ZEOCA WATER FILTRATION
By:
TANTIANA M. P.
1415100053
RAFIKA AMALIA
1415100059
AZIFA DYAH A.
1415100066
GILBERT
1415100072
Lecturer:
RATNA RINTANINGRUM, S.S., M.Ed., Ph.D.
SEPULUH NOPEMBER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
SURABAYA
2016
i
PREFACE
Thanks to Almighty God who has given His blessing to the writers for finishing
this English Paper assignment entitled “Zeoca Water Filtration”.
This Paper is about Water Filtration to solve some problems because of pollution.
We use ‘Water Filtration’ as our main theme because we want to applicate our Chemistry
knowledge to people around us who needs our help. We realize that this paper is not only
about assignment, but also to expand our knowledge more and even more.
We also wish to express our deep and sincere gratitude for those who have guided
in completing this paper, especially:
1. Prof. Ir. Joni Hermana, M.ScES., Ph.D. as Rector of Sepuluh Nopember Institute
of Technology;
2. Prof. Dr. Ir. Heru Setyawan, M.Eng. as Vice Rector I of Sepuluh Nopember
Institute of Technology
3. Ratna Rintaningrum, S.S., M.Ed., Ph.D. as our English Lecturer;
4. Parents who support us; and
5. All people who help us to complete this paper whom we can’t mention one by
one.
Last but not least, we hope this English Paper assignment can help the readers to
expand their knowledge about science. From the proverb “No Rose without Torn”, we
realized this paper is not perfect and we apologize for any mistake in this paper. Thank
You.
Surabaya, April, 11, 2016
Author
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE ........................................................................................................................ i
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... ii
CHAPTER 1.................................................................................................................... 1
1.1
Background of Information ............................................................................ 1
1.2
Problem Statement .......................................................................................... 2
1.3
Purpose of The Study ...................................................................................... 2
1.4
Contribution of The Study .............................................................................. 2
CHAPTER 2.................................................................................................................... 3
2.1
What Zeoca Is ................................................................................................... 3
2.1.1
Water Pollution ......................................................................................... 3
2.1.2
Zeoca Water Filtration ............................................................................. 5
2.2
The Function of Zeoca ..................................................................................... 5
2.3
Function of Each Component of Zeoca Water Filtration ............................ 6
2.4
How Zeoca Works ............................................................................................ 7
2.4.1
Waste Water Garden ............................................................................... 8
2.4.2
Water Treatment ...................................................................................... 8
CHAPTER 3.................................................................................................................... 9
3.1
How to make Zeoca .......................................................................................... 9
3.1.1
Tools and Materials .................................................................................. 9
3.1.2
The Step Making ZEOCA Prototype ................................................... 10
3.2
TEST OF ZEOCA (RESULTS).................................................................... 11
3.3
Advantages and Disadvantages .................................................................... 14
CHAPTER 4.................................................................................................................. 16
4.1
Conclusion ...................................................................................................... 16
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................. 17
1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Information
Water is an important element of nature resources. Water is used in every aspect of
human lives such as husbandry, fishery, animal husbandry, industry, mining, etc. Water
is a prior need for human in this planet. Human can survive even without having their
meal in several weeks, but not with water. Human even can die if they don’t consume
water in a day due to dehydration. In modern economics application, water is a constituent
part for agriculture, industry, electricity power plant and transportation application.
Human, plants and animal might die lacking in water. Water affects widely in human
lives, moreover it’s used for us to eat and drink (Honimb, 2007).
Water pollution can be caused by the house hold water waste disposal, industry waste
and could even be caused by the pesticide and fertilizer utilizing. Those pollutions affect
the organism and even environment in the form of liquid, colloid and other forms of
particle. Another effects caused by the water pollution is sickness. Due to the bad
condition of the environment itself, human willingly or unwillingly could be sick (Dery
Firdaus, 2008).
The quality of water in metropolitan cities especially Surabaya is not even up to the
water quality standards based on Peraturan Pemerintah Number 82 Year 2001 and Perda
Kota Surabaya Number 2 Year 2004 about Quality Of Water Processing And Controlling
(Badan Lingkungan Hidup, 2009).
One of the possible ways to make out the water pollution problem in Surabaya is by
having the recycle technology and water filtration of Zeoca. Zeoca is a technology which
uses a filter instrument and active carbon in its application. This kind of technology can
be used to recycle the water waste disposal of wudhu (in the mosque) and purify them.
This technology consists of 2 elements, they are waste water garden and water treatment.
The Waste Water Garden Component contain of gravel and water hyacinth. The water
hyacinth itself is used to catch the serious metal pollutant. While the Water Treatment
contains silica, zeolite and active carbon. The silica is used to filter the soil and mud in
2
the waste water. Zeolite is for changing the nature ion and also bonding the oxygen
molecules in the waste water. Meanwhile, the active carbon function is in removing the
released chlorine and other organic compounds to move away the odor, taste and color of
the water.
1.2 Problem Statement
Based on the information background, the problem statement of this paper are:
1. What is Zeoca Water Filtration?
2. What is Zeoca Water Filtration for?
3. What are the functions of each component of Zeoca Water Filtration?
4. How does Zeoca Water Filtration work?
5. What results can be obtained from Zeoca Water Filtration?
6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Zeoca Water Filtration?
1.3 Purpose of The Study
This paper of study purposes to know about:
1.
What Zeoca Water Filtration is;
2.
The function of Zeoca Water Filtration;
3.
The function of each component of Zeoca Water Filtration;
4.
The way how Zeoca Water Filtration works;
5.
Results that can be obtained from Zeoca Water Filtration;
6.
The advantages and disadvantages of using Zeoca Water Filtration.
1.4 Contribution of The Study
1. This study is an application of chemistry, biology, chemistry engineering and
physics
2. This study is done for people lived in polluted water area
3
CHAPTER 2
ZEOCA AND HOW IT WORKS
2.1 What Zeoca Is
2.1.1
Water Pollution
Water is the most common liquid on Earth. It covers about 71.4% of the Earth.
Pure water has no smell, taste, or color. Lakes, oceans, and rivers are made of water.
Water is very important for life. Plants and animals (including people) are mostly
water inside, and must drink water to live. It gives a medium for chemical reactions
to take place, and is the main part of blood. It keeps the body temperature the same
by sweating from the skin. Water helps blood carry nutrients from the stomach to all
parts of the body to keep the body alive. Water also helps the blood carry oxygen from
the lungs to the body. Saliva, which helps animals and people digest food, is mostly
water. Water helps make urine. Urine helps remove bad chemicals from the body. The
human body is between 60% and 70% water. Though a human being can survive for
up to a three weeks without food, they can only survive for a day or two without water.
However, some studies suggest that by 2025 more than half of the people around the
world will not have enough water. Its happen because as earth's population continues
to grow, people are putting ever-increasing pressure on the planet's water resources.
In a sense, our oceans, rivers, and other inland waters are being "squeezed" by human
activities—not so they take up less room, but so their quality is reduced. Poorer water
quality means water pollution.
We know that pollution is a human problem because it is a relatively recent
development in the planet's history: before the 19th century Industrial Revolution,
people lived more in harmony with their immediate environment. As industrialization
has spread around the globe, so the problem of pollution has spread with it. When
Earth's population was much smaller, no one believed pollution would ever present a
serious problem. It was once popularly believed that the oceans were far too big to
pollute. Today, with around 7 billion people on the planet, it has become apparent that
there are limits. Pollution is one of the signs that humans have exceeded those limits.
4
Some people believe pollution is an inescapable result of human activity: they
argue that if we want to have factories, cities, ships, cars, oil, and coastal resorts, some
degree of pollution is almost certain to result. In other words, pollution is a necessary
evil that people must put up with if they want to make progress. Fortunately, not
everyone agrees with this view. One reason people have woken up to the problem of
pollution is that it brings costs of its own that undermine any economic benefits that
come about by polluting.
Pollution matters because it harms the environment on which people depend.
The environment is not something distant and separate from our lives. The
environment is everything that surrounds us that gives us life and health. Destroying
the environment ultimately reduces the quality of our own lives. And that, most
selfishly, is why pollution should matter to all of us.
Water pollution is all about quantities, how much of polluting substance is
released and may have little impact to nature and people surrounding. Water pollution
can cause human illness, its happen, either directly or indirectly. Surabaya's water
quality it’s not satisfy the standards of safe level. To avoid this bad problem, we had
to find the idea to resolve this problem.
Picture 2.1: Example of Water Pollution Cycle (valdosta.edu)
5
2.1.2
Zeoca Water Filtration
From small example explained on 2.1.1, we give one of best alternative to
resolve the water pollution, that is ZEOCA. ZEOCA is a technology to recycle and
purify water by using a filter and activated carbon. This technology is used to recycle
ablution water and recycle them, so that we can use the water again. This method can
save the water pollution problem, especially in Surabaya. This technology consists of
two steps, they are water garden waste and water treatment.
Picture 2.2: Sketch of ZEOCA
prototype (Zahra, 2015)
2.2 The Function of Zeoca
Diagram 2.1: Zeoca Flow
Chart
Based on the diagram above, the function of Zeoca can be described below:
 Filtrate the dirt water from the weight metal pollutant and other dangerous
pollutants

Purify the water to change the muddy water into the clean water one
6

Recycle the water after being processed though filtration and purification process,
so that the water can be used again
2.3 Function of Each Component of Zeoca Water Filtration
In the manufacturing of Zeoca, there are 5 important components needed, they are:
 Gravel
Gravel is needed in the water waste garden process. It is used as media for water
hyacinth to optimize the water filtration process.
 Water Hyacinth
Same goes with gravel, water hyacinth is also used in the water waste garden. The
water hyacinth is used to absorb the serious metal pollutant contained in the dirt
water. Metal pollutants are terribly dangerous especially for human’s health.
Human who consume water that is contained metal pollutant will affect their nerve
damage and physical defect on children. Lubis and Sofyan (1986) explained that
Chrome (Cr) can be absorbed by the water hyacinth totally in degree 7 of pH. On
their experiment as well, water hyacinth can absorb the Cr until 51.85 %. Water
hyacinth is also justified can absorb the pesticide residue, such as 2.4-D residue
and parquet. Based on the experiment of Chossi and Husin (1977), water hyacinth
was able to absorb 0.296 ppm of 0.5 ppm 2.4-D and 0.83 ppm of 2 ppm 2.4-D for
96 hours. Up till now, water hyacinth is known as weeds to farmer. But, as is
proper, water hyacinth can be well used in filtration technology and not to
mention, the amount of water hyacinth itself is getting much bigger in Indonesia
than anywhere in the world due to the temperature and seasons that Indonesia has.
 Silica
Silica in the water treatment part is used to filter the soil and mud in the waste
water. Silica that is contained Si (silicon) and O2 (oxygen) is found widely in the
earth. Even though silica is generally found in a form of crystal, but silica in the
form of sand is better and higher in compounds. Unfortunately, the silica sand
manufacture needs more process and treatment. Sand or silica sand is contained
some of mineral particles and hard core.
 Zeolite
7
Zeolite is also used Zeolite in this part is used to change the nature ion and to bond
the oxygen molecules in the waste water. Zeolite is a hydrate compound of
alumina-silicate with sodium, potassium and barium as cations. Zeolite is known
as ‘molecular sieve’ or ‘molecular mesh’ due to its molecular pores that can
separate/absorb molecules in a certain size. Zeolite has some special
characteristics, they are: easily release water due to reheating and bond the water
molecule back in humid temperature. Besides, zeolite can also release cation while
exchanging them, for example zeolite that releases sodium and exchange it by
bonding calcium or magnesium. These characteristics of zeolite is well used to
mellow the water.

Active Carbon
Active carbon has a function to remove the released chlorine and other organic
compounds to move away the odor, taste and color of the water. Active carbon is
one type of carbon which is processed through many stages until results an openended pores active carbon, so that it has a high absorbing power especially to a
material in a form of aqueous or vapor.
2.4 How Zeoca Works
The Zeoca Water Filtration is contained of 2 parts, they are water waste garden
and water treatment. Which each of them has its own ways of work. Such like the
name of the filtration tools, Zeoca, which is the length of zeolite, active carbon, water
hyacinth and silica, they are the compounds contained in the tools itself. Every part
of ZWF (Zeoca Water Filtration) has its special compound to run its function.
Diagram 2.2: The Process of
Zeoca
8
2.4.1
Waste Water Garden
Gravel
Result <To
Water
Treatment>
Water
Hyacinth
Diagram 2.3:
The Water
Waste Garden
Flowchart
The first part is water waste garden, it processes the dirt water or the first place
where the input begins to be filtrated. As its function to be in contact with the dirt
water directly, water waste garden has water hyacinth and gravel inside.
Filter the
soil and
mud in the
water
Change
nature ion
and to bond
oxygen
molecules
Active Carbon
Water Treatment
Zeolite
Silica
2.4.2
Remove the
released
chlorine and
other
organic
compound
Diagram 2.4:
The Water
Treatment
Process
.
From the water waste garden process, the result goes directly to the water
treatment process. With silica, zeolite and active carbon in water treatment, the
filtration water is already finished to be recycled.
9
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 How to make Zeoca
3.1.1 Tools and Materials
3.1.1.1 Tools
The tools that we use in this research are:
1. Length meter
2. Hacksaw
3.1.1.2 Materials
The Materials that we use in this research are:
1. Iron rod
2. Paralon pipe 2 inches and 4 inches
3. Hose
4. Gravel
5. Wheel
6. Box
7. Partition board
8. Glue
9. Silica sand
10. Zeolit
11. Activated carbon
12. Hyacinth
13. Valve
Picture 3.1: Sketch of ZEOCA
prototype (Zahra, 2015)
10
3.1.2 The Step Making ZEOCA Prototype
There are two kind of process in this research:
3.1.2.1 The process of waste water garden
1. Make the model of prototype waste water garden
2. Prepare one box 57 cm of length, 40 cm of width, and 32 cm of
height, or customize based the amount of the water that we want to
get
3. Put the gravel on the base of the box as the cornerstone of the
hyacinth
4. Plant the hyacinth inside the box, on the sidelines of the gravel
Water
Hyacinth
Gravel
Picture 3.2: Waste Water
Garden (Zahra, 2015)
3.1.2.2 The process of water treatment part 1 and part 2
1. Part 1: Fill the 4 inches pipe sequentially; silica sand, zeolite, silica
sand, with the comparison 1:3:1
2. Part 2: fill another 2 inches pipe with activated carbon until 60% of
the pipe that we use is filled up
3. Set the prototype like the picture below
Picture 3.3: Water
Treatment
Silica
Zeolit
e
Silica
2015)
Active
Carbon
(Zahra,
11
3.2 TEST OF ZEOCA (RESULTS)
In Zeoca Water Filtration, we use 3 variables to analyse the difference between the
water without filtration and the water after filtration. With those variables, we can know
the best result from Zeoca Water Filtration based on the Clean Water Minimum
Requirement (Red column). Those variables are:
A. Ablution Water without any treatment (Yellow Column)
B. Ablution Water with waste water garden process and then water treatment
process (Green Column)
C. Ablution Water with water treatment process, without water garden process
(Blue Column)
The result from Physical test analyzing:
No.
Parameter
Unit
Clean Water
A
B
C
Requirement*
1.
Colour
Unit PtCo
50
56,5
19,5
17,0
2.
Taste
-
Tasteless
-
-
-
3.
Smell
-
Odourless
Odour-
Odour-
Odourless
less
less
4.
Turbidly
NTU Scale
25
22,80
3,45
2,31
5.
Total Dissolved
mg/L
1500
508
498
474
Solid (TDS)
6.
Temperature
o
25 oC ± 3oC
25
25
25
7.
Electrical
Πmhos/cm
-
849
830
791
Zeoca
Water
Filtration
C
Conductivity
Table
3.1:
The
Physical
Test
Analysis
of
Source: Environment-Quality Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil
Engineering and Planning, ITS Surabaya
The result from inorganic test analyzing:
12
No.
Parameter
Unit
Clean Water
A
B
C
Requirement*
1.
pH
-
6,5-9,0
7,20
8,35
8,40
2.
Hardness
mg/L
500
285,71
271,43
235,71
CaCO3
3.
Chloride
mg/L Cl-
600
76,00
92,00
72,00
4.
Sulphate
mg/L SO4
400
50,80
51,45
46,42
5.
Nitrate
mg/L NO3-
10
0,00
2,23
2,57
6.
Nitrite
mg/L NO2-
1
0,021
0,227
0,230
7.
Ammonia
mg/L NH3- -
3,35
0,32
0,30
8.
Iron
mg/L Fe
1
0,51
0,10
0,007
9.
Manganese
mg/L Mn
0,5
0,00
0,00
0,00
10.
Lead
mg/L Pb
0,05
0,00
0,00
0,00
11.
Zinc
mg/L Zn
15
0,12
0,08
0,07
12.
Chromium
mg/L Cr6+
0,05
0,00
0,00
0,00
13.
Fluoride
mg/L F
1,5
0,46
0,42
0,45
14.
Arsenic
mg/L As
0,05
0,00
0,00
0,00
15.
Mercury
mg/L Hg
0,001
0,00
0,00
0,00
16.
Cadmium
mg/L Cd
0,005
0,00
0,00
0,00
17.
Selenium
mg/L Se
0,01
0,00
0,00
0,00
18.
Cyanide
mg/L CN-
0,1
0,00
0,00
0,00
Zeoca
Water
Filtration
Table
3.2:
The
Inorganic
Test
Analysis
of
Source : Environment-Quality Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of
Civil Engineering and Planning, ITS Surabaya
The result from organic test analyzing:
No.
Parameter
Unit
Clean Water
A
B
C
10
11,30
1,26
17,0
0,5
0,26
0,12
-
Requirement*
1.
KMNO4 number
mg/L
KmnO4
2.
Detergent
mg/L
13
Table
3.3:
The
Organic
Test
Analysis
Of
Zeoca
Water
Filtration
Source: Environment-Quality Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil
Engineering and Planning, ITS Surabaya
*Clean Water Requirement is taken from PERMENKES RI No. 416
MENKES/PER/IX/90
The first table shows that Ablution Water that has been processed by Zeoca Water
Filtration (B and C) gives better results than Ablution Water with no treatment at all. We
can look from the color, turbidity, and the total dissolved solids which both B and C have
smaller value than the standard, so it means B and C is Clean Water.
The second and third table (Inorganic and Organic test) show that Ablution water
that has been processed by Zeoca Water Filtration gives better result than ablution water
with no treatment at all. We can see from the hardness; the contents of ammonia, Iron,
Zinc, Fluoride, KMNO4 number and the detergent, all have smaller number and fulfil the
standard for Clean Water.
Water B (Ablution water with water waste garden process and then water
treatment process) shows that Water B is much better than Water C (Ablution water with
water treatment process, but without waste garden process). But some test shows that C
is better than B. It’s due to some failed mechanism and the water hyacinth wasn’t being
cleaned properly so it has a lot of mud that contaminate the Waste Water Garden.
14
3.3 Advantages and Disadvantages
After all the studies and analysis which have done, we found some advantages and
disadvantages in the Zeoca technology application that shows in Table 3.4 and Table 3.5.
Advantages
 Zeoca can recycle and save water
Reason

Because Zeoca can make water clean
again. It’s useful so we don’t need to
spend lots of money just for clean water
(We can make it instead!).
 Zeoca can reduce water pollution 
on Because Zeoca itself contains Zeolite,
this earth
Silica, and Carbon which are able to
absorb and remove metals ion in the water.
 Zeoca can remove smelly water

Water with unpleasant smell is considered
as Invisible Pollution and it’s bad for our
bronchus and alveolus (lungs).
 Zeoca gives us better health

Because Zeoca can remove heavy metals
ion, the water is safer to be used on our
body/skin. Heavy metal ion inside our
body is very dangerous.
 Zeoca’s main component is cheap 
to Zeoca Water Filtration doesn’t cost lots of
make
money. Zeolite, Silica, and Carbon only
total around Rp20,000.00/kg which can be
used numerous times.
 Zeoca can be made by scraps item (do
 Zeoca’s main components are Zeolite,
not have to use materials above, it can Silica, and Carbon. Other materials can be
be modified)
changed according to the needs.
Table 3.4: The Advantages of Zeoca Water Filtration
15
Disadvantages
Reason
Zeoca’s main materials are not easy to
It’s very difficult to find Zeolite, Silica,
find
and Active Carbon in village or
backwoods. Those materials are
uncommon seen there.
After using many times, we need to clean
Zeoca absorbs heavy metal ions which
up everything again.
are not small amounts. The ions are saved
in Zeoca’s materials. After a while,
Zeoca’s Materials can’t absorb ions
anymore due to too much ion that over its
capabilities (overlimit).
Table 3.5: The Disadvantages of Zeoca Water Filtration
16
CHAPTER 4
CLOSING
4.1
Conclusion
From the studies which had done, we can conclude some points below:
1. Zeoca Water Filtration Technology is a technology suggested to solve the
water pollution problems which are happening especially in metropolitan city.
2. Zeoca Water Filtration Technology is made for filtrating and recycling the
waste water, so that the waste water can be used again safely.
3. Zeoca Water Filtration has 5 important components in the manufacturing
process. These are cobblestone, water hyacinth, silica soil, zeolite, and active
carbon.
4. Zeoca Water Filtration’s way of works are based on its 2 components.
Generally, the Zeoca Water Filtration Technology’s work principal is to
filtrate, purify, and recycle the waste water.
5. The water result after being processed through Zeoca Water Filtration is a
water which is up to the water standards applied by the country. The filtration
water of ZWF can be used again to bath or wash some stuff (dishes, clothes,
etc.).
6. However, Zeoca Water Technology application still has disadvantages.
Although still, its advantages are ways more than its disadvtanges.
17
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ADYWATER
company.
2013.
“Apa
Itu
Silika?”
accessed
in
http://pasirsilikanusantara.blogspot.co.id/2013/03/apa-itu-silika.html on March 2013
KUG
company.
“Zeolit-Kandungan
dan
Kegunaannya”
accessed
in
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in
http://serbapupukorganik.blogspot.co.id/p/blog-page_1041.html on 2013
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Diah.
2012.
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Samping
Karbon
Aktif”
http://www.kompasiana.com/diah_marliati_a_soeradiredja/efek-samping-karbonaktif_551932c9813311f1749de0d5 on November 14th 2012 and renewed on June 24th
2015
Arfenti, Z. S. (2015). RETTER (RECYCLE OF THE ABLUTION WATER)
TEKNOLOGI RECYCLE AIR WUDHU YANG SYAR’I DAN BERSIH SEBAGAI
SARANA PENGHEMATAN AIR DI INDONESIA. Diploma Chemical Engineering