LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
LESSON INTRODUCTION
Get Ready
Do you agree or disagree?
•
Even though they look very different, oxygen
and sulfur share some similar properties.
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Vocabulary
Watch out for these words!
• nonmetal
• halogen
• noble gas
• metalloid
• semiconductor
LESSON INTRODUCTION
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
LESSON INTRODUCTION
What do you expect to
happen to something when
a flame is placed against it?
Burn or melt
Why doesn’t this flower
melt?
An insulator is
underneath it!
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Visual Check: To what group do the outlined elements
belong?
metalloids
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
A metalloid is an element that has physical and chemical
properties of both metals and nonmetals.
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Silicon is the most abundant metalloid in the universe.
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Like metals, metalloids conduct electricity at high
temperatures.
Like nonmetals, metalloids stop electricity from flowing at
low temperatures.
This property of metalloids is called acting as a
semiconductor: conducting electricity at high
temperatures but not at low temperatures
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Semiconductors are useful in electronic devices such as
computers, televisions, and solar cells.
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Latin Word Origin: semiconductor
semi = half
conducere = to bring together
How does this word origin relate to the meaning of the
term semiconductor?
Half metal / half nonmetal
Brings metals and nonmetals together on the P.T.
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Knowing the position of an element on the periodic table
can help you find a proper use for an element.
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Example: Which would be a better building material?
Cs
OR
Too Reactive!
Fe
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Example: Which would be a better insulator?
Mg
OR
Metal conductor
S
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Example: Which elements are more chemically similar?
Mg & S
OR
O&S
Same group!
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Knowing the properties of each group on the periodic
table can help you to select appropriate substances for
different purposes.
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Connect It: What can you infer from the positions of
polonium and bismuth on the periodic table?
solids, heavier, maybe brittle, less metallic properties
LESSON
3
Nonmetals and Metalloids
LESSON WRAP-UP
Lesson Review
Do you agree or disagree?
Even though they look very different, oxygen and
sulfur share some similar properties.
Agree. Oxygen and sulfur are both nonmetals
from group 16. Although their physical properties
are somewhat different, they have chemical
properties in common.