Reconstruction 1865-1877 period of rebuilding
Reconstruction
Position on setting Position on
plan
up Southern
treatment of freed
Governments
slaves
Lincoln’s 10%
With malice
Nothing. (maybe in
towards none, with the future though
charity to all
he had some plants
Equality for all
to be stricter)
PRESERVE the
union
No hard feelings
Lenient
State can return
when 10% (of
anyone who voted
in 1860 so White
Southern Men)
swears allegiance
to the union
Secession is
ILLEGAL
Southerners can be
pardoned upon
taking an oath of
allegiance to the
Union
Majority rule with
“loyal rule”
Wade-Davis Bill –
They wanted 50% 5 military zones
radical republican and an iron-clad
for the south to
plan
oath
watch former
Safe guard for free confederates and
men
to protect African
5 military zones
Americans
for the south to
Freedmen’s
watch former
Bureau
confederates and
to protect African
Americans
Andrew Johnson’s First 48 days of
They aren’t
Plan
presidency quiet – citizens, but sure
as soon as he went they can be free
home Johnson
brought every
southerner to DC
Position on War
Debts/Military
Occupation
No hard feelings,
no need for the
military
Military zones
No hard feelings!
Radical Republican
Plan
and started
pardoning them
while the congress
went on vacation
10%+ plan –
Lincoln’s plan AND
the 13th
amendment
(abolishing
slavery) – Lincoln
already wrote it
and was pushing it
through so Johnson
inherited it.
PUNISH
THE
HELP
AFRICAN
Congressional
reconstruction
means punishment
(the same thing as
the Wade-Davis
Bill)
SOUTH
AMERICANS
If Lincoln vetoes he alienates his entire party, if he passes it he alienates the entire
south
Pocket veto – puts it away and just leaves it there – the bill dies so he can move
forward with his own reconstruction plan
Johnson was a southerner, white supremacist, Jacksonian democrat – ONLY
SOUTHERNER WHO STAYED LOYAL TO THE UNION IN THE WAR
One thing Johnson and Lincoln had in common – the states legally NEVER left the
union
Poor southerners always wanted slaves and wanted to be aristocrats – like Johnson
First 48 days of presidency quiet – as soon as he went home Johnson brought every
southerner to DC and started pardoning them while the congress went on vacation
10%+ plan – Lincoln’s plan AND the 13th amendment (abolishing slavery) – Lincoln
already wrote it and was pushing it through so Johnson inherited it.
JOHNSON VETOES LITERALLY EVERYONE JUST LIKE JACKSON INCLUDING THE
FREEDMEN’S BURAEU
New act – the president can’t fire anyone including cabinet members
As soon as they tell him not to fire someone he fires the secretary of war and they
impeach him
First president to ever be impeached (phase 2 goes to the senate)
– not guilty in senate by A SINGLE VOTE.
President has no power congress takes over reconstruction
Congressional reconstruction means punishment
When you lose you always want a rematch
Pushed the south to want revenge
Century of degradation humiliation subjugation and violence for African Americans
DISAPPOINTMENT
LETDOWN
Positive, new won freedom, woo
reconstruction
Blackpeople are part of government
They are receiving education
They are allowed to go to church freely
and reunite with their families
They’re citizens, they can own land and
vote
Rise up
13th, 14th, 15th amendment
looks good on paper
Negative
Breeds over a century of hate and pain
for African Americans
Redeemers wanted to redeem the
“greatness” of the south
Black codes-can’t sit on the jury, can’t
bear arms, can’t get married, can’t move,
no public meetings, must serve white
people, must always look down you
cannot meet the gaze of someone
white/make contact with them
Jim Crow Laws (Jim Crow did blackface)
Literacy test
Poll tax (doesn’t end till 1964)
Grandfather clause
Plessy V. Ferguson (separate but equal)
Homer A. Plessy was refused a seat on a
whites=only rr car because he was 1/8
African America. Plessy sued saying his
rights under 14th amendment were
violated
De jure (legal) segregation)
80% had land taken by white people
sharecropping-cycle of poverty develops
slavery by a name
white supremacy is rebuilt in the south –
the pale faces, the white chameleons, the
KKK – violent intimidation, lynching,
The song: literally kill everyone the south will prevail, wished to kill more yankees
Booker T
gradual/realistic accommodation
learn something vocational, start at the
bottom, work your way up
former slave
south-made man
opened up his own school and it was a
place to help African Americans learn
those trades so they could rise over time
Atlanta expedition – in front of white
southerners – realistic accommodation
and segregation being OK
W.E.B
Literally the opposite of Booker T –
immediate accommodation
Talented 10 – full social and economic
ability NOW
Integration, not segregation
Formed the NAACP – THE NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT
OF COLORED PEOPLE – First Civil Rights
organization of the United States –
Niagara Movement – access to those
rights NOW
These dudes couldn’t STAND each other
Opposing views, basically hate each other
Their future successors – Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Junior (good synthesis)
Blueprint/foundation but…
1865-1948 the south refused to vote republican – voted democrat as revenge