AP Biology
Chapter 11:
Cell Communication
Use the following chart to review the major concepts of cell communication.
Describe the evolution of cell signaling.
Explain the process of communication
between cells at greater distances. Be
specific
Describe how cells near each other
communicate. Be specific!
Generally define the stages of
cellular communication.
In signal reception describe the
interaction between a signal
molecule and a ligand.
How are tyrosine-kinase receptors
different from G-protein?
Describe G-proteins, G-protein
receptor and their roll in
reception. BE SPECIFIC!
Explain how tyrosine kinase and
tyrosine-kinase receptors function.
Explain ligand-gated ion channels and
explain how they work in reception.
Describe how the following function as
signal receptors. Describe their
structure and give example.
Steroid hormones
Thyroid hormones
Nitric oxide
How does the activated hormonereceptor protein turn on genes?
What is the benefit of a multistep
pathway?
Describe the function of protein
kinases in the transduction process.
What is the function of second
messengers to the signaling pathway?
Describe cyclic AMP and give specific
examples of how it works as a second
messenger.
Describe how calcium ions and inositol
trisphosphate function as second
messengers.
Cell response to signals usually results
in regulating cellular activities. List
and explain specific cellular activities
controlled by signals.
Define and explain signal amplification
Relate specificity to cell signaling.
What are scaffolding proteins and what
is their function?
Describe how the cell cycle is regulated
and discuss one consequence of
abnormal regulation.*
Compare the cell-signaling mechanisms
of steroid hormones and protein
hormones.*
Cells regulate both protein synthesis
and protein activity. Discuss two
specific mechanisms of protein
regulation in eukaryotic cells.*
*Indicate portions of previous FRQs