Learning target
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Students will be able to:
list the three different types of muscles.
describe skeletal muscle contraction
explain what happens to muscles in outer
space
• describe the importance of exercising on earth
and in space
Warm up
• Look at the slides in the microscopes and try
to identify the difference between them.
Types of Muscles
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Involuntary
Striated
Single nuclei
Branched
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Voluntary
Striated
Multinucleated
Non branched
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Involuntary
Non striated
Single nucleus
Tapered
Review
• What are the three types of muscles?
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•
•
•
Involuntary
Striated
Single nuclei
Branched
•
•
•
•
Voluntary
Striated
Multinucleated
Non branched
•
•
•
•
Involuntary
Non striated
Single nucleus
Tapered
Why is exercise important?
How do people exercise in space?
• Your task:
1. Choose a skeletal muscle or muscle group.
2. Brainstorm what types of exercises or activities
you can do to strengthen that muscle.
3. For the same muscle, design a microgravity
machine to strengthen that muscle, using at
least one of the exercises you came up with
above.
4. Draw a picture of your machine and write a
sentence to explain how it works.
How do people exercise in space?
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wam7po
PzG1w
How muscles work
• Muscles pull, not push
Skeletal muscles.
• Muscle fibres = muscle
cells
• Each muscle fibre runs
the length of the muscle
• Motor neuron attached
• The more motor neurons
fired the more fibers are
used
Muscle Fibers
• Sarcomere
Myosin(think filaments)
• Actin (thin filaments)
Muscle contraction
• Sarcomeres shorten
• Myosin pulls Actin
• More fibers that
contract the more force
• ATP provides energy
Muscle growth
• Under stress muscles tear
• The immune system then repairs
the tears
• Muscles are repaired and built
stronger and bigger
Building muscle
• Protein is the building blocks of
growing and repairing cells
• Hormones have a major roles
in muscles building
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tM1LFF
xeKg
Why is exercise important?
Choose a muscle and design a
microgravity