolutions, they are defined annually. The key is defining five or six key initiatives for the year. Answer the question "If we get these five or six things accomplished, we'll meet our annual goals." In addition, choose one or two critical numbers - ideally one off the income statement and one off the balance sheet - on which the firm will focus. These critical numbers define the biggest opportunity for providing positive impact on the firm. Action Plans These describe HOW, on a quarterly basis, you're going to accomplish your annual Goals. Think of these as 13 week MISSIONS (this is how we define mission). Besides setting specific quantifiables for the quarter and one or two critical numbers, you need to define five or six key "rocks" that have to be completed in order to accomplish the goals. In addition, a quarterly or annual theme should be established, complete with a key measurable goal, theme title, company-wide scoreboard, and defined celebration/reward. Schedule This sets deadlines WHEN we're going to complete certain actions . Nothing will ever get accomplished until it makes someone's weekly to do list. The idea is to take the 13 week actions and put together a weekto-week plan on how they'll get accomplished, so that everyone knows what they need to do. We encourage firms to move their thinking from a monthly rhythm (A/R deadlines, billing cycles, sales targets) to a weekly or daily rhythm. Accountability This names WHO is going to be sure a particular activity is going to be accomplished. These last four levels essentially define WHO has to do WHAT WHEN and HOW in order to get things accomplished in the organization. And it's important to understand the difference between accountability and responsibility. Many might be responsible for getting something done (creating a new product), but only one person can have accountability. If the buck doesn't stop somewhere with a single person for every activity, then it's likely not to be completed or completed well. "Who owns the outcome?" Right People Right Things Right Framework By: W. Chan Kim & Renee Mauborgne Summary by: Jesse Starmer COM 459 Value Innovation Value innovation is created in the region where a company’s actions favorably affect both its cost structure and its value proposition to buyers. Cost savings are made by eliminating and reducing the factors an industry competes on. Buyer value is lifted by raising and creating elements the industry has never offered. Over time, costs are reduced further as scale economies kick in due to the high sales volumes that superior value generates. Costs Value Innovation Buyer Value Red Ocean Versus Blue Ocean Startegy In the red ocean, differentiation costs because firms compete with the same best-practice principle. Here, the strategic choices for firms are to pursue either differentiation or low cost. In the reconstructionist world, however, the strategic aim is to create new best-practice rules by breaking the existing value-cost trade-off and thereby creating blue ocean. Red Ocean Strategy Blue Ocean Strategy Compete in existing market space. Create uncontested market space. Beat the competition. Make the competition irrelevant. Exploit existing demand. Create and capture new demand. Make the value-cost trade-off. Break the value-cost trade-off. Align the whole system of a firm’s activities with its strategic choice of differentiation or low cost. Align the whole system of a firm’s activities in pursuit of differentiation and low cost. The Six Principles of Blue Ocean Strategy This figure highlights the six principles driving the successful formulation and execution of blue ocean strategy and the risks that these principles attenuate. Formulation Principles Risk factor each principle attenuates Reconstruct market boundaries Focus on the big picture, not the numbers Reach beyond existing demand Get the strategic sequence right •Search risk •Planning risk •Scale risk •Business model risk Evaluation principles Risk factor each principle attenuates Overcome key organizational hurdles Build execution into strategy •Organizational risk •Management risk Strategy Canvas The strategy canvas is both a diagnostic and an action framework for building a compelling blue ocean strategy. It captures the current state of play in the known market space. This allows you to understand where the competition is currently investing, the factors the industry currently competes on in products, service, and delivery, and what customers receive from the existing competitive offerings on the market. The horizontal axis captures the range of factors the industry competes on an invests in. The vertical axis captures the offering level that buyers receive across all these key competing factors. The value curve then provides a graphic depiction of a company’s relative performance across its industry’s factors of competition. High Lo w Price Wine range Vineyard prestige Use of Above-the-line enological marketing Aging and legacy Wine quality complexity terminology Four Actions Framework + Eliminate/Reduce/Raise/Create Grid Reduce The four actions framework offers an technique that breaks the trade-off between differentiation and low cost and to create a new value curve. It answers the four key questions of what industry takes for granted and needs to be eliminated; what factors need to be reduced below industry standards; what factors need to be raised above industry standards; and what should be created that the industry has never offered. Eliminate Enological terminology and distinctions Raise Price versus budget wines Retail Store involvement Aging qualities Above-the-line marketing Reduce Wine complexity Create Easy drinking Wine range Ease of selection Vineyard prestige Fun and adventure Which factors should be reduced well below industry standards? Eliminate Which of the factors that the industry takes for granted should be eliminated? A New Value Curve Create Which factors should be created that the industry has never offered? Raise Which factors should be raised well above the industry’s standard? The eliminate-reduce-raise-create grid pushes companies not only to ask all four questions in the four actions framework but also to act on all four to create a new value curve. By driving companies to fill in the grid with the actions of eliminating, reducing, raising, and creating, the grid provides four immediate benefits: it pushes them to simultaneously pursue differentiation and low costs; identifies companies who are only raising and creating thereby raising costs; makes it easier for managers to understand and comply; and it drives companies to scrutinize every factor the industry competes on. Four Steps of Visualizing Strategy The four steps of visualizing strategy builds on the six paths of creating blue oceans and involves a lot of visual stimulation in order to unlock people’s creativity. The four steps include visual awakening, visual exploration, visual strategy fair, and visual communication. 1. Visual Awakening •Compare your business with your competitors’ by drawing your “as is” strategy canvas. •See where your strategy needs to change 2. Visual Exploration 3. Visual Strategy Fair •Go into the field to explore the six paths to creating blue oceans. •Draw your “to be” strategy canvas based on insights from field observations. •Observe the distinctive advantages of alternative products and services. •Get feedback on alternative strategy canvases from customers, competitors’ customers, and noncustomers. •See which factors you should eliminate, create, or change. •Use feedback to build the best “to be” future strategy. 4. Visual Communicatio n •Distribute your beforeand-after strategic profiles on one page for easy comparison. •Support only those projects and operational moves that allow your company to close the gaps to actualize the new strategy. Pioneer, Settler, Migrator Map Pioneers Migrators Settlers Today Tomorro w A corporate management team pursuing profitable growth can plot the company’s current and planned portfolios on a pioneer-migrator-settler (PMS) map. This strategy can help a company determine which businesses experience the highest and lowest growth and cash flow. These are classified accordingly with the highest growth potential being pioneers, then to migrators, then to the lowest rung, settlers. Three Tiers of Noncustomers There are three tiers of noncustomers that can be transformed into customers. They differ in their relative distance from your market. The first tier of customers minimally buy an industry’s offering out of necessity. The second tier of noncustomers refuse to use your industries offerings. The third tier are noncustomers who have never thought of your market’s offerings as an option. First Tier Your Market Second Tier Third Tier Sequence of Blue Ocean Strategy Buyer utility An important part of blue ocean strategy is to “get the strategic sequence right.” This sequence fleshes out and validates blue ocean ideas to ensure their commercial viability. This can then reduce business model risk. In this model, potential blue ocean ideas must pass through a sequence of buyer utility, price, cost, and adoption. At each step there are only two options: a “yes” answer, in which case the idea may pass to the next step, or “no”. If an idea receives a no at any point, the company can either park the idea or rethink it until you get a yes. Is there exceptional buyer utility in your business idea? No-- Rethink Yes Price Is your price easily accessible to the mass of buyers? No-- Rethink Yes Cost Can you attain your cost target to profit at your strategic price? No-- Rethink Yes Adoption What are the adoption hurdles in actualizing your business idea? Are you addressing them up front? Yes A Commercially Viable Blue Ocean Idea No-- Rethink Buyer Utility Map The buyer utility map helps managers look at this issue from the right perspective. It outlines all the levers companies can pull to deliver exceptional utility to buyers as well as the various experiences buyers can have with a product or service. The Six Stages of the Buyer Experience Cycle The Six Utility Levers Customer Productivity Simplicity Convenience Risk Fun and Image Environmental friendliness 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Purchase Delivery Use Supplements Maintenance Disposal Buyer Experience Cycle A buyer’s experience can usually be broken into a cycle of six stages, running more or less sequentially from purchase to disposal. Each stage encompasses a wide variety of specific experiences. At each stage, managers can ask a set of questions to gauge the quality of buyer’s experience. Purchase Delivery How long does it take to find the product you need? How long does it take to get the product delivered? Is the place of purchase attractive and accessible? How difficult is it to unpack and install the new product? How secure is the transaction environment? Do buyers have to arrange delivery themselves? If yes, how costly and difficult is this? How rapidly can you make a purchase? Use Does the product require training or expert assistance? Is the product easy to store when not in use? How effective are the product’s features and functions? Does the product or service deliver far more power or options than required by the average user? Is in overcharged with bells and whistles? Supplements Do you need other products and services to make this product work? If so, how costly are they? How much time do they take? How easy are they to obtain? Maintenance Disposal Does the product require external maintenance? Does use of the product create waste items? How easy is it to maintain and upgrade the product? How easy is it to dispose of the product? How costly is maintenance? Are there legal or environmental issues in disposing of the product safely? How costly is disposal? Uncovering Blocks to Buyer Utility Uncovering blocks to buyer utility can identify the most compelling hot spots to unlock exceptional utility. By locating your proposed offering on the thirty-six space of the buyer utility map, you can clearly see how, and whether the new idea not only creates a different utility proposition from existing offerings but also removes the biggest blocks to utility that stand in the way of converting noncustomers into customers. Purchase Delivery Use Supplements Maintenance Disposal Customer Productivity: In which stage are the biggest blocks to customer productivity? Simplicity: In which stages are the biggest blocks to simplicity? Convenience: In which stage are the biggest blocks to convenience? Risk: In which stage are the biggest blocks to reducing risks? Fun and Image: In which stage are the biggest blocks to fun and image? Environmental Friendliness: In which stage are the biggest blocks to environmental friendliness? Price Corridor of the Mass This tool helps managers find the right price for an irresistible offer, which, by the way, isn’t necessarily the lower price. The tool involves two distinct buy interrelated steps. The first step involves identifying the price corridor of the mass which deals with customer price sensitivity and pricing strategies of products offered outside the group of traditional competitors. The second step deals with specifying a level within the price corridor which factors in legal protection and exclusive assets. Step 1: Identify the price corridor of the mass. Step 2: Specify a price level within the price corridor. Three alternative product/service types: Same form Different form, same function Different form and function, same objective High degree of legal and resource protection Difficult to imitate Price Corridor of the Mass Mid-level pricing Some degree of legal and resource protection Low degree of legal and resource protection Easy to imitate Profit Model of Blue Ocean Strategy The Strategic Price The profit model of blue ocean strategy shows how value innovation typically maximizes profit by using the three levers of strategic price, target cost, and pricing innovation. The Target Profit The Target Cost Streamlining and Cost Innovations Partnering Pricing Innovation Blue Ocean Idea Index The blue ocean idea index is a simple but robust test demonstrating how the sequence of utility, price, cost, and adoption form an integral whole to ensure commercial success through blue ocean strategy. Philips Motorola Iridium CD-i Utility Price Cost Adoption DoCoMo I-mode Japan Is there exceptional utility? Are there compelling reasons to buy your offering? - - Is your price easily accessible to the mass of buyers? - - + Does your cost structure meet the target cost? - - + Have you addressed adoption hurdles up front? - +/- + + Strategy Canvas ● Provides a simple way of visualizing how your competitors attract customers, and/or how your customers choose the product or service they buy in your category. ● This allows you to differentiate yourself by choosing a different combination of factors on which to compete. ● Examples ● SWA - competing with automobile, not other airlines ● Cirque de Solei – competing with restaurants & theater, not other circuses ● Yellow Tail – competing with beer & hard liquor, not other wines Strategy Canvas: Example Creating a Strategy Canvas ● Identify the Competition ● Identify the factors of competition ● Evaluate the competition ● Chart your competitive differentiation Creating a Strategy Canvas: Identify the Competition ● Either identify them by name ● Or cluster them into semi-homogeneous groups ● Remember to look at the problem from the customer’s perspective ● Who or what else could satisfy the customer’s needs? ● Had SWA not done this they would have just listed other airlines and missed the fact that customers are choosing between flying and other modes of transportation Creating a Strategy Canvas: ID the Factors of Competition ● these include ● the price, meals, lounges, seating choices, etc ● Easiest way: Go out and talk to your customers ● Remember, it is important to speak to people who ● already buy your product and service, ● people who buy it but from your competitor, and ● people who don't yet buy your product and service but might in the future (especially if your strategy is successful). ● And don't forget that people don't always know what they want, so you may need to get a little creative in order to find out. Creating a Strategy Canvas: Evaluate the Competition ● Map your new strategy onto the Canvas. ● The objective is to chart a line which is substantially different to the lines of any of your competitors/groups. That difference, that unique blend of competitive factors, is your competitive differentiation. ● Remember: You must pick a combination that a sufficient number of your target customers will find compelling, in order to sustain your commercial objectives. You will undoubtedly have to dig deep into your box of other strategy tools to do so. Creating a Strategy Canvas: Chart Your Competitive Advantage ● Draw the actual chart ● Consider each of team member drawing their own canvas and then compare in terms of ● the competitors/groups they select; ● the factors they consider important, and; ● how they rate the competition ● Don’t forget: you can also ask your customers directly, just by talking to them or using a variety of research techniques, to get a more accurate and objective picture.