LVDT Principle of Operation Page 1 of 2 LVDT PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION COLLINS TECHNOLOGIES When an AC excitation signal is applied to the Primary Coil (P), voltages are Main Menu induced in the two Secondary Coils (S). The MAGNETIC CORE inside the COIL WINDING ASSEMBLY provides the magnetic flux path linking the Primary and secondary Coils. Since the two voltages are of opposite polarity, the Secondary Coils are connected series opposing in the center, or Null Position. The output voltages are equal and opposite in polarity and, therefore, the output voltage is zero. The Null Position of an LVDT is extremely stable and repeatable. When the MAGNETIC CORE is displaced rom the Null Position, an electromagnetic imbalance occurs. This imbalance generates a differential AC output voltage across the Secondary Coils which is linearly proportional to the direction and magnitude of the displacement. As shown in the figure, when the MAGNETIC CORE is moved from the Null Position, the induced voltage in the Secondary Coil, toward which the Core is moved, increases while the induced voltage in the opposite Secondary Coil decreases. LVDTs possess the inherent ruggedness and durability of a transformer and truly provide infinite resolution in all types of environments. As a result of the superior reliability and accuracy of LVDTs, they are the ideal choice for linear motion control. Multi-Layer Insulation Collins Technologies manufactures all LVDTs with the stringent quality standards required for spacecraft, missiles, supersonic aircraft and high grade commercial and industrial control systems. We adhere to superior material standards and utilize manufacturing techniques not ordinarily considered in commercial LVDT production. Special winding techniques must be used to ensure superior stability, linearity and repeatability in the most hostile environments. It is standard practice at Collins Technologies to layer-wind the LVDT coils, as opposed to random winding often found on low-grade transducers. Precision layer winding incorporates insulation between each layer of wire and constant control of the tension and spacing of the wire. This technique provides added protection from dielectric breakdown, stability under the effects of vibration, acceleration, mechanical and thermal shock, and insures unit-to-unit consistency. Experience has proven that the cost of these techniques is easily offset by the resultant consistency, reliability and long life so vital to modern control systems. http://www.lvdtcollins.com/lvdt/lvdt.htm 10/3/2003 LVDT Principle of Operation Page 2 of 2 The LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) is an electrometic device that produces an electrical voltage proportional to the displacement of a movable Magnetic Core. The LVDT is composed of these basic components: A COIL WINDING ASSEMBLY consisting of a Primary Coil and two Secondary Coils symmetrically spaced on a tubular center. A CYLINDRICAL CASE which encloses and protects the Coil Winding Assembly. A rod shaped MAGNETIC CORE which is free to move axially within the Coil Winding Assembly. A separate shield is used for ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELDING. Helpful Terms a CURTISS-WRIGHT company 5875 Obispo Avenue, Long Beach, CA 90805 | (562) 531-6500 Fax: (562) 6339030 Copyright © Collins Technologies 2003, All rights reserved This website designed and maintained by Townbiz http://www.lvdtcollins.com/lvdt/lvdt.htm 10/3/2003