Introduction to
Chemistry
Lesson Objectives
 Define
and discuss chemistry and its origin
Recognize
that substances are made up
of smaller particles
Describe and/or make a representation of
the arrangement, relative spacing, and
relative motion of the particles in each of
the three phases of matter
How will you describe so many
substances around us in one
word?
Origin of Chemistry
Throughout the history of the human
race, people have struggled to
make sense of the world around
them.
Alchemy
Alchemy
was a mixture of scientific
investigation and mystical quest, with
strands of philosophy from Greece, China,
Egypt and Arabia mixed in.
The main aims of alchemy
the quest for the elixir of life ( immortality)
the
search for the philosopher’s stone (turn
base metals into gold)
What is Chemistry?
chemeia,
a Greek word which
means “art of metal working”
Chemistry is the study of matter and
the changes it undergoes.
Involves studying the properties and
behavior of matter
Matter
Matter
is anything that occupies
space and has mass,
States of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Why did the three states of matter
appear this way?
The Kinetic Molecular Theory suggests
that all matter is made up of extremely
small particles that are in constant motion.
These particles can be atoms, molecules or
ions.
SOLID
Solid
is rigid with particles tightly
packed, vibrating about a fixed
position.
Solids have a definite shape and a
definite volume.
Ex. gold, copper, block of wood
LIQUID
Liquid
flows with particles’ distance
far apart enough to slide over one
another.
Liquids have a definite volume but
with indefinite shape
Ex. water, alcohol, oil
GAS
Gas
takes both the shape and volume
of its container with particles that are
very far apart and move freely.
Gases have an indefinite shape and an
indefinite volume.
Ex. oxygen, helium, methane, LPG
The three states of
matter can be
interconverted
without changing
the composition
of the substance.
Insights and
Learning
Quiz
1
A field of science that deals with the
study of matter and the changes
it undergoes.
2
A science that was used in the
Middle Ages with the goal of
changing ordinary metals into gold.
3
What is matter?
4
This theory suggests that all matter is
made up of extremely small particles
(atoms, molecules, or ions) that are
in constant motion.
5
Matter with definite volume but
indefinite shape is______.
6
True or False
The composition of a substance is
changed during phase change.
7
The ultimate factor that causes
phase change.
8
The phase change involve in the
formation of clouds.
9
Matter that has no definite shape nor
definite volume and takes up the
space of its container.
13
10
11
12
14
15
Key to Correction
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Chemistry
Alchemy
Anything that occupies space and has mass
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Liquid
False
Heat/Energy
Condensation
Gas
Freezing/Solidification
Melting
Deposition
Sublimation
Evaporation
Condensation
Scores
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Total
Index of Mastery
Sections
STEM - A
STEM - B
STEM - C
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Assignment ½ Crosswise
1.
Distinguish between physical
chemical properties of matter
Give
2.
and
examples
Distinguish between
intensive properties
Give
examples
extensive
and