9. Accent: Two Syllables
24. Nouns: Stem
10. Accent: More Than Two Syllables
31. The 1st Declension
11. Quantity of Syllables: Short
Syllables
32. The 1st Declension: Masculine
12. Quantity of Syllables: Long
Syllables
33. The 1st Declension: Feminine
13. Quantity of Syllables Note: x, z,
h, u
Text, pg 6 *What declension is a
noun whose genitive singular ends in
-ae?
1a
[Nouns]
Stem
The stem is found by dropping the
ENDING of the GENITIVE
SINGULAR.
vi-ae, stem: viThe First Declension
----------------- SINGULAR ---------------____Form __Meaning _____(Use)
Nom: terr-a = land, the (a) land (S)
Gen: terr-ae = of the (a) land (P)
Dat: terr-ae = to or for the (a) land (IO)
Acc: terr-am = the (a) land (DO)
Abl: terr-ā = by, with, from the (a) land (OPr)
------------------ PLURAL ------------------____Form ___Meaning ____(Use)
Nom: terr-ae = lands, the lands (S)
Gen: terr-ārum = of the lands (P)
Dat: terr-īs = to or for the lands (IO)
Acc: terr-ās = lands, the lands (DO)
Abl: terr-īs = by, with, from the lands (OPr)
[The First Declension]
Gender
a. All nouns naming individual male
persons are masculine.
nauta, ae, a sailor, masculine.
(Sailors are usually men.)
[The First Declension]
[Gender]
b. All others are feminine.
terra, ae, land, feminine.
All nouns whose genitive ends in ae are in the first declension.
Accent
a. In words of two syllables the
accent is on the first.
vi'a; be'llum
[Accent]
b. In words of more than two
syllables, if the second last syllable
is long it is accented; otherwise the
accent is on the third last syllable.
vidē'runt; a'gmĭne
Quantity of Syllables
a. A syllable is short if it contains a
vowel that is short by nature or that
is followed by another vowel or
diphthong.
regĕre; glorĭa
[Quantity of Syllables]
b. A syllable is long if it contains a vowel
that is long by nature or a vowel that is
followed by two consonants other than
a mute (c, g, p, b, t, d) or f followed by a
liquid (r, l).
studēre; regendus
[Quantity of Syllables]
Note
x and z each count as two
consonants (cs and ds); h and the u
in qu do not count as consonants.
1b
Text, pg 10(a) The subject of a finite
verb is in which case?
Text, pg 16 The possessive and many
English -of phrases are translated by
which case?
Text, pg 10(b) Verb Agreement
Text, pg 13 What case is the direct
object of a transitive verb in?
Text, pg 14 Where does the verb
usually stand in the sentence?
Text, pg 15 Where do adverbs
usually stand in a sentence?
2a
The possessive and many English -of
phrases are translated by the
genitive case.
The subject of a finite verb is in the
nominative case.
Rule: A finite verb agrees with its
subject in number (and person).
Rule: The direct object of a transitive
verb is in the accusative case.
Rule: The verb usually stands last in
the sentence.
Rule: Adverbs usually stand
immediately before the word they
modify.
2b