Geography of Pakistan
Location of Pakistan
Located between
24 degree and 36.75
degree North latitude
and
between 61 East to 75.5
degree East longititude.

 Total
Area is
796096 sqKilometers.
 Stretched about
1600 kms. From
North to South and
about 885 kms
From East to West
Boundaries of Pakistan
In the extreme north-East, Common
border with China.
 In the west , a long border known as “
Durand Line” with Afghanistan.
 To the North-west “Wakhan” is a narrow
strip of Afghan territory that separates
Pakistan from Tajikistan.
 To the South-West Pakistan has a
common border with Iran.
 Arabian Sea as Southern Border.
 In the East, a long border with India.

Physiography of Pakistan

Pakistan can be divided into Six major
landforms:1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
The Northern Mountains
The Western Mountains
The Baluchistan Plateau
Potohar Plateau and Salt range
The upper Indus Plain
The lower Indus Plain
Desert areas
1:-The Northern Mountains

To the North and North-West of
Pakistan, three ranges of
Mountains:1. The Himalayas
1.
2.
3.
4.
The
The
The
The
Outer Himalayas
Lesser Himalayas
Great Himalayas
Inner Himalayas
2. The Karakoram Range
3. The Hindu Kush
I:-The Himalayas
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Runs from East to West.
Total length 2430KM
Average Height 4000 meters.
1. Outer Himalayas Siwaliks
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Low altitude (300 -1000 m)
Located near Attock
2. Lesser or Lower Himalayas
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North of outer Himalayas
Medium altitude 5000m
Represented by Pir Panjal ranges.
Hill stations like Murree ,Nathia Gali are
located here.
Great Himalayas
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the height increases towards North
North of Pir Panjal Ranges
Average height is 6500m
Between Pir Panjal Range and Great
Himalayas Kashmir is located.
Highest Peak is NangParbat(8126m)
Inner Himalayas


Ladhakh Range
Part of indian occupied Kashmir
I:-The Karakoram range
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North of Himalayas
Range runs from East to west
Includes north Kashmir and Gilgat
Average height 7000 meters.
Important peak is K-2(8611m)
Precipitation in the form of Snow
due to High altitude,
Upper regions are normally Glaciers
(Batora, Siachen, 78 km)
III:-Hindu Kash
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North west of Karakoram near
Pakistan and Afghanistan border.
Chitral and Dir situated in this
range
Important peak is Tirch Mir(7690m)
Shandur Pass connects Gilgat and
Chitral
2:-Western Mountains

Comprise of Following ranges:1. Swat and chitral Hills
Located south of hindukush
Rivers swat, chitral punjchora
Average height 3000-5000m
Lawari and shundur passes
2.White Mountains
Located
to South of Kabul river.
East-West direction average height
3600m
Peaks are often covered with Snow,
so called “Koh-i-Safaid”.
Kohat valley,Peshawar valley
Kyber and Kurram Passes provide
route to Afghanistan
3.Waziristan Hills
– Located between Kurram and Gomal
rivers.
– Highly mineralized zone.
– Bannu valley in the east of these hills.
– Kurram dam is main source of
irrigation.
– Tochi and Gomal Passes
4.Suleman Range
– Located towards the south of Gomal
river
– Takht-e-Suleman(3374m)is the
highest peak.
– River Bolan and Bolan Pass
5.Kirther Range
– Located in south of Suleman range
– Important rivers Hub and liari
The Baluchistan Plateau
 Located
in the west of Suleman
mountain and Kirther range.
 Average altitude of 600 to 900 m.
 Toba Kaaker and Chaghi hills in north
 Barren mountainous area but highly
mineralized(Gold,Copper,Sulphur etc.)
specially Chaghi Hills.
 Central
Brahvi range,Central Makran
range lies at centre
 Makran Coastal area in south
 important rivers Pural,Hungol and
Dusht and Xob
 North West area is sandy
 Hamun Mashkhel
Salt Range and Potohar Plateau
Salt Range
Begin from Tilla Jogian and Bakrala hills
near Jehlem river crossing district Bannu in
west and join Suleman mountains
 Comprised of Jhelum,Chakwal,Kalabagh
and Mianwali District.
 Height between 700 m.
 Sakesar is the highest place 1500m
 Rich in Minerals (rock
Salt,Gypsum,Limestone etc)

POTWAR PLATEAU
In North of Salt range, South of Islamabad
between Jehlum and Indus Rivers.
 Height between 300 to 600 m.
 Rich in minerals(Rock Salt,Gypsum,Lime
Stone,Coal,Oil etc)
 Arid Agriculture (Not rich in Agriculture)
 Rugged landscaped
 Important Rivers Soan and Haru

The Indus Plain
Located South 0f Salt Range
High Density of Population
Divided into two Parts
Upper Indus Plain
Starts from Salt range and ends
near Mithon Kot
Irrigated Indus and Its Four
Tributaries.
Highly developed Canal irrigation
System.
Agriculturally very rich area.
2.
Lower Indus Plain
 Below Mithon Kot up to Arabian Sea is
Lower Indus Plain
 Irrigated by Indus River.
 Agriculturally very rich area.
 Flood Plains
 Barrages Ghulam Muhammad,Sakkher
Guddu
The Desert Areas
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Lack of Water
Bare Vegetation
May have rich mineral deposits(Oil&Gas)
Located at 3 Places
1. Sind Sagar Doab or Thal Desert
–
Between Indus and Jhelum
2. Thar
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–
–
Located towards South East of Pakistan
Irrigated by Sakkar Canal
Can be divided into three parts
1. Cholistan
2. Nara
3. Thar Parkar
3. Kharan
–
Located in Baluchistan