Study Sheet 1st edition Fall – 2018 Art History I
Dark and difficult times lie ahead Harry …
Break this quote down – what does it mean? Make sure you include
a definition of “art theory.”
“To see something as art requires something
the eye cannot decry - an atmosphere of artistic
theory, a knowledge of the history of art:
an artworld.”
Arthur C. Danto; philosopher/art theorist.
Woman from Willendorf, Paleolithic, 22,000-21,000 bce
Recovered in Austria.
Bird-Headed Man with Bison - Well Scene from Lascaux,
Paleolithic, c. 15,000-13,000 bce
An early example of a narrative scene
What is the Neolithic Revolution?
The earliest known farming communities
are dated to c. 9000 bce.
Located in England
Stonehenge, Neolithic,
3000 bce – 1500 bce
Art reflects this change in the interests of
Humans… from Hunter Gatherers… to food
producers and humanity’s subsequent
dependence on the seasons. Humans
develop agriculture and animal husbandry.
Walls of Jericho,
Neolithic, c. 5000 bce
Plastered Skulls of
Jericho, Neolithic,
c. 5000 bce
A forerunner of portraiture.
Walls of Jericho,
Neolithic, c. 5000 bce
Flood Tablet
Fragment of the
Epic of Gilgamesh
Neo-Assyrian
c. 650 bce
The tablet describes how the god sent a flood to destroy the mankind.
Ut-napishtim was warned in secret by the God Ea to build a boat to
ensure the survival of humans and animals. Birds were released before
the boat landed safely on mountain Nitsir northern Assyria. Versions of
this story are known from at least 1000 years before.
From the library of the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal II at Kouyunjik
(Nineveh), Mesopotamia, Iraq. 7th century BCE. The British Museum, London.
Cuneiform
Akkadian/
Assyrian
https://www.ancient.eu/image/4821/flood-tablet-of-the-epic-of-gilgamesh/
From Sumerian
origins… one of the
earliest known
literary works.
Sumer, Cuneiform and Egypt , Hierogylphics are considered good candidates for
earliest written language.
Votive Statues
From the Abu
Temple (Square
Temple) at Tell
Asmar, Iraq
Sumerian
c. 29002600 bce
Palette of Narmer, Early Dynastic Egyptian,
c. 3000 - 2950 bce
Djoser s
Funerary
Complex,
(Earliest known Egyptian
Monumental stone architecture)
Old Kingdom Egyptian
c. 2667-2648.
Designed credited to Imhotep.
Imhotep is the first architect in
History to be identified.
Stepped-pyramid of Djoser-The first known pyramid.
The Great Pyramids of Giza, from left to right The pyramids of Menkaura, (aka: Mycerinus),
Khafra (aka: Chefren, Khafre), and the oldest and
actually the largest, at the right, is Khufu s;
Old Kingdom Egyptian, c. 2613-2494 bce.
The smaller pyramids in the front are Older and not counted among
the greats.
Khafra Seated
Old Kingdom Egyptian,
c. 2520 - 2494 bce
Menkaura and Khamerernebty,
Old Kingdom Egyptian,
c. 2490 - 2472 bce
Less important
personage so can be
more naturalistic.
Kai the scribe,
Old Kingdom Egyptian,
c. 2494-2345 bce
Egyptians are credited with
developing the clerestory.
A clerestory is a row of
windows just below the
roof line which allows light
into an interior space.
Reconstruction of the hypostyle hall,
Great Temple of Amun, Karnak,
New KingdomEgyptian, c. 1292-1190 bce
A sanctuary is a sacred
enclosed space dedicated
to worship.
Hypostyle hall - marked by numerous rows of tall, closely spaced
columns. In ancient Egyptian architecture, a large interior room of
a temple complex preceding the sanctuary.-Stokstad
hypostyle hall from the
Great Temple of Amun, Karnak,
New Kingdom Egyptian, c. 1292-1190 bce
Hatshepsut Kneeling
Deir el-Bahri
New Kingdom Egyptian
c. 1473 – 1458 bce
Funerary Temple of Hatshepsut, Deir
el-Bahri, New Kingdom Egyptian, c. 1473-1458 bce
Designed by Senenmut.
Queen Tiy
New Kingdom Egyptian
c. 1352 bce
Colossal Figure of Akhenaten
Temple of Karnak
New Kingdom Egyptian
c. 1353 – 1336 bce
Nefertiti
New Kingdom Egyptian
c. 1353 – 1336 bce
Tutankhamun s
funerary mask,
New Kingdom,
c. 1332-1322 bce
Temple of Ramses II
Abu Simbel, New Kingdom Egyptian, c. 1279 – 1213 bce
Palace at Knossos, Minoan, c. 1700 - 1450 bce
Bull Leaping, Minoan,
from the palace at Knossos, c. 1500 bce
Lion Gate, Mycenae, c. 1300-1250 bce
Mask of Agamemnon , from Grave Circle A , Mycenae,
c. 1600-1550 bce
Discovered by Heinrich Schliemann
http://www.archaeology.org/9907/etc/mask.html
Dome from interior of the treasury at Atreus, Mycenae, c. 1300-1250 bce
Largest humanmade enclosed space until c. 118 ce, when the Pantheon is built.
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/angk/hd_angk.htm
Homer
c. 850 bce
Credited with the Iliad and the Odyssey
“Blind Poet and Bard”
The Greek Dark Ages,
lasted from c. 1100-900 bce
they ended with the
growth in commerce surrounding
ceramics.
Dipylon Krater (Vase), from the Dipylon cemetery,
Geometric Greek, c. 740 bce
Write all of this down:
A kouros figure is a standing male nude figure with one foot
Stepping forward, shown as between the ages of approximately
17 and 21, used as a grave marker.
Where have you seen this pose before?
* Anavysos Kouros figure,
Archaic Greek,
c. 530 bce
A kore figure is a
standing female
votive figure dedicated
to a god or goddess and
usually found in a
temple. They are
clothed and NOT
used as grave markers.
Peplos Kore,
From the Acropolis,
Athens
Archaic Greek,
c. 530 bce
Painted Kore,
From the Acropolis,
Athens
Archaic Greek,
c. 510 bce
The Temple of Hera I at
Paestum (Italy), also known
as the Basilica, is an archaic
Doric temple constructed
ca. 550 BCE. The temple is
peripteral with 9×18
columns. The temple was a
part of a larger enclosed
sanctuary to Hera, a
Heraion, that also
encompassed the later
Temple of Hera II.
Temple of Hera I, Paestum, Italy, Doric, Greek, c. 550 bce
https://www.ancient.eu/image/4443/temple-of-hera-i-paestum/
Temple of Hera II, Early Classical, 450 bce
Don’t worry about
Memorizing all the
Style elements but do
Note the differences in
Capitals and bases.
Athens was
Sacked by the
Persians in
479 bce
First known instance of true
Contrapposto.
The Classical period is marked
By the defeat of the Persians by
An alliance of Greek City-Sates
(The Delian League).
Who was Perikles?
Aspasia?
Sappho?
Socrates?
Plato?
Know what contrapposto means.
Kritios Boy
Classical Greek
c. 480 bce
Parthenon, Classical Greek, Iktinos and Kallikrates, c. 447-438 bce
Who wrote the Canon?
What is it about?
What does it have to do with this statue?
<<<<
Roman
Copy
Polykleitos
Doryphoros
Classical Greek
c. 450 bce
Re-creation of Pheidias’s
Huge Gold Ivory
Classical Greek
c. 432 bce
Riace Warrior
Classical Greek
c. 450 bce