CMG/CVS
1. What is the normal body temperature, if it increases by 8℃ what changes will occur in the body?
2. A 40 years old male with no comorbid encounters a road traffic accident in which he lost approx.
1.5-2 liters of blood explain the changes that will occur in body in terms of feedback mechanism.
3. During child birth the baby went into secondary arrest. Here which feedback mechanism is not
working and what should be the normal mechanism?
4. Name and explain the events in which blood is circulated in heart?
5. How cardiac muscles contract explain in terms of potentials?
6. How cardiac muscle contracts explain mechanism and how it is different with smooth and
skeletal muscle?
7. Which heart sound is extra heard in a pregnant female and in a person with hypertrophied heart?
8. What will happen to the phases of cardiac cycle if one’s heart rate is 130bpm?
9. If we increase the flow of blood in a vessel while keeping the pressure constant, then what will
happen and which law is being applied here?
10. A 65 years old male has history of long standing ischemic heart disease. He has heart rate of
50bpm. What is most likely the pace maker in this patient?
11. A 32 years old female has history of episodic fainting, doctor diagnosed complete heart block on
ECG. What is the underlying physiological mechanism?
12. A 15 years old male had a road traffic accident and went in a hypovolemic shock.
a. If his BP <60mmHg then What mechanism will be activated to increase his BP?
b. If his BP >60mmHg then What mechanism will be activated to increase his BP?
13. A 45 years old male on anti-hypertensive medicines from past 10 years what is the physiological
mechanism is controlling his BP?
14. A 65 years old female suffers with right heart failure and now has developed ascites and pedal
edema. Explain the mechanism of developing this edema in this patient?
15. A 55 years old male smoker, hypertensive and has high cholesterol levels now having
hemorrhagic stroke, doctor tell he has atherosclerotic plaque. What is the mechanism behind his
stroke and why doctor mentioned atherosclerotic plaque, give its significance?
16. A pediatric cardiologist examined a neonate a listened a continuous sound, name that sound and
its cause (mechanism)
a. if a sound only occurs at S2, give their name and underlying mechanism
b. if a sound only occurs at S1, give their name and underlying mechanism