Chapter 12 Services Study Guide (pg 430-455)
AP HuG -Varley
--For all the following, be able to define/explain and have examples when applicable.
Chapter 12 Services KI #1 and #2 – pg 430 - 441
 Service
 Settlements
o Definition
o % covering earth’s surface
 Why are services clustered?
 Services - % of GDP in most MDC’s
 3 types of services (Business, Public, Consumer)
o Define
o Specific Examples
 Which consumer service in the U.S. has had a recent rapid increase
 What happened to the service sector in 2008?
 Difference in distribution of consumer services vs business services
 Central Place Theory
o Who created it
o Market Area/Hinterland
 What is it?
 How does “nodal region” relate?
o Pattern/Shape – Figure 12-9
o Range
 Definition
 Differences in range of different services
 How do people think about distance? Time or linear measurement?
o Threshold
 Definition
 Differences in thresholds for different services
o Figure 12-11 – Look at the overlapping hexagons. What do they represent?
 Rank-Size Rule
o Definition
o What is the equation used to determine it?
o Example
 Primate-city Rule
o Definition
o Primate city is?
o Example
 What does rank-size rule indicate for a country? How about a country that does not follow ranksize rule?
 Gravity model
 Read - Contemporary Geographic Tools: Locating a New Department Store
 Periodic Market
o Definition
o Examples? Any examples here in Lincoln?
Food for Thought after reading Ch. 12 Services KI #1 and #2 pg. 430-441
1. Picture Lincoln, NE in your mind. Where are different services located and what types of services
are they (consumer, business, public)? Do any specific services cluster in one specific area?
Chapter 12 Services Study Guide (pg 430-455)
AP HuG -Varley
Chapter 12 Services KI #3 and #4 – pg 442 - 455
 What are “global cities”? What role do they play in business services?
 Due to a disproportionately large number of wealthy people living in global cities, what products
and services might you find in those cities?
 Would Washington D.C. be considered a global city? Explain?
 LDC’s involvement in Business Services
o 2 areas of specialization
o Offshore financial services – why do people use them?
o Amount of bank assets in the Caymans?
o Why select developing countries for back-office purposes?
 Basic vs. Nonbasic industries
o Definition
o Difference between the two
o Which one can stimulate the other
 Specialization of cities in different services
 Cultural diversity and the attraction of talent
 Rural Settlements - Dispersed or Clustered
o Define
o Differences
o Of the world population, who lives where (urban/rural)?
 Types of the Clustered Rural Settlements
 Enclosure Movement
 Origins of Services
o Early Consumer Services
o Early Public Services
o Early Business Services
 What % of Earth’s population lived in urban settlements in 1800? How about today?
 Settlements may have originated where? Which is part of what ….?
 What parts of the world did these early urban settlements diffuse to?
 City-State
 Rapid Growth of Urban Settlements
o Urbanization
o What happened in 2008?
o Developed vs developing – How much of the population lives in urban areas?
o Why have rural residents moved to urban areas over the past 200 years?
o Out of the 10 most populous cities in the world, how many are in developing countries?
 Louis Wirth – 3 characteristics of a city
Food for Thought after reading Ch. 12 Services KI #3 and #4 pg. 442-455
1. List as many basic industries in Lincoln. How have these helped nonbasic industries?
***The FRQ on the Unit 6 Exam will NOT be from this chapter.