Chapter 5 Test Review
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
46. Kinases and cyclins are internal factors that
50. Which statement describes the chromosome shown
a. cause apoptosis.
in Figure 5.2?
b. control the cell cycle.
c. cause cancer cells to break away.
d. prevent mitosis.
47. Multicellular organisms use mitosis for growth,
development, and
a. apoptosis.
b. repair.
c. reproduction.
d. interphase.
48. Before a cell can move from the G or G stage to the
next stage of the cell cycle, it must grow and
a. double in size.
b. duplicate its DNA.
c. complete interphase.
d. pass a critical checkpoint.
49. A hormone present in the blood can stimulate the
growth of certain cells. The hormone is acting as
a(n)
a. oncogene.
b. carcinogen.
c. daughter cell.
d. external factor.
a.
b.
c.
d.
It is made up of two histones.
It is made up of two chromatids.
It is made up of two centromeres.
It is made up of two telomeres.
51. A plant's leaf consists of
a. a group of organs.
b. various types of tissue.
c. organs that form a system.
d. many identical cells.
52. The most common form of reproduction among
prokaryotes is
a. sexual reproduction.
b. binary fission.
c. budding.
d. fragmentation.
53.
The process shown in figure 5.3 is ___.
a. the cell cycle
b. mitosis
54. Which of the following statements is true of
cytokinesis?
a. takes place in plant cells only
b. completes the cell cycle
c. cytokinesis
d. meiosis
c. organizes DNA
d. occurs during prophase
55. Which sequence shows the progression from least
complex structure to most complex structure?
a.
b.
c.
d.
cell
organ
cell
tissue
organ system
organ system
tissue
organ
tissue
organ
organ system
organ system
organ
cell
tissue
cell
56. Starfish that reproduce by splitting into pieces are
reproducing by
a. binary fission.
b. vegetative reproduction.
c. budding.
d. fragmentation.
57. Which of the following is a direct result of a normal
cell's ability to express only certain genes?
a. Cells can become totipotent.
b. Cells can grow and reproduce.
c. Cells can mutate and adapt.
d. Cells can differentiate and specialize.
58. What is the main difference between binary fission
and mitosis?
a. There is no DNA replication in binary fission.
b. Two parents are required for mitotic
reproduction.
c. Binary fission occurs in single-celled
organisms only.
d. Mitosis takes place only in sexual reproduction.
59. Which of the following is true of malignant
tumors?
a. They do not require treatment.
b. They are easily removed through surgery.
c. They can cause tumors in other parts of the
body.
d. They contain cells that stay clustered together.
60. If a cell cannot move enough material through its
membrane to survive, then the ratio of its surface
area to volume is
a. too large.
b. just the right size.
c. too small.
d. growing too quickly.
61. Which phrase best describes an organ system?
a. group of specialized cells that forms organs
b. group of cells that differentiates at the same
rate
c. group of tissues that performs a function
d. group of organs that work together
62. During which of the following stages shown in
Figure 5.1 does cytokinesis take place?
a.
b.
c.
d.
gap 1
synthesis
gap 2
mitosis
63. Molecules that control the stages of the cell cycle in
all eukaryotes are similar. This fact suggests that
a. binary fission and mitosis are the same.
b. rates of cell division are uniform.
c. cells of eukaryotes rarely divide.
d. eukaryotes share a common ancestry.
64. The gap 1, gap 2, and synthesis stages of the cell
cycle make up
a. interphase.
b. telophase.
c. cytokinesis.
d. mitosis.
65. Which statement about the process of binary fission
is true?
a. It does not involve the division of cytoplasm.
b. It does not require any duplication of DNA.
c. It does not take place in multicellular
organisms.
d. It does not produce genetically identical
offspring.
66. Offspring that are genetically unique are the result
of
a. mitotic reproduction.
b. asexual reproduction.
c. sexual reproduction.
d. vegetative reproduction.
67. During interphase a cell grows, duplicates
organelles, and
a. copies DNA.
b. divides the nucleus.
c. divides the cytoplasm.
d. produces a new cell.
68. Cells in a developing embryo differentiate based on
a. their location in the embryo.
b. symmetry in the first division.
c. their particular DNA.
d. secretions from the embryo.
71. Stem cells are important to multicellular organisms
because of their
a. capacity to differentiate.
b. tendency to maintain homeostasis.
c. potential to become totipotent.
d. ability to relocate.
69. What does a cell make during the synthesis stage of
the cell cycle?
a. more organelles
b. a copy of DNA
c. daughter cells
d. greater surface area
72. Which of the following statements is true of
asexual reproduction?
a. It produces few offspring.
b. It produces genetically identical offspring.
c. It produces genetic diversity.
d. It produces offspring that are resistant to
antibiotics.
70. Which of the following is an example of an internal
factor that controls the cell cycle?
a. growth factor
b. kinase
c. cell-cell contact
d. erythropoietin
73. During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids
separate from each other?
a. prophase
b. metaphase
c. anaphase
d. telophase
74.
Place the stages in Figure 5.3 in the correct order.
a. CDBA
c. CACD
b. ABCD
d. BCAD
75. One difference between a cancer cell and a normal
cell is that
a. cancer cells divide uncontrollably.
b. normal cells divide uncontrollably.
78.
c. cancer cells cannot make copies of DNA.
d. normal cells cannot make copies of DNA.
76. Vegetative reproduction, budding, and
fragmentation are examples of
a. asexual mitotic reproduction.
b. reproduction through binary fission.
c. prokaryotic colony formation.
d. increased genetic variation.
77. Which organism is capable of reproduction through
asexual mitosis?
a. horse
b. oak tree
c. bacterium
d. starfish
If a tumor is malignant, then cancer cells from the
tumor
a. are harmless.
b. remain clustered together.
c. can form more tumors.
d. create more carcinogens.
79. Which statement is true of the chromosome shown
in Figure 5.2?
a.
b.
c.
d.
a. Its telomeres have been shortened due to
repeated cell division.
b. Its left and right halves carry identical genetic
information.
c. Its sister chromatids have spindle fibers
attached.
d. Its centromere has been lost during the copying
of DNA.
80. During which of the following stages shown in
Figure 5.1 does the cytoplasm of a cell divide?
division of the cytoplasm
division of the nucleus
division of DNA
division of surface area
84. Why do the cells lining the stomach divide more
quickly than those in the liver?
a. They are much smaller cells.
b. They have fewer chromosomes.
c. They need much more surface area.
d. They undergo more wear and tear.
85. Substances known to produce or promote cancer
are called
a. carcinogens.
b. kinases.
c. cyclins.
d. malignancies.
86. In a single-celled organism, mitosis is used for
a. development.
b. reproduction.
c. growth.
d. epair.
87. What is the term for the programmed death of
cells?
a. kinase
b. cyclin
c. carcinogen
d. apoptosis
a.
b.
c.
d.
gap 1
synthesis
gap 2
mitosis
81. During the gap 1 stage of the cell cycle, a cell
a. splits into two new cells.
b. carries out its normal functions.
c. duplicates its DNA.
d. divides its cytoplasm.
82. Which type of stem cell can grow into any other
cell type?
a. somatic
b. multipotent
c. totipotent
d. pluripotent
83. Which of the following phrases best describes
cytokinesis?
88. In which stage of the cell cycle do the nucleus and
its contents divide?
a. synthesis
b. gap 1
c. mitosis
d. gap 2
89. Which statement is true about the rates of cell
division in eukaryotes?
a. They remain the same for the life of the
organism.
b. They are faster than that of prokaryotes.
c. They increase with the age of the organism.
d. They vary greatly within an organism.
90. Before a cell can proceed to mitosis from the gap 2
stage of the cell cycle, it must
a. double in size.
b. complete a full cell cycle.
c. undergo cytokinesis.
d. pass a critical checkpoint.
b. hormones and enzymes.
c. phosphates and enzymes.
d. proteins and platelets.
91. Which phrase best describes cancer?
a. absence of cyclins
b. multiple gene mutations
c. uncontrolled cell growth
d. presence of genetic defects
92. Which of the following limits the maximum size of
a cell?
a. the stage of the cell cycle
b. the ratio of cell surface area to volume
c. the number of mitochondria in the cell
d. the size of the organism
93. The processes of mitosis and cytokinesis produce
two identical
a. daughter cells.
b. strands
c. chromosomes.
d. chromatids.
94. Two internal factors that are important in advancing
the cell cycle are
a. kinases and cyclins.
Matching
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
95. Which is the term for the group of proteins that
organizes and condenses long strands of DNA into
tight coils?
a. telomeres
b. centromeres
c. chromatids
d. histones
96. One difference between a cancer cell and a normal
cell is that
a. cancer cells can divide in the absence of growth
factors.
b. cancer cells continue in the G0 stage
indefinitely.
c. cancer cells cannot copy DNA during the
synthesis phase.
d. cancer cells are killed by radiation and
chemotherapy
97. anaphase
98. telophase
99. metaphase
100. prophase