NAME _______________________________
Section 1
15
Section 2
35
Section 3
20
Section 4
35
Section 5
20
TOTAL
PERCENT
HCS
1070
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Black Gold Outreach School | Black Gold Regional Schools
125
This resource is an adaptation of materials and information developed by
Frank Spragins Outreach School, Bozeman Science video clips, WebMD, the
Mayo Clinic and Your Body and How It Works Science Reproducible Activity
Book.
2
Student Assignment Booklet | HCS 1070
HCS 1070: The Respiratory System
Student Assignment Booklet
SECTION 1: A BREATH OF FRESH AIR – THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
④
Multiple Choice – Read each statement and choose the best answer.
1.
What is the respiratory system?
a) The body’s breathing system
b) The body’s system of nerves
c) The body’s food-processing system
d) The body’s blood-transporting system
2.
What is the function of the respiratory system?
a) To provide the body with the enzymes and hormones needed to
function.
b) To exchange gases between the external environment and the body’s
cardiovascular system
c) To provide the body with essential nutrients
d) All of the above
3.
To go on living, the body’s cells need food, water, chemicals and _____.
a) carbon dioxide
b) hemoglobin
c) vitamins
d) oxygen
4.
The sole activity of the respiratory system is breathing.
a) True
b) False
HCS 1070 | Student Assignment Booklet
3
⑤
5.
How long can people live without food? __________________________
How long can people live without water? _________________________
How long can people live without oxygen? _______________________
Explain this difference. _______________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
②
6.
What are the two main functions of the respiratory system.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
④
7.
Fish are able to breathe underwater. Explain how this is possible and
how this process of respiration differs from human respiration.
(Hint: View the Bozeman Science video.)
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
4
Student Assignment Booklet | HCS 1070
SECTION 2: WHO “NOSE” THE PARTS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
⑪
1. Label the parts of the respiratory system.
1. ______________________
7. ______________________
2. ______________________
8. ______________________
3. ______________________
9. ______________________
4. ______________________
10. ______________________
5. ______________________
11. ______________________
6. ______________________
HCS 1070 | Student Assignment Booklet
5
⑤
2.
What is the more common name for each of these parts of the
respiratory system?
a) Trachea _______________ b) Nasal Cavity ______________
c) Cilia _________________ d) Pharynx __________________
d) Larynx _______________
⑧
3.
Match each part of the respiratory system to the correct phrase.
____ bronchi
____ lungs
____ alveoli
____ diaphragm
____ pharynx
____ epiglottis
____ larynx
____ nasal cavity
a) a large muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal
cavity and helps with breathing
b) a tube that carries air down to the trachea
c) these tubes transport air into the lungs
d) a flap over the trachea that keeps out food
e) the major organs of the respiratory system where gas exchange
takes place
f) the space at the end of each bronchiole enclosed by a multitude of
air pockets
g) folds of tissue that produce sounds when air passes through them
h) one of the ways oxygen can enter the body
6
Student Assignment Booklet | HCS 1070
③
4.
List the three jobs done by the blood vessels, cilia, and mucus in the
nasal cavity.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
⑧
Multiple Choice – Read each statement and choose the best answer.
5.
Air can enter the body and travel to the lungs ___________________.
a) through the mouth and nose.
b) through the esophagus and sinuses.
c) through the windpipe and pores.
d) through the nose and the nervous system.
6.
After working outdoors in the garden, you come indoors and blow your
nose to find dirt in the mucus. What function of the respiratory system
is your nose performing?
a) adding moisture to the air
b) filtering the air
c) warming the air
d) causing an allergic reaction
7.
The nasal cavities empty into the ____________.
a) larynx
b) trachea
c) pharynx
d) epiglottis
HCS 1070 | Student Assignment Booklet
7
8.
The epiglottis opens only during ____________________.
a) inhalation
b) exhalation
c) speaking
d) swallowing
9.
The __________________ is held open by c-shaped cartilaginous rings.
a) larynx
b) trachea
c) epiglottis
d) bronchial tubes
10. What happens to the trachea before it reaches the lungs?
a) It branches in two directions.
b) It branches in three directions.
c) It vibrates and creates sounds.
d) It closes up so that no oxygen can escape.
11. The bronchi branch into smaller passages called _________________.
a) alveoli
b) bronchioles
c) microtrachea
d) eustachian tubes
12. The lungs are enclosed by the ____________________.
a) bronchiole membranes
b) pleural membranes
c) diaphragm
d) sternum
8
Student Assignment Booklet | HCS 1070
SECTION 3: WHAT IS BREATHING?
⑫
Multiple Choice – Read each statement and choose the best answer.
1.
What important activity takes place in the lungs?
a) Food is digested.
b) Liquid waste is filtered from the blood.
c) Oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide.
d) Carbon dioxide binds on to the hemoglobin in the red blood cells.
2.
When we breathe in, we inhale many gases, including oxygen. What
happens to the gases that the body can’t use?
a) They are exhaled.
b) They are changed into oxygen by the process of diffusion.
c) They circulate through the body and are absorbed by body tissue.
d) They are absorbed into the digestive system and used to create
energy.
3.
Which of the following is the correct pattern of airflow during inhalation?
a) nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
b) pharynx, bronchi, trachea, lungs
c) nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchioles, bronchi
d) larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
4.
During inhalation, the following occurs:
a) diaphragm muscles contract
b) intercostal muscles contract
c) the lungs expand and air rushes in
d) all of the above
HCS 1070 | Student Assignment Booklet
9
5.
Contraction of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm cause the chest
cavity to __________ and the air pressure in the lungs to __________.
a) expand; increase
b) contract; increase
c) contract; decrease
d) expand; decrease
6.
During expiration, _______________ pressure in the chest cavity
causes air to leave the lungs.
a) increased
b) decreased
c) pneumatic
d) hydraulic
7.
In a relaxed state, the diaphragm is ___________________.
a) horizontally flattened
b) folded like a map
c) V-shaped
d) dome-shaped
8.
The diaphragm and intercostal muscles are ________________ when
expiration occurs.
a) contracted
b) relaxed
c) flexed
d) both relaxed (diaphragm) and contracted (intercostal muscles)
10
Student Assignment Booklet | HCS 1070
9.
The breathing center _______________________________.
a) is stimulated by oxygen levels.
b) is located in the chest cavity.
c) sends nerve impulses directly to the alveoli.
d) is located in the medulla.
10. The rate of breathing is primarily controlled by the _____________.
a) demand for carbon dioxide by the tissues.
b) concentration of oxygen in the blood.
c) demand for oxygen by the tissues.
d) concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood.
11. The aortic and carotid peripheral chemoreceptors respond to changes in
the concentration of _________________.
a) carbon dioxide
b) hemoglobin
c) oxygen
d) carbonic acid
12. When blood levels of carbon dioxide rise, the rate and depth of
breathing __________________.
a) decreases
b) increases
c) stays the same
d) stops
HCS 1070 | Student Assignment Booklet
11
⑧
True/False – Mark each statement true (T) or false (F). If the statement is
false, replace the bolded word(s) to make it true.
13. ____
Air flows in the process of pulmonary ventilation because of
pressure differences between the atmosphere and the gases
inside the lungs.
___________________________________________________
14. ____
Intrapleural pressure is the pressure inside the alveoli of the
lungs while intraalveolar pressure is the pressure within the
pleural cavity.
_________________________ _________________________
15. ____
The amount of air that is exchanged during one respiratory
cycle varies with age, sex, size, and physical condition.
___________________________________________________
16. ____
As the chest cavity increases in size, the lungs expand and air
is forced out.
___________________________________________________
17. ____
Hyperventilation is breathing that is too slow or too shallow to
meet the body’s needs.
___________________________________________________
12
Student Assignment Booklet | HCS 1070
SECTION 4: RESPIRATION – WHAT IS IT?
⑨
1.
Name and describe the three phases of respiration.
a) ____________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
b) ____________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
c) ____________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
⑤
2.
Fill in the blank boxes with chemical formulas and names to complete
the equation for cellular respiration.
+6
+6
6
6
+6
+6
+
+
HCS 1070 | Student Assignment Booklet
13
④
3.
Explain how both the digestive system and the cardiovascular system
work with the respiratory system in the sequence for respiration.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
⑧
True/False – Mark each statement true (T) or false (F). If the statement is
false, replace the bolded word(s) to make it true.
4.
____
The exchange of gases between the blood and tissue cells is
external respiration.
___________________________________________________
5.
____
Cells continuously use up oxygen in cellular respiration.
___________________________________________________
6.
____
During internal respiration, hemoglobin gives up carbon dioxide
to the cells.
___________________________________________________
7.
____
Carbon dioxide diffuses out of blood into the alveoli.
___________________________________________________
8.
_____ Blood comes into the pulmonary capillaries as oxygenated and
alveolar air is deoxygenated.
_________________________ _________________________
14
Student Assignment Booklet | HCS 1070
⑨
Multiple Choice – Read each statement and choose the best answer.
9.
The exchange of gases between inhaled air and blood is referred to as
_______________________.
a) cellular respiration.
b) external respiration.
c) internal respiration.
d) cardiovascular respiration.
10. Nearly all of the oxygen is carried in the blood as _________________.
a) gaseous oxygen
b) becarbonate
c) oxyhemoglobin
d) erythroglobin
11. Which gas is carried mostly by the plasma?
a) carbon dioxide
b) oxygen
c) both carbon dioxide and oxygen
d) neither carbon dioxide or oxygen
12. __________________ refers to the exchange of gases between blood in
systemic capillaries and tissue cells.
a) Internal respiration
b) External respiration
c) Cellular respiration
d) Cardiovascular respiration
HCS 1070 | Student Assignment Booklet
15
13. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and the
alveoli is governed by ___________________.
a)
b)
c)
d)
gravity
blood pressure
diffusion
active transport
14. Blood flowing into lung capillaries has a higher concentration of
__________________ than the air in the lungs.
a)
b)
c)
d)
oxygen
carbon dioxide
both oxygen and carbon dioxide
water
15. During ______________ respiration, hemoglobin combines with oxygen
in the lungs.
a)
b)
c)
d)
internal
external
cellular
cardiovascular
16. Blood in systemic capillaries is bright red because ______________.
a)
b)
c)
d)
red
red
red
red
cells
cells
cells
cells
lack oxyhemoglobin
contain oxyhemoglobin
contain carbon dioxide
lack carbon dioxide
17. Each alveolar sac is surrounded by ______________________.
a)
b)
c)
d)
arterioles
venules
capillaries
pleural membranes
16
Student Assignment Booklet | HCS 1070
SECTION 5: PATHOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF RESPIRATORY
CONDITIONS
⑳
In your student coil module booklet, the following eight respiratory diseases
were introduced.




Asthma
COPD
Bronchitis
Cystic Fibrosis




Emphysema
Pneumonia
Tuberculosis
Lung Cancer
Another five respiratory disorders covered in the video clip “Respiratory
Diseases”, were not taught in the student coil module booklet. Use this
video clip and independent research skills to complete the following chart for
the five missing respiratory conditions.
NAME
1.
SYMPTOMS
CAUSES
TREATMENTS
2.
HCS 1070 | Student Assignment Booklet
17
NAME
3.
SYMPTOMS
4.
5.
18
Student Assignment Booklet | HCS 1070
CAUSES
TREATMENTS