Chapter Test Study Guide
UNDERSTANDING CELLS:
 How are molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms
related? Be able to put them in to order from least to most complex and explain each
one.
CELL PARTS:
Be able
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to name, give a function, and identify in a picture the following parts:
Cell (plasma) membrane
Nucleus
nucleolus
centrioles
mitochondria
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi (body) apparatus
Ribosomes
Chloroplast
cell wall
vacuole
cytoplasm
lysosomes
cytoskeleton
chromatin
nucleolus
COMPARISION:
 What is a prokaryote?
 A eukaryote?
 How are prokaryotes and eukaryotes different?
 How are plant, animal, and bacterial cells alike and different?
 What organelles are found only in plants?
 Only in animals?
 How are cilia and flagella different?
Cell Membrane:
 A phospholipid?
 What are cell membranes made out of?
 What is a lipid bilayer?
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How are peripheral and integral proteins different?
How do the non-polar hydrophobic tails/polar hydrophilic heads in a phospholipid play a
role in cell membrane formation?
Describe the structure of the cell membrane and identify the macromolecules present
Relate the permeability of the cell membrane to its structure
Explain the role of proteins in the cell membrane
Explain how polarity, solubility, and size determine whether a substance will pass
through the cell membrane
Know which types of substances can move into a cell by simple diffusion
Know which types of substances require facilitated diffusion to move into a cell
Know which types of substances require ion channels to move into a cell
Passive Transport
□ Distinguish between diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion
□ Use solute and/or solvent to determine solution concentration
□ Be able to define and correctly use the following terms as they relate to cell
transport: diffusion, osmosis, concentration gradient, equilibrium, solute, solvent,
hypertonic, isotonic, hypotonic
□ Use the terms above to explain and/or predict movement in given situations (what
direction will water move if a cell is surrounded by a specific concentration of solute,
etc.)
□ Interpret diagrams to describe net movement of materials across a membrane
□ Explain the results of the labs in the unit.
Active Transport
□ Explain why active transport is called active
□ Describe the operation of the sodium-potassium pump
□ Describe the process of endocytosis and exocytosis
□ Differentiate between phagocytosis and pinocytosis
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