The cerebellum is part of the hindbrain, within the central nervous system. It is smaller than the
cerebrum, and it is located near the brainstem, below the occipital lobe of the cerebrum. The cerebellum
plays a major role in balance, movement, coordination or motor control, timing of movement, and fine
motor skills. The cerebellum also has an important role in learning and emotional response.
The sinoatrial node, or sinus node, is located on the wall of the right atrium. It has the ability to
spontaneously produce an electrical signal to make the heart beat(the “signal node”)
Sphincters:
keeps the stomach contents within the stomach.​There is a smooth muscle sphincter at the entry and
exit points of the stomach. The esophageal, or cardiac sphincter is located between the stomach and the
esophagus.
another name for the adrenal glands: suprarenal. ​“Ad” and “Supra” both refer to their position above
something. In this case, above the kidneys.
Appendix is ​small tubular appendage located at the junction of the small and large intestine. ​The
appendix is a small (3-4 inches on average) fingerlike projection connected to the cecum, which is at the
junction of the small intestine and large intestine.
The phrenic nerves (left and right) carry sensory and motor nerve fibers from the C3-5 nerve roots down
to the diaphragm. The phrenic nerve doesn’t innervate the lungs directly, but innervates the diaphragm to
facilitate breathing. Irritation of the phrenic nerve leads to hiccups.
The proximal row of the carpal bones articulates with the radius and articular disc.
The liver is the accessory organ of the digestive system that functions to produce bile, metabolize lipids,
and store glycogen. the gallbladder doesn’t produce bile, it stores it, concentrates it, and secretes it when
needed.
The islets of Langerhans in the pancreas produce insulin (in the beta cells) and glucagon (in the alpha
cells).
The hypothalamus links the nervous system and endocrine system together by signaling the pituitary
gland to release or inhibit the release of certain hormones
Capillary permit gas exchange through their vessel walls.​ Capillaries are the smallest vessels in the
body and have very thin walls that allow for an exchange of fluids, nutrients, hormones, and waste
products