The Heavy and light Letters
‫حروف التفخيم والرتقيق‬
Heavy letters
• They are collected in the phrase :
‫ض ْغ ٍط قِ ْظ‬
َّ ‫ُخ‬
َ ‫ص‬
• It is a fat letter.
• A part of the tongue (mostly the back
part) rises up to the roof .
• EX:
ِ
ِ
ِ
َّ
ِ
َّ
– ‫ريا‬
‫ه‬
‫ظ‬
–
‫ال‬
‫ق‬
–
‫ة‬
‫ام‬
‫ط‬
‫ال‬
–
‫ور‬
‫ف‬
‫غ‬
‫ال‬
–
‫ني‬
‫ال‬
‫الض‬
–
‫ين‬
‫د‬
‫اخلَال‬
َ َّ
َُ
ً َ
ِ – ‫صراط – ِطني – مستَ ِقيم – ِخيانَة‬
ِ
‫ض َر ًارا‬
َ
ُ
َ
Light Letters
• All the letters other than the heavy
letters (‫ض ْغ ٍط قِ ْظ‬
َّ ‫ ( ُخ‬and the temporary
َ ‫ص‬
heavy and light letters which are (Alif
Madd – Laam of Exalted name of Allah
– Letter Raa’)
• Lowering the tongue .
• EX:
ِ ‫ْكتاب – النَّار – َشي‬
َِ ‫السماء – ال‬
‫صر‬
‫ْع‬
‫ل‬
‫ا‬
‫َّة‬
‫ن‬
‫ل‬
‫ا‬
–
‫ني‬
‫اط‬
ْ
ْ َ
َ ‫الن‬
َ
َ
َ َّ – ‫َّهار‬
Temporary heavy and light
Letters
1- Alif Madd
• Alif Madd being heavy or light depends on
the letter preceding Alif Madd:
- If the letter before Alif Madd was light, so
Alif Madd should accordingly take a light
sound.
- ‫الس َماء – ال َْعالَ ِمني‬
َّ – ‫َّهار – النَّار‬
َ ‫الن‬
- And if the letter before Alif Madd was heavy,
so Alif Madd should accordingly take a
heavy sound.
ِ‫قَال – َخال‬
‫ يُطَاف‬- ‫صابِ ِرين – غَافِ ًًل‬
–
‫ا‬
‫د‬
ً
َ
Temporary heavy and light
Letters
2- The Laam of The Exalted Name of Allah
- If there is a Fatha or a Dhamma before the
word of Allah or Allahum, So the laam in
Allah or Allahum will be heavy.
‫ َتهلل‬- ‫َع ْب ُد هللا – قَا َل اللَّ ُهم‬
- If there is a kasrah before the word Allah, So
the Laam in Allah or Allahum will be light.
‫بِ ْس ِم هللا – ِبهلل – قُ ِل اللَّ ُهم‬
- If the reader starts reading with the name of
Allah, then Laam in Allah or Allahom will be
heavy.
‫‪Temporary heavy and light‬‬
‫‪Letters‬‬
‫“ ’‪3-“Raa‬‬
‫’‪• Light Raa‬‬
‫ِر ‪ِ :‬‬
‫الريح ‪1-‬‬
‫َِ ْر ‪ :‬فِ ْر َع ْون ‪2-‬‬
‫َِْ ر ‪ِ :‬‬
‫الس ْحر ‪3-‬‬
‫ْ‬
‫ي ْر ‪ :‬قَ ِدير ‪4-‬‬
‫’‪• Heavy Raa‬‬
‫ضان ‪1-‬‬
‫َر ‪َ :‬رَم َ‬
‫ُر ‪ُ :‬رَّمان ‪2-‬‬
‫ََ ْر ‪َ :‬م ْرَي ‪3-‬‬
‫َُ ْر ‪ :‬قُ ْرَءان ‪4-‬‬
‫صر ‪5-‬‬
‫الع ْ‬
‫ََْ ْر ‪َ :‬‬
‫َُْ ْر ‪ُ :‬خ ْسر ‪6-‬‬
‫ضى ‪7-‬‬
‫اْ ْر ‪ْ :‬ارتَ َ‬
‫َِ ْر (ط – ق – ص) ‪ :‬قِ ْرطَاس – ‪8-‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ادا‬
‫صً‬
‫صادا – ف ْرقَة ‪َ -‬وإِ ْر َ‬
‫صاد – م ْر َ‬
‫لَبِال ِْم ْر َ‬
Heavy or Light Raa’
•
ِ
‫صر‬
‫م‬
ْ
Surat Yūsuf:21,99 - Surat Az-Zukhruf:51 - Surat Yūnus:87
when stopping on the Raa’ heavy or light is
right
• ‫الْ ِقطْر‬
Surat Saba’:12
when stopping on the Raa’ heavy or light is
right
• ‫فِْرٍق‬
Surat Ash-Shūraá: 63
when continuing the reading heavy or light
is right.
My best wishes for success
Teacher Moshira