Third WMO Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison
of RA II
(Tokyo, 23 January – 3 February 2012)
N. Ohkawara (Japan)
H. Tatsumi (Japan)
O. Ijima (Japan)
H. Koide (Japan)
S. Yamada (Japan)
Instruments and Observing Methods
Report No. 113
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FOREWORD
Traceability of observational data to recognized international standards is essential to
ensure the accuracy and equivalence of measurements made at different locations around
the globe, and it is ensuring such traceability that is one of the key objectives of the
Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation. In the case of solar radiation
measurements, all measurements, no matter when or where they are made, must be
traceable back to the World Radiometric Reference if we are to hold complete confidence
in their veracity. This traceability is established through a hierarchy of instrument
intercomparisons.
At the highest level, each five years, secondary standard pyrheliometers from all WMO
Regions assemble at the World Radiation Centre in Davos, Switzerland, to undergo direct
intercomparison with the World Standard Group during the WMO International
Pyrheliometer Comparison (IPC), in order to establish the traceability of measurements
from these secondary standard instruments to the WRR.
Having established the traceability of the secondary (regional) standards at IPC,
regional intercomparisons are held in turn, wherein other instruments from around the
region are intercompared directly with the regional standards, so transferring the
traceability of measurements from all those participating instruments back to the WRR.
Many pyrheliometer intercomparisons have been held within Regional Association II
over the last decades to establish the traceability of instruments from one country or
another in the Asian region to the WRR. However the beginning of 2012 saw instruments
from five Asian countries assemble together in Tsukuba, Japan to participate in the Third
WMO Regional Pyrheliometer Intercomparison of RA II.
This report describes this latest RA II intercomparison: the participants (from WRC,
Japan, Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea, and Thailand), the intercomparison itself and the
results. That all participating instruments except one were found to be well-maintained and
highly accurate is a credit to all those who participated, and we can now be confident that
solar radiation measurements made in these Asian region countries are reliable and
dependable.
I wish to express my sincere gratitude, particularly to the Japan Meteorological Agency
and the staff of its Regional Radiation Centre in Tsukuba, but also to the participants from
WRC, Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea and Thailand, for the success of this latest
intercomparison. I also thank all of those in RA II who have worked to make these regional
intercomparisons a regular occurrence in recent years and I wish them every success with
their continuation in the years to come.
(Prof. B. Calpini)
President
Commission for Instruments and
Methods of Observation
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part I
THIRD WMO REGIONAL PYRHELIOMETER COMPARISON OF RA II
1. INTRODUCTION
1
2. LOCATION OF COMPARISON SITE
1
3. PARTICIPANTS
2
4. INSTRUMENTS
2
5. OUTLINE OF COMPARISON
3
5.1. Equipment and Facilities
3
5.2. Data Acquisition Method
3
5.3. Measurement Procedures
3
5.4. Daily Comparison Schedule
4
6. IRRADIANCE CALCULATION
4
7. DATA EVALUATION PROCEDURES
6
8. COMPARISON RESULTS
7
9. CONCLUSIONS
9
REFERENCES
9
Appendix
A: Area Map
10
B: List of Participants
11
C: Layout of Equipment and Facilities
12
D: Block Diagram of the Data Acquisition System
13
E: One-day Measurement Sequence
14
F: Data Sampling Cycle
15
G: Synchronization Diagram for Data Acquisition
16
H: Measurement Values for Each Instrument
17
I: Plot Figures of Measurement Values
27
J: Meteorological Data
29
K: Relationship between Reference Irradiances and Auxiliary Data
32
i
L: Group Photo of Participants
33
M: Activities of the Regional Radiation Centre, Tokyo
34
Part II
CALIBRATION OF A REFERENCE PYRANOMETER FROM KOREA
1. BACKGROUND
35
2. METHOD OF CALIBRATION AND DATA ACQUISITION
35
3. PYRANOMETER CALIBRATION FACTOR DEFINITION
35
4. DATA EVALUATION PROCEDURE
35
5. CALIBRATION RESULTS
35
Appendix
N: Measurement Values for Each Instrument
37
O: Plot of Measurement Values
40
ii
Part I
THIRD WMO REGIONAL PYRHELIOMETER COMPARISON OF RA II
(Tokyo, 23 January – 3 February, 2012)
1.
INTRODUCTION
The third Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison (RPC-III) of the World Meteorological
Organization (WMO) Regional Association (RA) II was held from 23 January to 3 February,
2012, in Tsukuba, Japan, with the participation of experts with pyrheliometers from Hong
Kong, the Republic of Korea, Thailand, Japan and the World Radiation Centre (WRC) in
Davos, Switzerland.
Through RRC Tokyo, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) serves as a WMO RA
II Regional Radiation Centre (RRC) together with RRC Pune in India, and maintains regional
standard pyrheliometers to ensure the traceability of solar radiation measurements in RA II
against the World Radiometric Reference (WRR). An expert from RRC Tokyo participated in
the Eleventh International Pyrheliometer Comparison (IPC-XI) held from 27 September to 15
October, 2010, at the WRC (WMO, 2011). It was confirmed that RA II regional standard
pyrheliometers had been maintained satisfactorily, and new WRR factors were determined
for these instruments. IPC-XI simultaneously covered Regional Pyrheliometer Comparisons
(RPCs) for all WMO Regional Associations. However, experts from only three Members
(China, the Philippines and Thailand) other than the Pune (India) and Tokyo (Japan) RRCs
participated from RA II.
At RRC Tokyo, RA II regional standard pyrheliometers are compared every year to
check the stability of individual instruments in line with a recommendation made by the
Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation (CIMO). Together with this event in
2012, JMA offered RA II Members unable to attend IPC-XI the opportunity to compare their
national standard pyrheliometers with the RA II regional standards to ensure traceability with
the WRR. Experts from Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea and Thailand participated in this
comparison, and the WRC also sent an expert to support related activities.
The session was a success, producing positive results thanks to the close
collaboration and hard work of the participants. This report presents the results of
intercomparisons conducted over a period of eight days with good weather conditions. On
cloudy days, country reports, technical visits to JMA's auxiliary organs (the Meteorological
Research Institute, the Meteorological Instruments Center and the Aerological Observatory)
and training in radiation measurement were scheduled.
2.
LOCATION OF COMPARISON SITE
RPC activities took place at the Tsukubasan Keisei Hotel located halfway up the
southeast side of Mt. Tsukuba in Japan’s Ibaraki Prefecture. This is an isolated 877-meterhigh mountain about 70 km northeast of Tokyo. The site was selected as the venue for the
first RPC of RA II/V (RPC-I) in 1989 (WMO, 1989) after consideration of the conditions
necessary for pyrheliometer intercomparison by WMO experts.
Address: 1 Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan
Longitude: 140° 7.5’ E
Latitude: 36° 12.9’ N
Altitude: 560 m above sea level
1
A map of the area around Mt. Tsukuba is shown in Appendix A.
3
PARTICIPANTS
Representatives from three RA II countries (Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea and
Thailand) and experts from the WRC and JMA (including RRC Tokyo) participated in the
comparison.
Participants
John Kai Wing Chan
(Hong Kong Observatory, Hong Kong, China)
Seong-Chan Park
(Korea Meteorological Administration, Republic of Korea)
Soo-Ho Ryu
(Korea Meteorological Administration, Republic of Korea)
Yong-Joo Lee (Korea Meteorological Industry Promotion Agency, Republic of Korea)
Il-Sung Zo
(Gangneung-Wonju National University, Republic of Korea)
Sumridh Sudhibrabha
(Thai Meteorological Department, Thailand)
Wolfgang Finsterle
(World Radiation Centre, Member of the Expert Team on Standardization, CIMO)
Shingo Yamada
Head of RRC Tokyo (JMA Headquarters, Japan)
Hiroshi Koide
Staff member of RRC Tokyo (JMA Headquarters, Japan)
Nozomu Ohkawara
Staff member of RRC Tokyo (JMA Headquarters, Japan)
Hiroshi Tatsumi
Staff member of RRC Tokyo (JMA Headquarters, Japan)
Osamu Ijima
(Ozone and Radiation Division, JMA Aerological Observatory, Japan)
Kensuke Ishii
(Aerosol Observation Section, JMA Headquarters, Japan)
Akinori Ogi
(Aerosol Observation Section, JMA Headquarters, Japan)
Makoto Matsumoto
(Aerological Observations Division, JMA Aerological Observatory, Japan)
Itaru Uesato
(Ozone and Radiation Division, JMA Aerological Observatory, Japan)
A list of main participants and contact addresses is shown in Appendix B.
4
INSTRUMENTS
One absolute pyrheliometer from Thailand, two from Hong Kong and the Republic of
Korea, three from the WRC and four (as regional and national standards) from JMA were
compared. The model names, serial numbers, owners and instrument types were as follows:
Instrument
PMO6-CC
No. 0401 (WRC)
Absolute cavity radiometer (active type)
PMO6-CC
No. 0803 (WRC)
Absolute cavity radiometer (active type)
AHF
No. 32455 (WRC)
Absolute cavity radiometer (passive type)
PMO6-CC
No. 0403 (Japan)
Absolute cavity radiometer (active type)
AHF
No. 32446 (Japan)
Absolute cavity radiometer (passive type)
2
PMO6-CC
No. 0102 (Hong Kong)
Absolute cavity radiometer (active type)
PMO6-CC
No. 0809 (Hong Kong)
Absolute cavity radiometer (active type)
PMO6
No. 951202 (Republic of Korea) Absolute cavity radiometer (active type)
AHF
No. 36014 (Republic of Korea) Absolute cavity radiometer (passive type)
AHF
No. 34322 (Thailand)
Absolute cavity radiometer (passive type)
PMO6
No. 811107 (Japan)
Absolute cavity radiometer (active type)
PMO6
No. 960801 (Japan)
Absolute cavity radiometer (active type)
During the comparison, ancillary data (air temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric
pressure and wind speed/direction) were obtained from an automatic weather station (AWS).
A precision filter radiometer (PFR) was used to determine aerosol optical depth (AOD) at four
wavelengths (368 nm, 412 nm, 500 nm and 862 nm). These data were used for screening in
data evaluation procedures. The auxiliary instruments are listed below.
Auxiliary instruments
AutoMet466A No. R7214
Automatic weather station
PFR
Sunphotometer
No. 37
5
OUTLINE OF COMPARISON
5.1.
Equipment and Facilities
Flat benches, automatic active sun trackers, a data acquisition system, a voiceannouncement and buzzer system (to indicate the start and end of measurements), an AWS
(consisting of a thermometer, a hygrometer, a barometer, a wind vane and an anemometer)
and a power supply (100/220 V, 50 Hz) were set up on the rooftop of the venue. The
pyrheliometer and sunphotometer sensors were mounted on five sun trackers.
The layout of the equipment and facilities is shown in Appendix C.
5.2.
Data Acquisition Method
Digital data from the controllers of PMO6-CCs and AHFs were acquired by all
members via a dedicated personal computer. Each member converted the data into the set
format after daily observations and stored them on USB flash memory.
Analog signals from the controller of three PMO6s were acquired and stored
immediately on a dedicated personal computer with a multi-channel analog data logger by
JMA staff.
A block diagram of the data acquisition system and data flow is shown in Appendix D.
5.3.
Measurement Procedures
The sequence of measurements of a sample day is shown in Appendix E. Each set
of measurements, referred to as a series, was composed of 13 data readings taken at 90second intervals. Accordingly, the collection of one series took 18 minutes. The data
sampling cycle for each instrument is shown in Appendix F, and the synchronization of
measurements was performed by voice announcements and buzzers from a computer as
shown in Appendix G. The instruments were controlled and operated by the participants on
their own as described below.
3
(a) PMO-type absolute pyrheliometers (PMO6, PMO6-CC)
Each series started when the shutter closed, and PMO-type absolute
pyrheliometer measurement was then carried out by opening and closing the shutter
every 90 seconds. PMO6s were operated manually by opening and closing the shutter
in synchronization with voice announcements and buzzers. PMO6-CCs were
synchronized at the beginning of data series measurement and operated
automatically from that point onward.
Irradiance data were acquired from measurements taken in the open phase and in
the closed phase immediately before and after the open phase. Six sets of data taken
at intervals of three minutes were therefore acquired in one series.
(b) HF-type absolute pyrheliometers (AHFs)
Zero adjustment and self-calibration were carried out before each series. A zeropoint reading was taken first while the shutter was closed, and the shutter was then
opened to determine the irradiance level. After the reading of the thermopile output,
the shutter was closed again. The heater was then turned on and its voltage/current
and thermopile output were read when the current reached a level similar to that of the
thermopile output. These operations were performed automatically via program
control.
After the calibration, the heater was turned off and the shutter was opened for
measurement. The thermopile output was read every 90 seconds, and 13 sets of
irradiance data were acquired in each series.
5.4.
Daily Comparison Schedule
Generally, the daily schedule was as follows:
06:30 – 08:20 The instruments were taken from the storage room to the rooftop, set up
and connected. After inspection of the automatic active sun trackers,
pyrheliometer alignment and the connection from the observation
instruments to the data logger and computers etc., the instruments were
allowed to warm up for at least 30 minutes.
08:30 – 15:30 Depending on suitable weather conditions, measurements were taken
(see Section 5.3.). Pyrheliometer alignment was checked on an ongoing
basis and fine adjustments were made using screws or similar where
necessary.
15:30 –
6
Measurement was ended and the instruments were returned to the
storage room. The participants from Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea,
Thailand and the WRC submitted measurement data, and the RRC
distributed the preliminary results of measurement to the participants. The
results were monitored every day to check the status of the instruments
and the measurement procedures.
IRRADIANCE CALCULATION
The procedure used to calculate the irradiance of each instrument type is described
below. The notations are as follows:
Symbols
S
direct solar irradiance [W m–2]
Vth
output of thermopile [V]
4
UH or UI
voltage across the heater (H) or across the standard resistor (I) [V]
RN
resistance of standard resistor []
C1
calibration factor
C2
correction factor for lead heating
P
electrical power in the active cavities [W]
Subscripts
irrad
value during irradiance measurement phase
cal
value during calibration phase
zero
value during zero adjustment in calibration phase
open
value during shutter-open phase
closed
value during shutter-closed phase
(a) PMO-type absolute pyrheliometers (PMO6, PMO6-CC)
PMO-type absolute pyrheliometers have a primary black body cavity for
measurement under conditions of exposure to the sun and a secondary black body
cavity for compensation. These cavities are thermally interconnected via a heat sink,
and the difference in temperature between them is kept constant by an electrical
heater attached to the cavity for measurement regardless of open or closed shutter
status.
When the shutter is opened for exposure to the sun, the electrical power needed to
maintain the temperature difference decreases because of irradiance heating. The
irradiance is in proportion to the difference between the open and closed shutters, and
is calculated using the following formula:
S = C1 (P(closed) – P(open))
P(closed) is averaged from the closed values recorded before and after the shutter is
opened. Power calculation was performed based on the instrument type using the
following formulas:
P = UH2
or
P = UH UI
or
P = UH UI/RN
(b) HF-type absolute pyrheliometer (AHF)
HF-type absolute pyrheliometers have a black body cavity for measurement under
conditions of exposure to the sun, as well as a thermopile and an electric heater.
Before each series, the shutter is closed, the heater current is turned on, and the
voltage UH(cal) across the heater, the voltage UI(cal) across the standard resistor RN and
the thermopile output Vth(cal) are then measured. The zero value of Vth(zero) is also
determined with the detector shaded and the electrical power switched off. After these
procedures (namely zero adjustment and self-calibration) that is applied to obtain the
proportional relationship between the quantity of heat added by the electrical heater
and the thermopile output, the irradiance is retrieved continuously based on the
thermopile output Vth according to the following formula:
Vth(irrad) – Vth(zero) UI(cal) 
UI(cal)
S = C1 V
UH(cal) – R C2
–
V
R


th(cal)
th(zero)
N
N
5
7
DATA EVALUATION PROCEDURES
The data evaluation procedures were essentially the same as those used at the
pervious RPC of RA II (WMO, 2009), the details of which can be found in WMO technical
documents (WMO, 1985). Below is a summary of the comparison procedures.
Step 1: The reference irradiances used to calibrate the national standard pyrheliometers
were calculated from the three WRC instruments (PMO6-CC: No. 0401, No.
0803; AHF: No. 32455) and the two regional standard instruments (PMO6-CC:
No. 0403; AHF: No. 32446) which participated in IPC-XI.
Step 1-1: Data selection for the reference instruments
In each comparison series, six potential reference irradiances obtained at even
running numbers of readings (i.e., j = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12; see Appendix F) when
irradiances could be measured by both reference instrument types were used for
reference irradiance calculation. All of the irradiance values obtained were
inspected carefully, and those deemed suspect due to instability or other
influences relating to unpredictability were deleted.
The following criteria were additionally applied to the selected data to get the
final results in RPC-III:
(1) No cloud or haze within 15 degrees of the sun
(2) Total cloud cover equal to or less than 1/8
(3) A solar elevation angle equal to or greater than 25 degrees
(4) A wind speed equal to or less than 4.5 m/s
(5) An AOD value at 500 nm equal to or less than 0.12
As for the wind speed, a criterion was determined so that the number of selected
data was large enough and irradiance variability of them was small enough to
produce reliable comparison results. For AOD, the criterion adopted in IPC-XI was
applied. Scatter plots showing the relationship between wind speeds and standard
deviations of reference irradiances with and without application of the AOD
criterion for every reading time are shown in Appendix K.
Step 1-2: Data selection for individual instruments in each series
If effective irradiances were obtained from more than two reference instruments
in each series, all data were averaged into tentative reference irradiances for every
measurement time. Data were selected only if those from each instrument were
within 2% of the tentative reference irradiance values for each measurement time.
Step 1-3: Series selection to obtain reference irradiances
All effective data were averaged again into tentative reference irradiances for
every reading time. Data evaluation was conducted for each reference instrument,
and the data measured using the reference instrument in a series were selected
only if all such measurement data in the series were within 0.2% of the tentative
reference irradiance values for each measurement time.
Step 1-4: Calculation of reference irradiances
The individual reference irradiance of the selected series for each
measurement time was the unweighted arithmetic mean of the effective reference
instruments.
Step 2: The instruments used were calibrated according to the reference irradiances
calculated as described in Step 1.
6
Step 2-1: Calculation of tentative mean irradiance ratios for the instruments used
Firstly, those irradiance data judged as doubtful by the participants were
rejected. The individual irradiances to the reference value were then calculated for
all instruments. Using these ratios, tentative mean ratios were calculated as
follows:
SR(1), SR(2), SR(3), ··· SR(n) selected data group of reference irradiances
Sa(1), Sa(2), Sa(3), ··· Sa(n)
1 n
Sa = n  Sa(i ) / SR(i )
i=1
selected data group of irradiances for instrument
a
tentative
mean
irradiance
ratio
Sa
for
instrument a
The number of data depended on the instrument.
Step 2-2: Data selection for the instruments used
Individual data that differed by more than 0.2% from the tentative mean were
rejected. It was considered that data deviations greater than 0.2% were excessive
and that the instrument was not stable enough in the series for comparison.
Step 3: Calculation of new WRR reduction factors for the instruments used
The final mean irradiance ratio was calculated from a selected data group for
each instrument used. The new WRR reduction factor WRRfNEW(X) should be
equivalent to the inverse of the final irradiance ratio.
WRR reduction factors were calculated from the following formula:
WRRfNEW(X) = WRR/SX
where
WRR: World Radiometric Reference
SX: irradiance measured using instrument X
8
COMPARISON RESULTS
A total of 70 series of measurements with 400 reference irradiances were obtained
over a period of eight days. By applying the data selection criteria defined in Section 7 (Step
1-1) for reference values, 214 irradiances (39 series) representing the WRR were finally used.
The comparison results are shown in Appendix H, which lists observation times, irradiances
by reference pyrheliometer group, reference irradiances (i.e., averages for each observation
time), irradiance values and ratios to the reference irradiances for each national and regional
standard pyrheliometer. Because a malfunction of output voltage was found for Japan’s
PMO6 (No. 811107) during the comparison, the WRR reduction factor was not calculated for
this instrument.
Plot figures for the comparison results are shown in Appendix I. The scatter plots
show the ratios to the reference irradiances, and the histograms show the distribution of
these ratios for each national and regional standard pyrheliometer. The number of data along
with the average and standard deviations of the ratios are also shown. The numbers in
parentheses represent totals, including those rejected as described in Step 2 of Section 7.
Auxiliary data for each series of measurements are given in Appendix J.
7
Results of pyrheliometer comparison (summary)
Instrument
Current
WRR Reduction
Factor
PMO6-CC
No.0401
WRC
C 1 : 50000.0 W m-2 V -2
PMO6-CC
No.0803
WRC
C 1 : 51221.0 W m-2 V -2
AHF
No.32455
WRC
PMO6-CC
No.0403
Regional Std.
AHF
No.32446
Regional Std.
PMO6-CC
No.0102
Hong Kong
PMO6-CC
No.0809
Hong Kong
PMO6
No.951202
Rep. of Korea
AHF
No.36014
Rep. of Korea
AHF
No.34322
Thailand
Standard
Deviation
Number
of
Data
New
WRR Reduction
Factor
Change Ratio
of
WRR Reduction factor
0.999873
0.000490
208
－
－
1.000239
0.000374
97
－
－
0.999777
0.000595
183
－
－
1.000201
0.000400
214
－
－
1.000006
0.000606
208
－
－
1.003003
0.000856
189(214)
0.997006
-0.03 %
1.001543
0.000862
206(214)
0.998459
－
1.003201
0.000719
153(161)
0.996809
-0.02 %
1.003041
0.000606
126(127)
0.996968
－
1.000641
0.000654
145(150)
0.999360
－
－
－
1.020979
(IPC-XI, 2010)
1.000364
(IPC-XI, 2010)
1.000276
C 1 : 20009.2 m-2
C 2 : 0.066 Ω
(IPC-XI, 2010)
1.000160
C 1 : 50489.5 W m-2 V -2
(IPC-XI, 2010)
1.000046
C 1 : 19986.9 m-2
C 2 : 0.066 Ω
(IPC-XI, 2010)
0.997262
C 1 : 51213.4 W m-2 V -2
(RPC-RAII 2nd, 2007)
－
C 1 : 50752.0 W m-2 V -2
(PMOD/WRC, 2008)
0.997014
C 1 : 51669.5 W m-2 V -2
(RPC-RAII 2nd, 2007)
－
C 1 : 19945.2 m-2
C 2 : 0.066 Ω
(EPLAB, 2010)
－
C 1 : 20009.2 m-2
C 2 : 0.066 Ω
(EPLAB, 2008)
PMO6
No.811107*
Japan
C 1 : 24.0095 W m-2 V -2
PMO6
No.960801
Japan
C 1 : 24.1869 W m-2 V -2
CMP22
No.090081
Rep. of Korea
Ratio
0.999910
－
－
－
(JMA, 2011)
0.999264
1.000995
0.000783
174(184)
0.999006
-0.03 %
1.019105
0.000928
113(124)
0.981253
－
(JMA, 2011)
－
K : 0.00963 mV W-1 m2
(Kipp&Zonen, 2009)
See Part II
*As a malfunction was found in the PMO6 unit (No. 811107) during comparison, the WRR reduction factor was not calculated
for this instrument.
8
9
CONCLUSIONS
The results of the regional pyrheliometer comparison can be summarized as follows:
(1) Within a given period, eight days worth of measurement data were acquired as
necessary and appropriate in good weather conditions.
(2) It was confirmed that the pyrheliometers involved in the comparison were
appropriately maintained and showed high accuracy except Japan’s PMO6 (No.
811107).
(3) New WRR reduction factors for national standard instruments were determined as
necessary to ensure the traceability of solar radiation measurements in each member
country/region.
(4) During the comparison, participants exchanged and shared scientific and
technological information on radiation measurement through country reports, technical
visits and training courses.
REFERENCES
WMO (2011); International Pyrheliometer Comparison IPC-XI Final Report, IOM report No.
108, WMO.
WMO (2009); Second WMO Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison of RA II, Instruments and
Observing Methods report No. 97, WMO TD-No. 1494.
WMO (1989); First WMO Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison of RA II and RA V, Instruments
and Observing Methods report No. 43, WMO TD-No. 308.
WMO (1985); Keynote Papers presented at the Third WMO Technical Conference on
Instruments and Methods of Observation (TECIMO-III), Instruments and Observing
Methods report No. 23, WMO TD-No. 51, 65 – 84.
9
Appendix A
Area Map
0
50 km
Mt. Tsukuba
877m
Tsukuba City
Narita
Tokyo
Sapporo
Sendai
Tokyo
Osaka
Fukuoka
10
Tsukuba
Appendix B
List of Participants
Mr. John Kai Win CHAN
Hong Kong Observatory
134A Nathan Road, Tsim Sha Tsui,
Kowloon, Hong Kong
Phone: +852-2926-8024
Fax:
+852-2375-3696
E-mail: jkwchan@hko.gov.hk
Dr. Wolfgang FINSTERLE
Physikalisch-Meteorologisches
Observatorium Davos
World Radiation Center
Dorfstrasse 33, CH-7260 Davos Dorf,
Switzerland
Phone: +41-81-417-5153
Fax:
+41-81-417-5100
E-mail: wolfgang@pmodwrc.ch
Mr. Seong-Chan PARK
Observation Policy Division
Observation Infrastructure Bureau
Korea Meteorological Administration
45 Gisnagchoing-gil, Dongiak-gu,
Seoul, Repubic of Korea
Phone: +82-2-2181-0696
Fax:
+82-2-2181-0709
E-mail: scpark@korea.kr
Mr. Shingo YAMADA
Director,
Atmospheric Environment Division
Global Environment and Marine Department
Japan Meteorological Agency
1-3-4 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo,
100-8122
Japan
Phone: +81-3-3287-3439
Fax:
+81-3-3211-4640
E-mail: shingo.yamada@met.kishou.go.jp
Mr. Soo-Ho RYU
Observation Policy Division
Observation Infrastructure Bureau
Korea Meteorological Administration
45 Gisnagchoing-gil, Dongiak-gu,
Seoul, Repubic of Korea
Phone: +82-2-2181-0707
Fax:
+82-2-2181-0709
E-mail: rysuho@korea.kr
Mr. Nozomu OHKAWARA
Atmospheric Environment Division
Global Environment and Marine Department
Japan Meteorological Agency
1-3-4 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo,
100-8122
Japan
Phone: +81-3-3287-3439
Fax:
+81-3-3211-4640
E-mail: ohkawara@met.kishou.go.jp
Mr. Yong-Joo LEE
Korea Meteorological Industry Promotion
Agency
45 Gisnagchoing-gil, Dongiak-gu,
Seoul, Repubic of Korea
Phone: +82-10-8958-7923
Fax:
+82-2-836-0360
E-mail: lyj2054@kmipa.or.kr
Mr. Hiroshi TATSUMI
Atmospheric Environment Division
Global Environment and Marine Department
Japan Meteorological Agency
1-3-4 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo,
100-8122
Japan
Phone: +81-3-3287-3439
Fax:
+81-3-3211-4640
E-mail: h-tatumi@met.kishou.go.jp
Mr. Il-Sung ZO
Gangneung-Wonju National University
Daehangno 120, Gangneung, 210-702,
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82-33-640-2324
Fax:
+82-33-640-2324
E-mail: zoilsung@sky.gwnu.ac.kr
Mr. Osamu IJIMA
Ozone and Radiation Division
Aerological Observatory
Japan Meteorological Agency
1-2 Nagamine, Tsukuba-shi,
305-0052,
Japan
Phone: +81-298-51-4127
Fax:
+81-298-51-5765
E-mail: ijima@met.kishou.go.jp
Ms. Sumridh SUDHIBRABHA
Ozone and Radiation Center
Meteorological Observation Bureau
Thai Meteorological Department
4353 Sukhumvit Road Bangna,
Bangkok 10260, Thailand
Phone: +662-398-9875
Fax:
+662-398-9875
E-mail: sumridh@metnet.tmd.go.th
11
Ibaraki,
12
Setting benches and tables
Pyrheliometers
Sunphotometer
Data acquisition system
Announcement system
•
•
•
Automatic weather station
Setting benches and tables
Pyranometer
Collimation tubes
Layout of the Equipment and Facilities (Rooftop of the Tsukubasan Keisei Hotel)
•
•
•
•
•
Exit
36° 13′ N
140° 07′ E
560m (above mean sea level)
The Tsukubasan Keisei Hotel
North
Appendix C
Appendix D
Block Diagram of Data Acquisition System
RS-232C
Control System
PMO6-CC 0401 (WRC)
USB Memory
RS-232C
Control System
PMO6-CC 0803 (WRC)
PC for PMO6-CC and AHF Data Acquisition
RS-232C
Control System
AHF 32455 (WRC)
RS-232C
Control System
PMO6-CC 0403 (Japan) Regional Standard
USB Memory
RS-232C
Control System
AHF 32446 (Japan) Regional Standard
PC for PMO6-CC and AHF Data Acquisition
RS-232C
Control System
PMO6-CC 0102 (Hong Kong, China) National Standard
USB Memory
RS-232C
Control System
PMO6-CC 0809 (Hong Kong, China) National Standard
PC for PMO6-CC Data Acquisition
USB Memory
RS-232C
Control System
AHF 34322 (Thailand) National Standard
PC for AHF Data Acquisition
USB Memory
RS-232C
Control System
AHF 36014 (Republic of Korea) National Standard
PC for AHF Data Acquisition
UH,IH,P
USB Memory
Control System
PMO6 951202 (Republic of Korea) National Standard
PC for PMO6-CC Data Acquisition
UH,IH,P
Control System
PC for Data Processing
PMO6 811107 (Japan) Regional Standard
Data Logger
UH,IH,P
Control System
PMO6 960801 (Japan) Regional Standard
Printer
13
14
①
10:00
10:30
3
3.0
11:00
11:30
12:00
-1min
6
7.5
⑤
8
9
T= 0.0min
90sec
Measurement start
7
11
Buzzer
T= 3.0min
13
One-day Measurement Sequence
Irradiance to be calculated
Irradiance to be calculated
-3sec
90sec
12
T= 1.5min
T= 1.5min
10
⑦
Measurement end
⑥
9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0 16.5 18.0
-15sec
5
6.0
④
T= 0.0min
-3sec
Buzzer
4
4.5
③
-15sec
-3min
Calibration
2
1.5
②
90sec
1
0.0
Measurement start
Calibration
9:30
Calibration
-5min
-5min
Time
9:00
Comparison Comparison Comparison Comparison Comparison Comparison Comparison
8:30
Setting
of the Instruments
6:30
-5min
1
-15sec
90sec
: announcement
Calibration
0.0
Irradiance to be calculated
T= 3.0min
-3sec
Buzzer
(see Appendix G )
(see Appendix F )
Measurement start
15:00
Taking the instruments off
Comparison
Submit of the data
⑬
Review and discussion
14:00
Appendix E
1
Rj
2
1.5
1
Rj
15
4
5
6.0
6
7.5
6
7.5
6
7.5
7
9.0
7
9.0
7
9.0
8
10.5
8
10.5
8
10.5
9
12.0
9
12.0
9
12.0
10
13.5
10
13.5
10
13.5
11
15.0
11
15.0
11
15.0
Irradiance to be calculated
Data Sampling Cycle
: Read, then close
3
4.5
5
6.0
5
6.0
•:
2
3.0
4
4.5
4
4.5
: Read, then open
1
Rj
1.5
3
3.0
3
3.0
Rj : Running number of reading
0.0
Time (min.)
2
1.5
Other Instruments (CMP22)
0.0
Time (min.)
HF Absolute Pyrheliometer (AHF)
0.0
Time (min.)
PMO Absolute Pyrheliometer (PMO6)
12
16.5
12
16.5
12
16.5
13
18.0
13
18.0
13
18.0
Appendix F
A2
-3 min
A1
-5 min
-1 min
A3
16
Ti-3 sec
Ti
Synchronization Diagram for Data Acquisition
Ti = 0 sec, 90 sec, 180 sec, 270 sec, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , 1080 sec (= 18 min)
A4: "Fifteen seconds before measurement."
A5: "Please open (close) the shutter."
Ti-15 sec
A4
Buzzer
A5
T=0
Measurement Start ..
Ti+3 sec
A1: "Measurement will start in five minutes."
A2: "Three minutes before measurement. Zero check and calibration start."
A3: "One minute before measurement."
Signal of Measurement
Signal of Start
Appendix G
25 Jan 2012
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
10:13:30
10:16:30
10:31:30
10:34:30
10:37:30
10:40:30
10:43:30
10:46:30
11:01:30
11:04:30
11:07:30
11:10:30
11:13:30
11:16:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:40:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
12:01:30
12:04:30
12:07:30
12:10:30
12:13:30
12:16:30
12:31:30
12:34:30
12:37:30
12:40:30
12:43:30
12:46:30
13:01:30
13:04:30
13:07:30
13:10:30
13:13:30
13:16:30
13:31:30
13:34:30
13:37:30
13:40:30
(hh:mm:ss)
Time
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
961.262
963.355
966.612
968.062
970.471
969.705
980.191
984.152
976.015
974.729
977.506
977.781
***
***
***
***
***
***
999.906
1001.856
1001.295
1001.243
999.375
994.005
981.436
982.131
992.473
990.727
989.135
987.940
987.797
988.553
986.909
987.787
988.420
984.459
971.063
972.340
971.268
965.468
961.578
954.003
935.686
923.465
927.856
930.183
0803
0401
***
***
***
***
***
***
979.459
983.118
975.178
973.793
977.294
976.915
***
***
***
***
***
***
999.402
1001.530
1000.965
1000.648
997.946
993.595
982.111
984.067
994.326
992.329
989.291
990.092
987.700
989.176
987.520
987.894
988.017
984.300
972.199
973.989
972.486
966.431
962.280
956.179
934.890
922.490
928.068
929.979
(W·m–2)
32455
962.054
964.184
966.335
967.475
971.025
970.305
979.707
984.107
975.986
974.346
978.166
977.836
986.788
990.418
990.368
985.968
989.418
996.169
999.770
1002.240
1001.660
1000.380
997.630
993.719
982.447
982.767
992.859
990.919
989.498
988.358
989.148
988.508
986.958
988.418
988.528
984.538
971.635
972.776
972.306
965.845
960.614
954.853
935.420
923.008
928.138
930.189
(W·m–2)
0403
***
***
***
***
***
***
979.131
983.344
975.528
975.013
978.174
976.117
987.297
989.783
988.306
985.306
988.199
995.932
1000.678
1001.817
1001.149
1000.631
999.090
995.080
982.641
983.177
993.736
991.337
989.790
989.617
989.516
987.663
986.650
988.346
986.508
984.526
970.695
972.739
971.745
965.301
960.622
954.607
934.593
922.348
928.016
929.825
(W·m–2)
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC PMO6-CC
AHF
PMO6-CC
AHF
961.658
963.770
966.473
967.768
970.748
970.005
979.622
983.681
975.677
974.470
977.785
977.163
987.042
990.101
989.337
985.637
988.809
996.051
999.939
1001.861
1001.267
1000.726
998.510
994.100
982.159
983.036
993.349
991.328
989.429
989.002
988.540
988.475
987.009
988.111
987.868
984.456
971.398
972.961
971.951
965.761
961.274
954.910
935.147
922.828
928.019
930.044
(W·m–2)
Average
965.330
966.970
969.720
971.460
972.780
972.020
984.640
985.200
979.330
979.060
979.020
982.050
988.130
993.380
986.070
988.940
994.140
997.050
1002.040
1004.090
1002.980
1004.280
1004.280
995.620
985.620
986.690
996.280
993.890
993.420
989.480
987.640
992.720
987.880
991.420
991.510
987.780
974.680
974.860
974.230
966.640
963.730
955.000
937.070
925.230
930.470
933.910
1.003818
1.003321
1.003359
1.003815
1.002093
1.002077
1.005123
1.001545
1.003744
1.004710
1.001263
1.005002
1.001102
1.003312
0.996698
1.003351
1.005392
1.001003
1.002101
1.002225
1.001711
1.003552
1.005778
1.001529
1.003524
1.003718
1.002951
1.002584
1.004034
1.000484
0.999089
1.004295
1.000882
1.003349
1.003686
1.003377
1.003379
1.001952
1.002345
1.000910
1.002555
1.000094
1.002056
1.002603
1.002641
1.004157
PMO6-CC 0102
Hong Kong,
China
–2
Ratio
(W·m )
17
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
963.160
966.880
969.210
969.460
971.330
970.260
982.550
984.570
977.580
977.530
977.870
980.320
987.790
991.930
986.560
988.470
992.050
996.320
1000.480
1002.900
1001.770
1002.750
1002.460
994.210
982.880
984.300
994.650
992.640
991.030
988.260
987.570
990.670
986.890
989.590
989.910
985.530
973.430
974.010
972.520
965.570
962.760
953.560
936.100
924.470
929.620
932.710
1.001562
1.003227
1.002832
1.001748
1.000599
1.000263
1.002989
1.000904
1.001951
1.003140
1.000087
1.003231
1.000757
1.001848
0.997193
1.002874
1.003278
1.000270
1.000541
1.001037
1.000502
1.002023
1.003956
1.000111
1.000734
1.001286
1.001310
1.001323
1.001619
0.999250
0.999019
1.002221
0.999879
1.001497
1.002067
1.001091
1.002092
1.001078
1.000585
0.999802
1.001546
0.998586
1.001019
1.001780
1.001725
1.002867
)
)
)
)
)
959.654
962.170
965.006
967.460
970.102
969.668
979.477
984.076
976.300
975.443
978.997
977.904
987.113
990.623
989.826
986.263
989.680
996.462
1000.830
1002.314
1001.572
1001.287
999.738
995.222
982.121
982.253
992.632
990.467
990.461
988.894
989.745
988.658
986.970
989.261
989.303
985.765
971.215
973.128
972.451
965.836
961.273
955.401
935.468
923.304
928.827
930.502
0.997916 )
0.998340 )
0.998482 )
0.999682
0.999334
0.999652
0.999852
1.000402
1.000639
1.000998
1.001239
1.000759
1.000071
1.000528
1.000494
1.000635
1.000881
1.000413
1.000891
1.000452
1.000304
1.000561
1.001230
1.001129
0.999961
0.999204
0.999279
0.999131
1.001044
0.999891
1.001219
1.000185
0.999960
1.001164
1.001452
1.001330
0.999812
1.000172
1.000514
1.000077
0.999999
1.000514
1.000343
1.000516
1.000870
1.000492
National Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC 0809
AHF 34322
Hong Kong,
Thailand
China
Ratio
Ratio
(W·m–2)
(W·m–2)
Appendix H, P.1
18
27 Jan 2012
11:10:30
11:13:30
11:16:30
936.667
941.026
945.018
934.461
940.414
943.476
943.385
951.624
950.154
962.814
958.424
965.305
970.022
969.940
966.071
964.937
966.295
966.193
966.367
960.966
954.268
957.454
950.052
951.665
947.897
954.462
923.669
922.271
916.574
924.537
925.895
920.719
921.434
929.203
934.329
931.878
930.827
26 Jan 2012
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
10:13:30
10:16:30
10:31:30
10:34:30
10:37:30
10:40:30
10:43:30
10:46:30
11:01:30
11:04:30
11:07:30
11:10:30
11:13:30
11:16:30
12:01:30
12:04:30
12:07:30
12:10:30
12:13:30
13:01:30
13:07:30
13:31:30
13:34:30
13:37:30
13:40:30
14:01:30
14:07:30
14:10:30
14:13:30
14:16:30
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
923.557
915.828
885.403
878.808
897.624
885.658
894.663
0803
0401
13:43:30
13:46:30
14:01:30
14:04:30
14:07:30
14:10:30
14:13:30
(hh:mm:ss)
Time
935.756
941.730
945.162
933.886
939.270
942.551
942.895
950.318
949.416
961.422
957.213
964.543
969.050
969.100
965.072
964.825
966.452
966.257
966.596
961.347
955.054
956.963
949.292
950.205
946.035
954.091
924.112
921.975
917.106
924.020
925.434
920.330
922.886
930.455
935.258
930.157
932.483
923.238
915.827
884.745
878.135
897.301
884.545
894.075
(W·m–2)
32455
936.430
941.021
944.631
935.080
940.550
944.261
943.831
951.842
950.112
963.254
959.033
965.975
970.285
970.095
965.694
965.374
966.245
966.155
966.485
960.384
954.593
957.483
950.092
951.282
946.241
955.243
924.858
922.378
917.547
924.828
925.858
920.787
921.857
929.519
933.599
931.349
931.379
923.558
916.167
885.432
879.481
898.424
885.402
895.003
(W·m–2)
0403
935.722
941.066
944.783
934.309
939.835
944.310
944.171
951.207
951.289
961.808
958.291
965.760
969.810
969.614
964.740
965.182
965.758
965.530
965.908
960.347
954.805
957.737
949.641
952.377
946.859
955.739
925.013
922.984
916.916
924.660
924.695
920.845
923.580
932.037
936.087
932.612
932.970
923.580
915.554
885.329
880.154
897.647
886.568
894.564
(W·m–2)
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC PMO6-CC
AHF
PMO6-CC
AHF
936.144
941.211
944.898
934.434
940.017
943.650
943.570
951.248
950.243
962.324
958.240
965.396
969.792
969.687
965.394
965.080
966.187
966.034
966.339
960.761
954.680
957.409
949.769
951.382
946.758
954.884
924.413
922.402
917.036
924.511
925.471
920.670
922.439
930.303
934.818
931.499
931.915
923.483
915.844
885.227
879.144
897.749
885.543
894.576
(W·m–2)
Average
938.800
944.230
947.750
936.000
943.630
946.600
945.710
953.290
952.980
965.060
961.250
968.210
972.680
972.560
968.900
967.800
969.290
969.590
968.530
965.280
957.190
962.190
952.790
956.760
950.920
957.500
928.390
926.500
919.310
927.650
927.410
923.210
922.610
929.830
936.870
933.830
933.020
925.900
919.170
886.540
880.630
900.830
889.170
897.150
1.002837
1.003208
1.003018
1.001676
1.003843
1.003126
1.002268
1.002147
1.002881
1.002843
1.003141
1.002915
1.002978
1.002962
1.003631
1.002819
1.003211
1.003681
1.002268
1.004704
1.002629
1.004993
1.003181
1.005653
1.004396
1.002740
1.004302
1.004443
1.002480
1.003395
1.002096
1.002758
1.000185
0.999491
1.002195
1.002502
1.001186
1.002617
1.003632
1.001483
1.001690
1.003432
1.004095
1.002877
PMO6-CC 0102
Hong Kong,
China
–2
Ratio
(W·m )
)
)
)
)
937.580
942.950
946.300
935.190
942.460
945.200
944.130
951.980
951.370
963.840
959.920
966.920
971.500
971.200
967.650
966.250
967.690
968.000
967.230
963.200
955.540
960.220
951.730
954.390
949.460
955.750
925.260
924.640
917.530
925.810
926.590
921.860
921.910
929.560
935.430
932.500
931.890
924.770
917.840
885.600
879.760
899.340
888.070
896.670
1.001534
1.001848
1.001483
1.000809
1.002599
1.001643
1.000593
1.000770
1.001186
1.001575
1.001753
1.001579
1.001761
1.001560
1.002337
1.001213
1.001555
1.002036
1.000922
1.002539
1.000901
1.002936
1.002065
1.003162
1.002854
1.000907
1.000916
1.002427
1.000539
1.001405
1.001210
1.001292
0.999426 )
0.999201 )
1.000654
1.001075
0.999974
1.001393
1.002179
1.000421
1.000700
1.001772
1.002853
1.002340
936.117
941.682
945.415
934.847
940.888
944.807
944.770
952.403
951.644
962.956
958.987
966.499
970.712
970.257
965.740
***
***
***
***
***
***
957.888
949.521
952.409
947.888
956.471
925.631
924.638
917.571
925.648
926.193
922.055
921.316
929.602
934.188
931.364
931.341
924.142
916.414
885.522
879.442
898.011
886.922
895.390
0.999971
1.000501
1.000547
1.000442
1.000926
1.001226
1.001271
1.001214
1.001475
1.000656
1.000779
1.001143
1.000949
1.000587
1.000358
***
***
***
***
***
***
1.000500
0.999739
1.001079
1.001193
1.001662
1.001317
1.002424
1.000584
1.001229
1.000781
1.001504
0.998782
0.999246
0.999326
0.999855
0.999385
1.000713
1.000622
1.000333
1.000339
1.000292
1.001557
1.000910
National Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC 0809
AHF 34322
Hong Kong,
Thailand
China
Ratio
Ratio
(W·m–2)
(W·m–2)
)
)
)
)
)
)
Appendix H, P.2
939.005
942.997
946.601
947.928
948.204
949.847
950.501
945.896
941.945
946.437
946.621
927.090
929.550
930.837
928.305
939.005
28 Jan 2012
11:01:30
11:04:30
11:07:30
11:10:30
11:13:30
11:16:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
19
29 Jan 2012
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
30 Jan 2012
09:31:30
939.412
928.108
929.918
932.329
929.788
939.192
943.163
946.634
947.305
948.235
950.436
950.666
945.434
942.103
945.944
946.064
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
948.081
948.357
944.702
947.836
948.285
950.460
961.354
962.089
964.253
963.600
960.813
958.648
947.377
948.224
943.364
935.666
934.492
935.084
932.174
934.257
923.455
920.933
913.623
909.580
905.802
907.814
908.896
0803
0401
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:40:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
12:01:30
12:04:30
12:07:30
12:10:30
12:13:30
12:16:30
12:31:30
12:34:30
12:37:30
12:40:30
12:43:30
12:46:30
13:07:30
13:10:30
13:13:30
13:16:30
13:31:30
13:34:30
13:37:30
13:40:30
13:43:30
(hh:mm:ss)
Time
***
926.557
929.396
930.857
928.510
938.773
942.733
947.083
947.509
947.627
950.083
949.350
943.881
941.205
945.265
945.988
947.218
947.653
944.518
947.571
947.761
949.882
961.385
962.066
964.418
963.445
960.672
958.351
946.633
947.760
942.330
***
934.819
933.886
931.251
933.860
923.617
920.721
913.548
908.471
905.285
907.881
908.978
(W·m–2)
32455
939.340
927.728
930.349
931.769
929.239
938.480
943.331
946.641
948.242
947.452
949.812
950.372
945.811
941.891
947.122
946.251
947.602
947.402
945.031
947.642
948.652
950.702
961.494
962.634
965.174
963.424
961.244
958.403
947.322
948.272
943.161
935.380
934.009
934.700
931.359
933.979
922.538
920.707
913.766
908.835
904.875
907.985
908.385
(W·m–2)
0403
938.728
928.243
928.720
932.328
927.829
938.599
942.824
946.433
947.450
946.622
949.615
949.955
946.596
941.479
947.431
946.328
946.834
946.562
944.432
947.135
948.109
950.501
961.111
962.741
963.457
962.811
961.180
958.578
946.728
947.318
943.145
935.783
934.806
934.086
931.343
932.881
922.072
919.752
913.971
908.054
905.259
907.660
908.464
(W·m–2)
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC PMO6-CC
AHF
PMO6-CC
AHF
939.121
927.545
929.587
931.624
928.734
938.810
943.009
946.678
947.687
947.628
949.959
950.169
945.524
941.725
946.440
946.250
947.434
947.493
944.671
947.546
948.202
950.386
961.336
962.382
964.326
963.320
960.977
958.495
947.015
947.893
943.000
935.610
934.532
934.439
931.532
933.744
922.920
920.528
913.727
908.735
905.305
907.835
908.681
(W·m–2)
Average
941.190
928.410
933.000
934.740
930.280
941.760
945.150
949.530
950.740
950.040
952.590
952.540
947.680
945.190
948.950
950.370
951.340
950.510
947.250
950.940
951.020
952.840
964.280
963.940
965.870
966.280
963.530
960.770
949.400
949.620
946.040
938.990
938.240
937.450
935.120
935.910
926.700
923.010
915.190
912.040
907.730
909.820
911.520
1.002203
940.510
927.620
931.300
932.960
928.790
940.310
943.970
948.060
948.970
948.970
951.430
951.510
946.660
943.480
947.460
948.910
949.890
949.250
945.970
949.690
949.730
951.770
962.950
962.270
964.560
964.690
962.280
959.580
947.940
947.830
944.760
937.360
936.190
936.040
933.330
934.200
924.940
922.310
913.470
911.000
906.140
908.710
910.360
1.001479
1.000081
1.001843
1.001434
1.000060
1.001598
1.001019
1.001459
1.001354
1.001416
1.001549
1.001412
1.001202
1.001864
1.001078
1.002811
1.002593
1.001854
1.001376
1.002263
1.001612
1.001456
1.001679
0.999883
1.000243
1.001422
1.001356
1.001132
1.000977
0.999933
1.001866
1.001871
1.001775
1.001713
1.001930
1.000488
1.002188
1.001936
0.999719
1.002492
1.000922
1.000964
1.001848
939.053
927.386
926.562
934.872
929.136
938.825
943.295
946.964
948.256
948.029
950.886
950.366
946.008
941.827
946.412
945.546
947.532
948.423
945.142
947.986
949.172
951.861
962.669
962.759
965.379
963.730
960.997
958.263
947.133
948.071
944.108
936.691
935.474
934.894
932.968
934.481
923.658
921.467
914.336
909.111
906.057
908.215
909.074
0.999927
0.999828
0.996746 )
1.003486 )
1.000433
1.000016
1.000303
1.000302
1.000601
1.000423
1.000976
1.000208
1.000512
1.000109
0.999971
0.999256
1.000104
1.000981
1.000499
1.000465
1.001023
1.001552
1.001387
1.000391
1.001092
1.000426
1.000021
0.999758
1.000125
1.000187
1.001175
1.001156
1.001008
1.000487
1.001542
1.000789
1.000799
1.001020
1.000666
1.000414
1.000830
1.000418
1.000433
National Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC 0809
AHF 34322
Hong Kong,
Thailand
China
Ratio
Ratio
(W·m–2)
(W·m–2)
1.000932 )
1.003672
1.003345
1.001665
1.003143
1.002270
1.003012
1.003222
1.002546
1.002770
1.002496
1.002281
1.003680
1.002652
1.004354
1.004123
1.003184
1.002730
1.003582
1.002972
1.002582
1.003063
1.001619
1.001601
1.003073
1.002657
1.002373
1.002519
1.001821
1.003224
1.003613
1.003968
1.003222
1.003852
1.002319
1.004095
1.002696
1.001601
1.003637
1.002678
1.002186
1.003124
PMO6-CC 0102
Hong Kong,
China
–2
Ratio
(W·m )
Appendix H, P.3
928.672
928.233
930.857
932.960
934.931
937.075
950.746
954.983
957.331
957.321
963.243
964.243
965.203
970.042
972.146
974.657
973.136
975.066
980.324
984.653
984.796
982.274
986.286
31 Jan 2012
09:31:30
09:34:30
09:37:30
09:40:30
09:43:30
09:46:30
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
10:13:30
10:16:30
10:31:30
10:34:30
10:37:30
10:40:30
10:43:30
10:46:30
11:01:30
11:04:30
11:07:30
11:10:30
11:13:30
20
929.278
928.738
931.179
933.630
935.280
937.931
951.976
955.568
957.999
958.169
963.281
964.721
965.841
970.823
972.634
975.375
973.594
975.455
980.917
985.249
985.339
983.578
986.969
942.093
941.162
939.472
945.764
945.524
955.098
949.906
952.977
960.089
957.518
946.744
953.847
961.190
966.602
968.652
971.784
972.734
973.194
958.819
969.323
961.450
984.268
979.346
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
941.138
940.556
939.086
945.651
945.365
954.717
949.255
952.533
959.322
957.239
945.845
953.819
960.415
966.061
968.092
971.002
972.462
972.646
958.985
968.062
960.323
983.438
978.741
0803
0401
09:34:30
09:37:30
09:40:30
09:43:30
09:46:30
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
10:13:30
10:16:30
10:31:30
10:34:30
10:37:30
10:40:30
10:43:30
10:46:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:40:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
(hh:mm:ss)
Time
928.069
926.980
930.379
932.077
933.794
935.818
952.027
955.081
957.920
957.955
963.393
963.684
965.632
970.157
972.255
974.983
972.511
975.506
981.059
985.403
984.446
983.008
986.769
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
972.736
958.309
968.550
961.055
983.981
978.274
(W·m–2)
32455
929.409
927.688
932.179
932.829
934.920
937.860
952.232
955.213
958.483
958.593
963.854
964.044
965.845
970.775
972.326
975.456
973.446
975.986
981.187
986.008
984.918
983.517
987.448
942.571
941.141
940.921
946.481
944.901
955.023
950.502
952.722
959.503
957.763
946.241
953.893
961.154
966.275
968.385
971.495
971.795
972.776
959.083
970.355
961.804
984.297
979.277
(W·m–2)
0403
929.039
927.974
931.609
933.667
934.763
938.870
952.123
955.207
958.870
959.296
963.648
964.711
965.792
970.661
972.377
974.740
973.638
976.005
981.247
985.529
984.444
983.412
987.918
941.128
940.184
940.323
946.993
944.069
954.178
949.870
953.042
958.862
956.882
947.026
953.080
960.973
966.224
967.563
970.634
972.039
972.400
957.980
970.247
962.198
983.650
978.948
(W·m–2)
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC PMO6-CC
AHF
PMO6-CC
AHF
928.893
927.923
931.241
933.033
934.737
937.511
951.821
955.210
958.121
958.267
963.484
964.281
965.663
970.492
972.347
975.042
973.265
975.604
980.947
985.368
984.788
983.158
987.078
941.733
940.761
939.950
946.222
944.965
954.754
949.883
952.818
959.444
957.351
946.464
953.660
960.933
966.290
968.173
971.229
972.258
972.750
958.635
969.307
961.366
983.927
978.917
(W·m–2)
Average
931.110
930.800
935.000
936.410
936.940
938.960
955.190
959.600
959.780
961.340
966.340
968.400
970.320
973.650
975.100
977.980
977.860
978.490
984.700
988.100
990.030
984.280
988.870
944.360
944.920
943.700
949.030
949.460
958.450
952.640
954.800
962.190
960.470
946.780
955.740
961.430
970.280
970.430
974.050
976.140
978.300
962.600
971.550
965.280
985.960
981.590
1.002386
1.003101
1.004037
1.003620
1.002356
1.001546
1.003540
1.004596
1.001732
1.003207
1.002965
1.004272
1.004823
1.003254
1.002831
1.003013
1.004721
1.002959
1.003826
1.002772
1.005323 )
1.001141
1.001815
929.960
929.480
933.290
934.760
935.430
937.870
953.470
958.110
958.760
959.760
965.040
967.060
968.440
972.130
973.800
976.490
976.100
977.280
983.050
986.750
988.330
983.000
987.540
942.760
943.190
941.820
947.440
948.070
956.950
951.360
953.520
960.990
959.170
946.540
954.880
960.830
968.410
969.250
972.910
974.320
975.960
961.170
969.380
963.290
984.960
980.540
1.001148
1.001678
1.002201
1.001851
1.000741
1.000383
1.001733
1.003036
1.000667
1.001558
1.001615
1.002882
1.002876
1.001688
1.001494
1.001485
1.002913
1.001718
1.002144
1.001402
1.003596 )
0.999840
1.000468
1.001091
1.002582
1.001989
1.001287
1.003286
1.002300
1.001555
1.000736
1.001611
1.001900
1.000080
1.001280
0.999893
1.002194
1.001112
1.001731
1.002121
1.003300
1.002644
1.000075
1.002001
1.001050
1.001658
928.741
927.244
930.477
932.083
934.195
937.792
951.495
954.850
957.876
958.006
962.570
963.115
965.754
970.048
971.842
974.130
973.130
974.598
980.096
984.597
983.829
982.488
986.828
942.175
941.376
940.793
947.227
945.664
955.421
950.877
953.990
960.771
958.725
948.098
954.488
961.937
967.626
969.419
972.840
974.157
973.496
959.857
971.265
963.269
985.456
980.326
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
1.000470
1.000654
1.000896
1.001062
1.000740
1.000699
1.001046
1.001230
1.001383
1.001435
1.001726
1.000869
1.001045
1.001382
1.001287
1.001659
1.001954
1.000767
1.001274
1.002020
1.001980
1.001554
1.001439
National Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC 0809
AHF 34322
Hong Kong,
Thailand
China
Ratio
Ratio
(W·m–2)
(W·m–2)
1.002790
1.004421
1.003989
1.002967
1.004757
1.003871
1.002902
1.002080
1.002862
1.003258
1.000334 )
1.002181
1.000517 )
1.004129
1.002331
1.002905
1.003993
1.005705 )
1.004136
1.002314
1.004071
1.002066
1.002730
PMO6-CC 0102
Hong Kong,
China
–2
Ratio
(W·m )
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
Appendix H, P.4
11:16:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:40:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
12:01:30
12:04:30
12:07:30
12:10:30
12:13:30
12:16:30
12:31:30
12:34:30
12:37:30
12:40:30
12:43:30
13:01:30
13:04:30
13:07:30
13:10:30
13:13:30
13:16:30
13:31:30
13:34:30
13:40:30
13:43:30
13:46:30
14:01:30
14:04:30
14:07:30
14:10:30
14:13:30
14:16:30
(hh:mm:ss)
Time
985.789
991.271
984.688
984.558
977.886
976.855
982.758
984.818
981.337
984.338
982.357
977.726
974.475
974.765
975.855
977.766
983.188
982.167
975.385
970.703
974.034
968.182
967.392
968.742
951.856
949.025
947.905
944.324
930.489
907.170
900.968
893.065
892.505
885.362
880.120
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
985.112
990.656
985.000
984.785
977.261
976.025
981.957
983.213
980.640
984.224
982.335
977.169
974.034
973.677
975.525
977.557
983.080
980.967
974.892
969.532
974.136
967.306
967.010
967.827
951.746
948.735
947.234
943.037
930.285
906.517
900.044
892.713
892.264
884.801
879.359
0803
0401
985.490
991.001
984.542
984.737
977.163
976.262
981.595
981.812
981.434
984.125
982.513
977.674
974.347
976.548
976.404
979.021
983.247
983.919
974.901
968.042
973.440
967.612
966.768
967.995
952.132
948.429
947.922
943.620
930.018
906.577
899.747
893.080
892.292
883.621
879.321
(W·m–2)
32455
985.868
991.559
985.028
984.307
977.336
977.506
982.737
985.148
981.757
984.507
983.037
977.896
975.016
974.876
976.736
977.856
982.407
982.087
976.126
970.245
974.066
968.695
967.455
967.905
952.602
950.022
947.472
944.151
929.569
907.215
900.924
893.873
892.653
885.752
880.161
(W·m–2)
0403
986.101
990.949
983.624
984.085
977.601
978.643
982.316
983.697
981.204
982.956
983.640
978.037
975.404
974.835
977.477
978.350
981.670
982.607
975.187
967.355
973.180
967.280
967.031
967.671
952.259
949.001
947.483
943.955
929.445
906.991
901.263
894.068
893.086
884.531
879.883
(W·m–2)
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC PMO6-CC
AHF
PMO6-CC
AHF
985.672
991.087
984.576
984.495
977.449
977.058
982.273
983.738
981.274
984.030
982.777
977.700
974.655
974.940
976.400
978.110
982.718
982.350
975.298
969.175
973.771
967.815
967.131
968.028
952.119
949.042
947.603
943.817
929.961
906.894
900.589
893.360
892.560
884.813
879.769
(W·m–2)
Average
989.240
994.640
988.630
988.530
982.390
978.570
985.400
986.550
983.980
986.690
986.330
982.610
975.510
976.920
979.520
981.410
984.900
983.180
977.750
974.120
976.200
970.280
971.420
971.130
956.440
952.690
952.440
946.960
932.900
910.170
904.660
895.160
894.440
888.070
882.330
1.003620
1.003585
1.004117
1.004099
1.005055
1.001547
1.003184
1.002859
1.002757
1.002703
1.003616
1.005022
1.000877
1.002031
1.003196
1.003374
1.002220
1.000845
1.002514
1.005102
1.002494
1.002547
1.004435
1.003204
1.004538
1.003844
1.005104
1.003330
1.003160
1.003612
1.004520
1.002015
1.002106
1.003681
1.002911
PMO6-CC 0102
Hong Kong,
China
–2
Ratio
(W·m )
21
)
)
)
)
)
)
987.390
992.940
987.370
987.470
979.990
977.200
984.030
984.780
982.890
985.220
984.460
980.570
974.230
975.200
977.570
979.820
983.960
982.100
976.240
972.290
975.470
968.760
969.670
969.990
954.750
951.060
950.360
945.460
931.660
909.090
902.580
893.710
893.410
886.780
881.330
1.001743
1.001870
1.002837
1.003022
1.002599
1.000145
1.001789
1.001060
1.001646
1.001209
1.001713
1.002935
0.999564
1.000267
1.001199
1.001748
1.001263
0.999746
1.000966
1.003214
1.001744
1.000976
1.002625
1.002027
1.002763
1.002126
1.002909
1.001740
1.001827
1.002421
1.002211
1.000392
1.000952
1.002223
1.001775
985.313
990.751
983.781
984.055
976.772
976.762
981.432
983.605
980.420
982.496
982.176
976.792
973.973
973.568
975.515
976.784
981.675
981.081
974.459
966.874
971.704
968.321
964.740
965.483
951.476
948.503
947.064
943.272
929.130
906.143
900.071
892.703
891.492
884.501
878.882
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
National Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC 0809
AHF 34322
Hong Kong,
Thailand
China
Ratio
Ratio
(W·m–2)
(W·m–2)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
Appendix H, P.5
25 Jan 2012
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
10:13:30
10:16:30
10:31:30
10:34:30
10:37:30
10:40:30
10:43:30
10:46:30
11:01:30
11:04:30
11:07:30
11:10:30
11:13:30
11:16:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:40:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
12:01:30
12:04:30
12:07:30
12:10:30
12:13:30
12:16:30
12:31:30
12:34:30
12:37:30
12:40:30
12:43:30
12:46:30
13:01:30
13:04:30
13:07:30
13:10:30
13:13:30
13:16:30
13:31:30
13:34:30
13:37:30
13:40:30
(hh:mm:ss)
Time
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
961.262
963.355
966.612
968.062
970.471
969.705
980.191
984.152
976.015
974.729
977.506
977.781
***
***
***
***
***
***
999.906
1001.856
1001.295
1001.243
999.375
994.005
981.436
982.131
992.473
990.727
989.135
987.940
987.797
988.553
986.909
987.787
988.420
984.459
971.063
972.340
971.268
965.468
961.578
954.003
935.686
923.465
927.856
930.183
0803
0401
***
***
***
***
***
***
979.459
983.118
975.178
973.793
977.294
976.915
***
***
***
***
***
***
999.402
1001.530
1000.965
1000.648
997.946
993.595
982.111
984.067
994.326
992.329
989.291
990.092
987.700
989.176
987.520
987.894
988.017
984.300
972.199
973.989
972.486
966.431
962.280
956.179
934.890
922.490
928.068
929.979
(W·m–2)
32455
962.054
964.184
966.335
967.475
971.025
970.305
979.707
984.107
975.986
974.346
978.166
977.836
986.788
990.418
990.368
985.968
989.418
996.169
999.770
1002.240
1001.660
1000.380
997.630
993.719
982.447
982.767
992.859
990.919
989.498
988.358
989.148
988.508
986.958
988.418
988.528
984.538
971.635
972.776
972.306
965.845
960.614
954.853
935.420
923.008
928.138
930.189
(W·m–2)
0403
***
***
***
***
***
***
979.131
983.344
975.528
975.013
978.174
976.117
987.297
989.783
988.306
985.306
988.199
995.932
1000.678
1001.817
1001.149
1000.631
999.090
995.080
982.641
983.177
993.736
991.337
989.790
989.617
989.516
987.663
986.650
988.346
986.508
984.526
970.695
972.739
971.745
965.301
960.622
954.607
934.593
922.348
928.016
929.825
(W·m–2)
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC PMO6-CC
AHF
PMO6-CC
AHF
961.658
963.770
966.473
967.768
970.748
970.005
979.622
983.681
975.677
974.470
977.785
977.163
987.042
990.101
989.337
985.637
988.809
996.051
999.939
1001.861
1001.267
1000.726
998.510
994.100
982.159
983.036
993.349
991.328
989.429
989.002
988.540
988.475
987.009
988.111
987.868
984.456
971.398
972.961
971.951
965.761
961.274
954.910
935.147
922.828
928.019
930.044
(W·m–2)
Average
0.051
0.051
0.051
0.049
0.049
0.052
0.052
0.053
0.052
0.052
0.052
0.052
0.053
0.053
0.053
0.053
0.053
0.054
0.054
0.054
0.054
0.054
0.054
0.054
0.052
0.052
0.054
0.053
0.053
0.053
0.053
0.053
0.053
0.053
0.053
0.053
0.051
0.052
0.052
0.051
0.051
0.050
0.048
0.047
0.048
0.048
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
988.310
995.510
990.850
991.860
991.920
994.460
1002.140
1003.770
1000.050
1002.440
1000.700
995.760
***
976.230
982.430
992.130
993.580
987.420
983.910
995.460
986.650
991.700
986.080
956.330
975.120
973.110
974.050
966.780
962.880
956.010
938.260
928.580
927.130
939.750
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
961.141
963.796
967.438
967.308
971.894
971.707
981.150
984.125
976.726
975.529
977.595
979.093
987.393
991.474
990.101
987.258
991.314
996.688
1001.077
1002.874
1002.258
1001.334
1000.170
993.033
981.924
983.301
993.083
990.876
988.409
988.422
988.604
990.487
987.496
986.966
989.972
984.346
973.518
973.854
971.211
965.984
958.852
954.623
936.258
923.632
928.875
932.576
0.999463
1.000027
1.000998
0.999524
1.001180
1.001754
1.001560
1.000452
1.001076
1.001086
0.999806
1.001976
1.000355
1.001387
1.000772
1.001644
1.002533
1.000639
1.001139
1.001012
1.000990
1.000608
1.001662
0.998927 )
0.999761
1.000270
0.999733
0.999544
0.998969
0.999414
1.000065
1.002036
1.000493
0.998841 )
1.002130
0.999889
1.002182
1.000918
0.999238
1.000231
0.997480 )
0.999699
1.001188
1.000872
1.000921
1.002722
Regional & National Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6 951202
AHF 36014
PMO6 960801
Republic of
Republic of
Japan
Korea
Korea
Ratio
Ratio
(W·m–2)
Ratio
(W·m–2)
(W·m–2)
Appendix H, P.6
22
934.461
940.414
943.476
943.385
951.624
950.154
962.814
958.424
965.305
970.022
969.940
966.071
964.937
966.295
966.193
966.367
960.966
954.268
957.454
950.052
951.665
947.897
954.462
923.669
922.271
916.574
924.537
925.895
920.719
921.434
929.203
934.329
931.878
930.827
936.667
941.026
945.018
26 Jan 2012
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
10:13:30
10:16:30
10:31:30
10:34:30
10:37:30
10:40:30
10:43:30
10:46:30
11:01:30
11:04:30
11:07:30
11:10:30
11:13:30
11:16:30
12:01:30
12:04:30
12:07:30
12:10:30
12:13:30
13:01:30
13:07:30
13:31:30
13:34:30
13:37:30
13:40:30
14:01:30
14:07:30
14:10:30
14:13:30
14:16:30
27 Jan 2012
11:10:30
11:13:30
11:16:30
23
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
923.557
915.828
885.403
878.808
897.624
885.658
894.663
0803
0401
13:43:30
13:46:30
14:01:30
14:04:30
14:07:30
14:10:30
14:13:30
(hh:mm:ss)
Time
935.756
941.730
945.162
933.886
939.270
942.551
942.895
950.318
949.416
961.422
957.213
964.543
969.050
969.100
965.072
964.825
966.452
966.257
966.596
961.347
955.054
956.963
949.292
950.205
946.035
954.091
924.112
921.975
917.106
924.020
925.434
920.330
922.886
930.455
935.258
930.157
932.483
923.238
915.827
884.745
878.135
897.301
884.545
894.075
(W·m–2)
32455
936.430
941.021
944.631
935.080
940.550
944.261
943.831
951.842
950.112
963.254
959.033
965.975
970.285
970.095
965.694
965.374
966.245
966.155
966.485
960.384
954.593
957.483
950.092
951.282
946.241
955.243
924.858
922.378
917.547
924.828
925.858
920.787
921.857
929.519
933.599
931.349
931.379
923.558
916.167
885.432
879.481
898.424
885.402
895.003
(W·m–2)
0403
935.722
941.066
944.783
934.309
939.835
944.310
944.171
951.207
951.289
961.808
958.291
965.760
969.810
969.614
964.740
965.182
965.758
965.530
965.908
960.347
954.805
957.737
949.641
952.377
946.859
955.739
925.013
922.984
916.916
924.660
924.695
920.845
923.580
932.037
936.087
932.612
932.970
923.580
915.554
885.329
880.154
897.647
886.568
894.564
(W·m–2)
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC PMO6-CC
AHF
PMO6-CC
AHF
936.144
941.211
944.898
934.434
940.017
943.650
943.570
951.248
950.243
962.324
958.240
965.396
969.792
969.687
965.394
965.080
966.187
966.034
966.339
960.761
954.680
957.409
949.769
951.382
946.758
954.884
924.413
922.402
917.036
924.511
925.471
920.670
922.439
930.303
934.818
931.499
931.915
923.483
915.844
885.227
879.144
897.749
885.543
894.576
(W·m–2)
Average
938.593
944.207
948.255
937.204
943.126
946.192
946.987
954.439
952.483
966.516
961.353
973.324
974.954
973.176
969.196
970.097
968.953
969.058
969.629
963.061
956.950
961.019
952.504
955.083
950.610
958.107
926.273
924.989
919.536
927.313
928.886
923.405
922.998
932.633
941.567
938.806
934.295
0.048
0.047
0.126
0.044
0.046
0.045
0.045
1.002616
1.003183
1.003552
1.002964
1.003307
1.002694
1.003621
1.003355
1.002358
1.004356
1.003249
1.008212
1.005323
1.003598
1.003938
1.005199
1.002862
1.003130
1.003405
1.002394
1.002378
1.003771
1.002879
1.003890
1.004068
1.003375
1.002012
1.002805
1.002726
1.003031
1.003690
1.002970
1.000606
1.002504
1.007220
1.007844
1.002555
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
937.631
942.802
946.622
936.430
941.750
944.700
945.440
950.870
954.550
965.070
961.390
967.580
972.760
972.210
969.330
969.820
969.390
968.270
968.000
968.780
959.380
***
954.690
953.340
952.920
956.350
937.500
924.910
922.500
922.630
926.270
923.690
916.540
928.770
934.590
932.480
933.990
928.540
922.760
894.910
879.310
900.890
893.390
894.780
1.001589
1.001691
1.001824
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
***
***
***
934.585
941.705
945.129
944.509
952.938
950.320
964.078
959.832
967.820
971.249
971.355
966.351
964.772
966.538
967.577
967.496
962.582
955.486
959.456
951.509
952.873
947.862
955.650
926.148
923.897
916.887
925.054
926.186
921.242
922.425
930.935
934.718
932.891
931.560
924.298
916.719
885.693
880.038
898.800
885.314
896.511
***
***
***
1.000161
1.001796
1.001568
1.000994
1.001777
1.000081
1.001822
1.001661
1.002511
1.001503
1.001720
1.000991
0.999681
1.000363
1.001598
1.001197
1.001896
1.000845
1.002138
1.001832
1.001567
1.001166
1.000802
1.001877
1.001622
0.999838
1.000587
1.000773
1.000621
0.999985
1.000679
0.999893
1.001494
0.999619
1.000882
1.000955
1.000526
1.001016
1.001170
0.999741
1.002163
Regional & National Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6 951202
AHF 36014
PMO6 960801
Republic of
Republic of
Japan
Korea
Korea
Ratio
Ratio
(W·m–2)
Ratio
(W·m–2)
(W·m–2)
)
)
)
Appendix H, P.7
939.005
942.997
946.601
947.928
948.204
949.847
950.501
945.896
941.945
946.437
946.621
927.090
929.550
930.837
928.305
939.005
28 Jan 2012
11:01:30
11:04:30
11:07:30
11:10:30
11:13:30
11:16:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
24
29 Jan 2012
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
30 Jan 2012
09:31:30
939.412
928.108
929.918
932.329
929.788
939.192
943.163
946.634
947.305
948.235
950.436
950.666
945.434
942.103
945.944
946.064
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
948.081
948.357
944.702
947.836
948.285
950.460
961.354
962.089
964.253
963.600
960.813
958.648
947.377
948.224
943.364
935.666
934.492
935.084
932.174
934.257
923.455
920.933
913.623
909.580
905.802
907.814
908.896
0803
0401
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:40:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
12:01:30
12:04:30
12:07:30
12:10:30
12:13:30
12:16:30
12:31:30
12:34:30
12:37:30
12:40:30
12:43:30
12:46:30
13:07:30
13:10:30
13:13:30
13:16:30
13:31:30
13:34:30
13:37:30
13:40:30
13:43:30
(hh:mm:ss)
Time
***
926.557
929.396
930.857
928.510
938.773
942.733
947.083
947.509
947.627
950.083
949.350
943.881
941.205
945.265
945.988
947.218
947.653
944.518
947.571
947.761
949.882
961.385
962.066
964.418
963.445
960.672
958.351
946.633
947.760
942.330
***
934.819
933.886
931.251
933.860
923.617
920.721
913.548
908.471
905.285
907.881
908.978
(W·m–2)
32455
939.340
927.728
930.349
931.769
929.239
938.480
943.331
946.641
948.242
947.452
949.812
950.372
945.811
941.891
947.122
946.251
947.602
947.402
945.031
947.642
948.652
950.702
961.494
962.634
965.174
963.424
961.244
958.403
947.322
948.272
943.161
935.380
934.009
934.700
931.359
933.979
922.538
920.707
913.766
908.835
904.875
907.985
908.385
(W·m–2)
0403
938.728
928.243
928.720
932.328
927.829
938.599
942.824
946.433
947.450
946.622
949.615
949.955
946.596
941.479
947.431
946.328
946.834
946.562
944.432
947.135
948.109
950.501
961.111
962.741
963.457
962.811
961.180
958.578
946.728
947.318
943.145
935.783
934.806
934.086
931.343
932.881
922.072
919.752
913.971
908.054
905.259
907.660
908.464
(W·m–2)
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC PMO6-CC
AHF
PMO6-CC
AHF
939.121
927.545
929.587
931.624
928.734
938.810
943.009
946.678
947.687
947.628
949.959
950.169
945.524
941.725
946.440
946.250
947.434
947.493
944.671
947.546
948.202
950.386
961.336
962.382
964.326
963.320
960.977
958.495
947.015
947.893
943.000
935.610
934.532
934.439
931.532
933.744
922.920
920.528
913.727
908.735
905.305
907.835
908.681
(W·m–2)
Average
942.649
930.084
933.700
934.225
932.650
941.836
945.903
949.690
951.032
951.012
958.130
953.935
950.909
946.132
948.880
949.429
950.427
949.822
946.347
950.221
950.567
953.415
964.901
964.901
967.052
966.652
962.826
960.666
949.527
950.356
946.079
937.771
937.028
937.280
933.914
936.241
925.855
923.136
915.733
911.710
908.265
910.077
911.194
1.003757
1.002737
1.004425
1.002792
1.004216
1.003224
1.003069
1.003181
1.003531
1.003572
1.008602 )
1.003963
1.005695 )
1.004680
1.002578
1.003359
1.003159
1.002457
1.001775
1.002823
1.002495
1.003187
1.003708
1.002617
1.002827
1.003459
1.001924
1.002265
1.002653
1.002598
1.003265
1.002310
1.002672
1.003040
1.002557
1.002673
1.003180
1.002833
1.002195
1.003273
1.003269
1.002469
1.002765
942.088
930.583
931.874
934.948
931.258
941.894
946.309
949.970
950.689
950.845
953.174
952.512
948.651
944.646
949.601
949.000
950.029
950.160
946.855
950.076
951.258
953.602
964.087
965.027
966.918
966.255
963.679
961.113
949.120
949.678
946.140
938.015
936.994
936.365
933.794
936.299
925.464
922.815
916.605
910.927
907.322
909.577
908.272
1.003159
1.003275
1.002460
1.003568
1.002718
1.003285
1.003499
1.003477
1.003168
1.003395
1.003385
1.002466
1.003307
1.003102
1.003340
1.002906
1.002739
1.002814
1.002312
1.002670
1.003223
1.003384
1.002862
1.002748
1.002688
1.003047
1.002812
1.002731
1.002223
1.001883
1.003330
1.002571
1.002635
1.002061
1.002428
1.002736
1.002756
1.002484
1.003150
1.002412
1.002228
1.001919
0.999550 )
939.922
927.304
929.902
932.822
929.013
939.326
943.338
947.023
948.979
948.187
951.251
951.356
946.257
943.469
948.283
948.080
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
1.000852
0.999740
1.000339
1.001286
1.000300
1.000550
1.000349
1.000364
1.001364
1.000590
1.001360
1.001249
1.000776
1.001852
1.001947
1.001934
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
Regional & National Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6 951202
AHF 36014
PMO6 960801
Republic of
Republic of
Japan
Korea
Korea
Ratio
Ratio
(W·m–2)
Ratio
(W·m–2)
(W·m–2)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
Appendix H, P.8
928.672
928.233
930.857
932.960
934.931
937.075
950.746
954.983
957.331
957.321
963.243
964.243
965.203
970.042
972.146
974.657
973.136
975.066
980.324
984.653
984.796
982.274
986.286
31 Jan 2012
09:31:30
09:34:30
09:37:30
09:40:30
09:43:30
09:46:30
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
10:13:30
10:16:30
10:31:30
10:34:30
10:37:30
10:40:30
10:43:30
10:46:30
11:01:30
11:04:30
11:07:30
11:10:30
11:13:30
25
929.278
928.738
931.179
933.630
935.280
937.931
951.976
955.568
957.999
958.169
963.281
964.721
965.841
970.823
972.634
975.375
973.594
975.455
980.917
985.249
985.339
983.578
986.969
942.093
941.162
939.472
945.764
945.524
955.098
949.906
952.977
960.089
957.518
946.744
953.847
961.190
966.602
968.652
971.784
972.734
973.194
958.819
969.323
961.450
984.268
979.346
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
941.138
940.556
939.086
945.651
945.365
954.717
949.255
952.533
959.322
957.239
945.845
953.819
960.415
966.061
968.092
971.002
972.462
972.646
958.985
968.062
960.323
983.438
978.741
0803
0401
09:34:30
09:37:30
09:40:30
09:43:30
09:46:30
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
10:13:30
10:16:30
10:31:30
10:34:30
10:37:30
10:40:30
10:43:30
10:46:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:40:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
(hh:mm:ss)
Time
928.069
926.980
930.379
932.077
933.794
935.818
952.027
955.081
957.920
957.955
963.393
963.684
965.632
970.157
972.255
974.983
972.511
975.506
981.059
985.403
984.446
983.008
986.769
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
972.736
958.309
968.550
961.055
983.981
978.274
(W·m–2)
32455
929.409
927.688
932.179
932.829
934.920
937.860
952.232
955.213
958.483
958.593
963.854
964.044
965.845
970.775
972.326
975.456
973.446
975.986
981.187
986.008
984.918
983.517
987.448
942.571
941.141
940.921
946.481
944.901
955.023
950.502
952.722
959.503
957.763
946.241
953.893
961.154
966.275
968.385
971.495
971.795
972.776
959.083
970.355
961.804
984.297
979.277
(W·m–2)
0403
929.039
927.974
931.609
933.667
934.763
938.870
952.123
955.207
958.870
959.296
963.648
964.711
965.792
970.661
972.377
974.740
973.638
976.005
981.247
985.529
984.444
983.412
987.918
941.128
940.184
940.323
946.993
944.069
954.178
949.870
953.042
958.862
956.882
947.026
953.080
960.973
966.224
967.563
970.634
972.039
972.400
957.980
970.247
962.198
983.650
978.948
(W·m–2)
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC PMO6-CC
AHF
PMO6-CC
AHF
928.893
927.923
931.241
933.033
934.737
937.511
951.821
955.210
958.121
958.267
963.484
964.281
965.663
970.492
972.347
975.042
973.265
975.604
980.947
985.368
984.788
983.158
987.078
941.733
940.761
939.950
946.222
944.965
954.754
949.883
952.818
959.444
957.351
946.464
953.660
960.933
966.290
968.173
971.229
972.258
972.750
958.635
969.307
961.366
983.927
978.917
(W·m–2)
Average
931.972
931.038
935.187
936.607
938.201
940.700
954.161
957.274
961.006
961.528
966.629
967.846
968.855
973.296
975.312
979.199
976.884
978.508
983.276
988.123
987.422
985.280
990.128
944.690
944.095
942.564
949.640
948.949
957.999
953.561
956.378
963.286
959.972
949.537
957.879
964.399
969.257
970.500
974.629
976.999
975.451
961.842
971.813
964.189
986.645
982.495
1.003315
1.003357
1.004238
1.003831
1.003706
1.003401
1.002458
1.002160
1.003011
1.003404
1.003265
1.003697
1.003306
1.002889
1.003049
1.004263
1.003719
1.002977
1.002374
1.002796
1.002675
1.002159
1.003090
1.003140
1.003544
1.002781
1.003611
1.004216
1.003399
1.003872
1.003736
1.004004
1.002739
1.003246
1.004424
1.003607
1.003070
1.002403
1.003501
1.004877
1.002777
1.003345
1.002585
1.002936
1.002762
1.003655
932.033
931.060
933.930
936.166
938.207
942.031
955.614
957.791
961.705
962.531
966.900
968.125
968.059
973.536
975.659
978.170
976.345
979.171
983.984
987.770
986.475
985.794
990.650
944.253
943.535
943.151
949.703
947.673
957.685
953.139
956.432
962.826
961.435
950.623
956.433
964.597
969.598
971.154
974.282
975.399
976.250
961.752
973.235
964.682
986.997
982.872
1.003380
1.003381
1.002888
1.003358
1.003712
1.004821
1.003985
1.002702
1.003741
1.004450
1.003546
1.003987
1.002482
1.003137
1.003406
1.003208
1.003165
1.003657
1.003096
1.002438
1.001713
1.002681
1.003619
1.002676
1.002949
1.003405
1.003678
1.002866
1.003070
1.003428
1.003793
1.003525
1.004266
1.004394
1.002908
1.003813
1.003423
1.003079
1.003144
1.003231
1.003598
1.003251
1.004052
1.003449
1.003120
1.004040
929.032
929.054
933.085
934.397
935.781
938.440
952.415
956.794
959.290
959.538
964.492
964.900
966.080
970.930
973.257
976.041
974.654
976.634
981.892
986.398
986.419
982.316
987.502
943.049
942.677
940.993
947.435
946.867
955.909
951.576
954.193
961.083
958.980
946.062
954.615
961.169
968.334
970.173
972.233
972.683
974.402
959.513
969.410
962.343
984.697
979.582
1.000149
1.001219
1.001980
1.001463
1.001117
1.000992
1.000624
1.001658
1.001220
1.001326
1.001046
1.000642
1.000432
1.000452
1.000936
1.001025
1.001427
1.001056
1.000964
1.001045
1.001656
0.999144
1.000430
1.001398
1.002036
1.001109
1.001281
1.002013
1.001210
1.001782
1.001443
1.001708
1.001701
0.999575
1.001001
1.000245
1.002115
1.002066
1.001034
1.000438
1.001698
1.000916
1.000106
1.001016
1.000783
1.000679
Regional & National Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6 951202
AHF 36014
PMO6 960801
Republic of
Republic of
Japan
Korea
Korea
Ratio
Ratio
(W·m–2)
Ratio
(W·m–2)
(W·m–2)
Appendix H, P.9
11:16:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:40:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
12:01:30
12:04:30
12:07:30
12:10:30
12:13:30
12:16:30
12:31:30
12:34:30
12:37:30
12:40:30
12:43:30
13:01:30
13:04:30
13:07:30
13:10:30
13:13:30
13:16:30
13:31:30
13:34:30
13:40:30
13:43:30
13:46:30
14:01:30
14:04:30
14:07:30
14:10:30
14:13:30
14:16:30
(hh:mm:ss)
Time
985.789
991.271
984.688
984.558
977.886
976.855
982.758
984.818
981.337
984.338
982.357
977.726
974.475
974.765
975.855
977.766
983.188
982.167
975.385
970.703
974.034
968.182
967.392
968.742
951.856
949.025
947.905
944.324
930.489
907.170
900.968
893.065
892.505
885.362
880.120
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
985.112
990.656
985.000
984.785
977.261
976.025
981.957
983.213
980.640
984.224
982.335
977.169
974.034
973.677
975.525
977.557
983.080
980.967
974.892
969.532
974.136
967.306
967.010
967.827
951.746
948.735
947.234
943.037
930.285
906.517
900.044
892.713
892.264
884.801
879.359
0803
0401
985.490
991.001
984.542
984.737
977.163
976.262
981.595
981.812
981.434
984.125
982.513
977.674
974.347
976.548
976.404
979.021
983.247
983.919
974.901
968.042
973.440
967.612
966.768
967.995
952.132
948.429
947.922
943.620
930.018
906.577
899.747
893.080
892.292
883.621
879.321
(W·m–2)
32455
985.868
991.559
985.028
984.307
977.336
977.506
982.737
985.148
981.757
984.507
983.037
977.896
975.016
974.876
976.736
977.856
982.407
982.087
976.126
970.245
974.066
968.695
967.455
967.905
952.602
950.022
947.472
944.151
929.569
907.215
900.924
893.873
892.653
885.752
880.161
(W·m–2)
0403
986.101
990.949
983.624
984.085
977.601
978.643
982.316
983.697
981.204
982.956
983.640
978.037
975.404
974.835
977.477
978.350
981.670
982.607
975.187
967.355
973.180
967.280
967.031
967.671
952.259
949.001
947.483
943.955
929.445
906.991
901.263
894.068
893.086
884.531
879.883
(W·m–2)
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC PMO6-CC
AHF
PMO6-CC
AHF
985.672
991.087
984.576
984.495
977.449
977.058
982.273
983.738
981.274
984.030
982.777
977.700
974.655
974.940
976.400
978.110
982.718
982.350
975.298
969.175
973.771
967.815
967.131
968.028
952.119
949.042
947.603
943.817
929.961
906.894
900.589
893.360
892.560
884.813
879.769
(W·m–2)
Average
988.718
995.173
987.073
987.615
981.081
980.301
986.924
986.912
984.180
987.217
985.191
980.862
976.496
977.359
979.640
981.344
985.759
983.824
978.077
979.621
978.396
971.970
967.872
969.789
954.524
953.715
950.601
945.905
934.181
909.474
903.016
896.768
894.841
888.947
883.369
1.003091
1.004122
1.002536
1.003170
1.003715
1.003319
1.004735
1.003227
1.002961
1.003239
1.002457
1.003233
1.001889
1.002481
1.003318
1.003307
1.003094
1.001501
1.002849
1.010778 )
1.004750
1.004293
1.000766 )
1.001819
1.002526
1.004924
1.003163
1.002212
1.004538
1.002845
1.002695
1.003814
1.002556
1.004672
1.004092
988.773
993.916
986.843
987.617
981.211
981.804
985.129
987.100
983.859
985.790
985.663
980.637
977.565
977.386
979.740
980.788
985.761
984.910
977.873
972.633
976.210
971.411
969.837
971.182
954.912
951.942
950.494
946.494
932.036
909.060
903.051
895.958
895.072
887.286
882.032
1.003146
1.002854
1.002302
1.003172
1.003848
1.004857
1.002908
1.003418
1.002634
1.001788
1.002937
1.003004
1.002985
1.002509
1.003421
1.002738
1.003096
1.002606
1.002640
1.003568
1.002504
1.003715
1.002798
1.003258
1.002933
1.003055
1.003051
1.002836
1.002231
1.002388
1.002734
1.002908
1.002814
1.002795
1.002573
986.526
991.781
985.180
985.186
978.062
977.267
984.291
985.322
981.995
985.894
983.385
979.594
974.267
976.074
974.917
979.035
983.121
981.978
975.074
971.268
975.068
969.985
968.642
970.346
957.405
954.199
946.615
944.530
928.032
911.221
902.729
893.855
893.409
886.963
881.588
1.000866
1.000700
1.000613
1.000702
1.000627
1.000213
1.002055
1.001611
1.000734
1.001894
1.000619
1.001937
0.999601
1.001163
0.998482
1.000946
1.000409
0.999621
0.999770
1.002159
1.001332
1.002242
1.001562
1.002395
1.005552
1.005433
0.998957
1.000755
0.997926
1.004771
1.002376
1.000555
1.000952
1.002430
1.002068
Regional & National Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6 951202
AHF 36014
PMO6 960801
Republic of
Republic of
Japan
Korea
Korea
Ratio
Ratio
(W·m–2)
Ratio
(W·m–2)
(W·m–2)
26
)
)
)
)
)
)
Appendix H, P.10
Appendix I, P.1
2012 Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison in Tsukuba, Japan
PMO6-CC 0102 (HONG KONG)
1.003003±0.000856 n=189(214)
1.010
Ratio
1.005
1.000
0.995
0.990
0
50
100
150
200
Data Number
2012 Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison in Tsukuba, Japan
PMO6-CC 0809 (HONG KONG)
1.001543±0.000862 n=206(214)
1.010
Ratio
1.005
1.000
0.995
0.990
0
50
100
150
200
Data Number
2012 Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison in Tsukuba, Japan
AHF 34322 (Thailand)
1.000641±0.000654 n=145(150)
1.010
Ratio
1.005
1.000
0.995
0.990
0
50
100
Data Number
27
150
Appendix I, P.2
2012 Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison in Tsukuba, Japan
PMO6 951202 (KOREA)
1.003201±0.000719 n=153(161)
1.010
Ratio
1.005
1.000
0.995
0.990
0
50
100
150
Data Number
2012 Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison in Tsukuba, Japan
AHF 36014 (KOREA)
1.003041±0.000606 n=126(127)
1.010
Ratio
1.005
1.000
0.995
0.990
0
50
100
Data Number
2012 Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison in Tsukuba, Japan
PMO6 960801 (Japan)
1.000995±0.000783 n=174(184)
1.010
Ratio
1.005
1.000
0.995
0.990
0
50
100
Data Number
28
150
Appendix J, P.1
Meteorological Data
The table in this appendix shows meteorological data obtained during irradiance
measurements.
1.
Temperature (T), Relative Humidity (RH), Station Pressure (SP), Wind Direction
(WD) and Wind Speed (WS)
Temperature, relative humidity, station pressure and wind direction/speed
(instantaneous values) measured initially via an automatic weather station (AWS)
2.
Irradiance (S) and Standard Deviation (σ)
Mean values calculated from six reference irradiances for each measurement series
and the related standard deviation
3.
Elevation Angle (θ), Optical Air Mass (m)
Mean values for each measurement series
4.
Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD)
Mean values calculated from the aerosol optical depth at 500 nm in each
measurement series based on data from a precision filter radiometer (PFR)
29
Series No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
Date
25 Jan 2012
26 Jan 2012
27 Jan 2012
30
28 Jan 2012
8:30:00
9:00:00
9:30:00
10:00:00
10:30:00
11:00:00
8:30:00
9:00:00
9:30:00
10:00:00
10:30:00
11:00:00
11:30:00
12:00:00
12:30:00
13:00:00
13:30:00
14:00:00
14:30:00
8:30:00
9:00:00
9:30:00
10:00:00
10:30:00
11:00:00
11:30:00
12:00:00
12:30:00
13:00:00
13:30:00
14:00:00
14:30:00
15:00:00
-2.7
-2.4
-1.7
-0.9
-0.6
0.1
0.3
2.0
2.1
3.0
3.6
3.3
2.7
2.6
0.0
0.5
1.8
0.8
2.5
1.1
2.1
1.9
2.5
2.5
2.8
4.0
2.8
-2.4
-2.1
-1.4
-1.1
0.2
-0.3
8:48:00
9:18:00
9:48:00
10:18:00
10:48:00
11:18:00
11:48:00
12:18:00
12:48:00
13:18:00
13:48:00
14:18:00
14:48:00
15:18:00
8:48:00
9:18:00
9:48:00
10:18:00
10:48:00
11:18:00
11:48:00
12:18:00
12:48:00
13:18:00
13:48:00
14:18:00
14:48:00
8:48:00
－
9:18:00
－
9:48:00
－
－ 10:18:00
－ 10:48:00
－ 11:18:00
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
2.1
2.4
2.8
3.6
3.7
4.4
4.6
5.1
5.1
5.4
5.6
6.0
5.9
9:18:00
9:48:00
10:18:00
10:48:00
11:18:00
11:48:00
12:18:00
12:48:00
13:18:00
13:48:00
14:18:00
14:48:00
15:18:00
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
T
(°C)
(end)
Time
9:00:00
9:30:00
10:00:00
10:30:00
11:00:00
11:30:00
12:00:00
12:30:00
13:00:00
13:30:00
14:00:00
14:30:00
15:00:00
(start)
54
53
51
47
47
44
51
51
48
51
50
57
51
53
48
47
47
44
47
57
55
51
53
50
48
48
45
46
45
45
34
33
33
44
42
43
49
51
43
44
42
37
39
42
38
40
(%)
RH
SP
949
950
950
950
950
950
947
948
948
949
949
949
948
948
948
948
949
949
949
946
946
946
947
947
947
947
947
947
947
947
947
947
947
941
942
942
941
942
941
941
940
940
940
940
940
941
(hPa)
5.1
4.8
4.5
6.6
2.9
3.1
3.1
3.8
2.7
4.0
0.8
4.4
2.7
4.2
3.0
4.5
2.8
1.2
2.5
6.6
5.2
6.5
3.4
3.0
2.8
5.3
1.4
1.7
2.4
1.9
3.5
3.7
4.3
5.8
5.3
4.1
3.6
3.7
3.3
3.5
2.8
4.2
2.4
1.4
1.6
1.1
360
360
10
350
360
10
260
270
290
340
310
350
360
350
360
360
360
360
360
360
350
350
360
360
330
350
180
230
230
120
270
290
260
280
300
290
270
270
260
290
290
260
280
60
10
280
-1
(m sec )
WD
(degree)
WS
***
***
847.4
892.7
921.2
945.6
789.8
834.7
***
885.4
897.7
940.8
947.6
961.8
940.4
927.2
905.5
863.6
813.0
816.8
867.3
911.7
943.9
965.1
963.2
959.6
947.3
923.9
919.9
921.9
930.2
***
835.7
891.3
941.1
966.7
978.1
989.5
999.4
988.1
987.4
966.4
925.9
887.8
836.8
769.1
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
–2
***
***
11.9
6.8
4.9
4.0
12.8
6.8
***
4.9
6.5
4.4
1.8
2.0
6.3
6.4
8.7
10.7
14.9
3.8
11.4
5.0
6.3
4.4
4.7
2.8
12.1
9.1
3.4
3.9
4.6
***
11.2
17.4
6.1
3.5
3.3
3.6
2.8
4.5
1.5
7.2
6.7
7.0
11.8
13.0
(W m )
S±σ
θ
18.8
23.1
26.9
30.2
32.7
34.4
18.6
22.9
26.7
30.0
32.5
34.2
35.0
35.0
34.0
32.2
29.6
26.3
22.5
18.5
22.8
26.6
29.7
32.2
34.0
34.8
34.7
33.8
32.0
29.4
26.1
22.2
17.9
22.6
26.4
29.5
32.0
33.7
34.6
34.5
33.5
31.7
29.1
25.8
22.0
17.7
(degree)
2.88
2.37
2.06
1.86
1.73
1.65
2.90
2.39
2.07
1.87
1.74
1.66
1.62
1.63
1.67
1.75
1.89
2.10
2.44
2.92
2.40
2.08
1.88
1.75
1.67
1.63
1.64
1.68
1.76
1.90
2.12
2.46
3.02
2.40
2.08
1.88
1.75
1.67
1.63
1.64
1.67
1.76
1.90
2.12
2.46
3.04
m
0.19
0.18
0.15
0.13
0.13
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.17
0.13
0.21
0.21
0.11
0.09
0.11
0.12
0.11
0.13
0.13
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.14
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.11
AOD
Appendix J, P.2
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
30 Jan 2012
31 Jan 2012
2 Feb 2012
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
Series No.
29 Jan 2012
Date
31
8:30:00
9:00:00
9:30:00
10:00:00
10:30:00
11:00:00
11:30:00
8:30:00
9:00:00
9:30:00
10:00:00
10:30:00
11:00:00
11:30:00
12:00:00
12:30:00
13:00:00
13:30:00
14:00:00
14:30:00
8:30:00
9:00:00
9:30:00
10:00:00
10:30:00
11:00:00
11:30:00
12:00:00
12:30:00
8:30:00
9:00:00
9:30:00
10:00:00
10:30:00
T
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
-1.6
-0.8
-0.3
0.4
1.7
1.7
2.0
2.8
0.1
0.7
0.7
1.3
2.4
2.5
2.8
3.2
3.1
3.6
4.6
5.1
4.6
5.1
-2.2
-1.8
-1.1
-0.9
-0.4
0.3
0.8
8:48:00
9:18:00
9:48:00
10:18:00
10:48:00
11:18:00
11:48:00
12:18:00
12:48:00
8:48:00
9:18:00
9:48:00
10:18:00
10:48:00
11:18:00
11:48:00
12:18:00
12:48:00
13:18:00
13:48:00
14:18:00
14:48:00
8:48:00
9:18:00
9:48:00
10:18:00
10:48:00
11:18:00
11:48:00
-2.6
-1.9
-1.7
-0.8
0.2
8:48:00
－
9:18:00
－
9:48:00
－
－ 10:18:00
－ 10:48:00
(°C)
0.8
1.4
1.5
3.8
3.6
2.3
2.5
(end)
11:48:00
12:18:00
12:48:00
13:18:00
13:48:00
14:18:00
14:48:00
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
Time
11:30:00
12:00:00
12:30:00
13:00:00
13:30:00
14:00:00
14:30:00
(start)
42
43
36
34
37
36
33
45
45
45
45
44
47
42
42
38
35
33
34
35
57
55
50
50
48
43
43
36
40
57
53
49
48
46
40
36
38
35
36
38
37
(%)
RH
SP
938
938
938
938
938
938
937
949
949
949
949
949
949
949
948
948
948
948
947
948
949
949
949
950
950
950
949
949
948
949
949
949
948
949
950
950
950
950
950
950
950
(hPa)
4.0
5.8
4.6
5.6
3.9
5.2
4.8
1.1
2.1
1.7
1.1
2.0
1.9
3.1
3.3
3.0
2.4
2.8
2.4
2.6
2.3
1.5
2.4
3.2
1.5
1.2
2.1
1.1
0.6
3.5
3.3
4.9
4.3
3.2
3.1
2.8
2.4
0.8
1.2
3.8
1.6
320
260
290
270
300
280
280
240
250
240
40
280
230
260
280
310
280
290
310
300
280
230
270
290
330
240
190
350
150
280
310
260
280
280
350
330
360
330
330
10
350
-1
(m sec )
WD
(degree)
WS
853.4
905.1
941.7
***
***
***
***
854.7
904.7
932.2
958.5
972.1
984.5
982.8
980.7
978.9
970.2
944.5
893.0
***
853.5
908.4
942.1
953.5
965.4
***
970.8
***
***
803.6
868.1
***
929.4
912.0
944.8
937.3
915.6
878.6
***
***
***
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
±
–2
11.7
9.0
5.5
***
***
***
***
12.9
6.9
3.6
4.8
3.6
2.2
5.2
3.8
3.5
3.5
8.7
9.9
***
11.8
9.4
2.9
4.8
7.0
***
9.8
***
***
9.4
10.5
***
1.7
10.0
4.1
2.2
7.6
12.2
***
***
***
(W m )
S±σ
θ
19.7
24.1
28.0
31.3
33.9
35.7
36.7
19.3
23.7
27.6
30.9
33.4
35.2
36.1
36.1
35.1
33.3
30.7
27.3
23.4
19.2
23.5
27.4
30.6
33.2
34.9
35.8
35.8
34.8
19.0
23.3
27.2
30.4
32.9
35.3
35.3
34.3
32.5
29.9
26.6
22.7
(degree)
2.72
2.25
1.96
1.77
1.65
1.58
1.55
2.81
2.32
2.02
1.82
1.70
1.62
1.59
1.59
1.62
1.70
1.83
2.03
2.34
2.83
2.34
2.03
1.83
1.71
1.63
1.60
1.60
1.63
2.86
2.35
2.04
1.84
1.72
1.62
1.62
1.66
1.74
1.88
2.09
2.42
m
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.11
0.13
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.10
0.09
0.12
1.69
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.13
0.12
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.22
0.22
0.26
AOD
Appendix J, P.3
Appendix K
Relationship between Reference Irradiances and
Auxiliary Data
a) All AOD conditions
(W/m2)
12.0
Standard Deviation
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0 (m/s)
5.0
6.0
7.0 (m/s)
Wind Speed
b) AOD ≦
0.12
(W/m2)
12.0
Standard Deviation
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Wind Speed
The graphs show standard deviations of reference irradiances plotted against wind speed.
Top: standard deviations of reference irradiances for all AOD conditions; bottom: cases in
which AOD values were equal to or less than the adopted AOD criteria of 0.12 for calculation
of reference irradiances.
32
Appendix L
Group Photo of Participants
Participants in the Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison of RA II (Tsukuba, Japan)
(front row left to right): H.TATSUMI*, Y.J.LEE, N.OHKAWARA*, K.ISHII*
(back row left to right): S.H.RYU, I.S.ZOO, S.SUDHIBRABHA, W.FINSTERLE,
S.YAMADA*, J.K.W.CHAN, S.C.PARK, I.UESATO*
33
( *: support stuff )
Appendix M
Activity of Regional Radiation Centre, Tokyo
1964
Pyrheliometer Intercomparison : India - Japan (Pune, India)
1965
Regional Radiation Centre Establish (RA II Res.20, CIMO IV Rec.1,3,9)
1968
Pyrheliometer Intercomparison : Thailand - Japan (Tsukuba, Japan)
1970
Join in IPC-III (WRC/Davos, Switzerland)
1975
Join in IPC-IV (WRC/Davos, Switzerland)
Pyrheliometer Intercomparison : China - Japan (Tsukuba, Japan)
1980
Join in IPC-V (WRC/Davos, Switzerland)
1983
Pyrheliometer Intercomparison : Hong Kong - Japan (Tsukuba, Japan)
1985
Join in IPC-VI (WRC/Davos, Switzerland)
1989
RPC-I : Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison of RA II & RA V (Tsukuba, Japan)
1990
Join in IPC-VII (WRC/Davos, Switzerland)
1994
Reference Pyranometer Calibration : Thailand (Tsukuba, Japan)
1995
Pyrheliometer Intercomparison : China - Japan (Tsukuba, Japan)
Reference Pyranometer Calibration : Korea (Tsukuba, Japan)
Join in IPC-VIII (WRC/Davos, Switzerland)
1996
Training for Calibration of Pyrheliometers : Korea (Tsukuba, Japan)
1997
Pyrheliometer Intercomparison : Hong Kong & Korea - Japan (Tsukuba, Japan)
Training for Reference Pyranometer Calibration : Philippines (Tsukuba, Japan)
2000
Join in IPC-IX (WRC/Davos, Switzerland)
2002
Pyrheliometer Intercomparison : Hong Kong, China & Korea - Japan (Tsukuba,
Japan)
2005
Join in IPC-X (WRC/Davos, Switzerland)
2007
RPC-II : Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison of RA II (Tsukuba, Japan)
2010
Join in IPC-XI (WRC/Davos, Switzerland)
2012
RPC-III : Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison of RA II (Tsukuba, Japan)
34
Part II
CALIBRATION OF A REFERENCE PYRANOMETER FROM KOREA
1.
BACKGROUND
At the request of the Korea Meteorological Administration, calibration of Korea’s
reference pyranometer (CMP22, No. 090081) was jointly carried out during the period of the
Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison of RA II (27 January – 2 February, 2012).
2.
METHOD OF CALIBRATION AND DATA ACQUISITION
Calibration was performed using the collimation tube method, in which the target
pyranometer is attached to the bottom end of a long tube with diaphragms (i.e., a collimation
tube) mounted on an automatic sun tracker (see Photo 1). As the optical geometry of the
combined system involving the pyranometer and the collimation tube are adjusted to match
that of an absolute cavity radiometer (a half opening angle of 2.5 degrees), both instruments
can be compared directly using a common radiation source. The output voltages from the
pyranometer were measured every 90 seconds. In each series, 13 sets of output data were
acquired at these time intervals.
3.
PYRANOMETER CALIBRATION FACTOR DEFINITION
In this study, the pyranometer calibration factor was defined as the irradiance
sensitivity based on the following formula:
S = Vth/K
where:
S
irradiance [W m-2]
Vth
output of pyranometer [mV]
Calibration factor K = 0.00963 [mV (W m-2)-1] (Kipp & Zonen, 2009)
4.
DATA EVALUATION PROCEDURE
The WRR reduction factor for the pyranometer was determined by applying the same
evaluation procedures for pyrheliometers described in Section 7, Part I.
5.
CALIBRATION RESULTS
A total of 124 comparison measurements were made for pyranometer calibration.
Based on application of the data selection criteria described in Steps 1 and 2 of Part I,
Section 7, 113 measurements were selected for final evaluation.
The new WRR reduction factor was determined as 0.981253.
35
The measurement values for each instrument are listed in Appendix N. Data marked
“)” on the right were rejected. A plot of the calibration results is shown in Appendix O.
Photo 1
The collimation tube/pyranometer combination. A pyranometer with no sunscreen
was attached to the bottom of the tube.
36
37
939.005
942.997
946.601
947.928
948.204
949.847
950.501
945.896
941.945
946.437
946.621
927.090
28 Jan 2012
11:01:30
11:04:30
11:07:30
11:10:30
11:13:30
11:16:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
29 Jan 2012
10:01:30
936.667
941.026
945.018
948.081
948.357
944.702
947.836
948.285
950.460
961.354
962.089
964.253
963.600
960.813
958.648
947.377
948.224
943.364
935.666
934.492
935.084
932.174
934.257
923.455
920.933
913.623
909.580
905.802
907.814
908.896
928.108
939.192
943.163
946.634
947.305
948.235
950.436
950.666
945.434
942.103
945.944
946.064
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
(hh:mm:ss)
27 Jan 2012
11:10:30
11:13:30
11:16:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:40:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
12:01:30
12:04:30
12:07:30
12:10:30
12:13:30
12:16:30
12:31:30
12:34:30
12:37:30
12:40:30
12:43:30
12:46:30
13:07:30
13:10:30
13:13:30
13:16:30
13:31:30
13:34:30
13:37:30
13:40:30
13:43:30
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
Time
926.557
938.773
942.733
947.083
947.509
947.627
950.083
949.350
943.881
941.205
945.265
945.988
935.756
941.730
945.162
947.218
947.653
944.518
947.571
947.761
949.882
961.385
962.066
964.418
963.445
960.672
958.351
946.633
947.760
942.330
***
934.819
933.886
931.251
933.860
923.617
920.721
913.548
908.471
905.285
907.881
908.978
–2
(W·m )
AHF
32455
927.728
938.480
943.331
946.641
948.242
947.452
949.812
950.372
945.811
941.891
947.122
946.251
936.430
941.021
944.631
947.602
947.402
945.031
947.642
948.652
950.702
961.494
962.634
965.174
963.424
961.244
958.403
947.322
948.272
943.161
935.380
934.009
934.700
931.359
933.979
922.538
920.707
913.766
908.835
904.875
907.985
908.385
(W·m )
–2
PMO6-CC
0403
928.243
938.599
942.824
946.433
947.450
946.622
949.615
949.955
946.596
941.479
947.431
946.328
935.722
941.066
944.783
946.834
946.562
944.432
947.135
948.109
950.501
961.111
962.741
963.457
962.811
961.180
958.578
946.728
947.318
943.145
935.783
934.806
934.086
931.343
932.881
922.072
919.752
913.971
908.054
905.259
907.660
908.464
(W·m–2)
AHF
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC
0803
PMO6-CC
0401
927.545
938.810
943.009
946.678
947.687
947.628
949.959
950.169
945.524
941.725
946.440
946.250
936.144
941.211
944.898
947.434
947.493
944.671
947.546
948.202
950.386
961.336
962.382
964.326
963.320
960.977
958.495
947.015
947.893
943.000
935.610
934.532
934.439
931.532
933.744
922.920
920.528
913.727
908.735
905.305
907.835
908.681
(W·m–2)
Average
945.075
957.016
960.521
964.040
966.141
964.741
968.250
968.963
963.356
960.552
964.752
965.456
***
***
***
963.613
963.611
960.812
964.345
964.730
967.188
978.422
977.760
980.234
979.208
977.826
976.433
963.173
963.888
959.677
951.272
950.922
950.567
948.462
950.580
939.381
936.583
929.910
925.700
921.143
922.899
924.648
(W·m–2)
1.018899
1.019393
1.018569
1.018339
1.019473
1.018059
1.019254
1.019779
1.018860
1.019993
1.019348
1.020296
***
***
***
1.017077
1.017011
1.017087
1.017729
1.017431
1.017679
1.017773
1.015979
1.016496
1.016493
1.017533
1.018714
1.017062
1.016873
1.017685
1.016740
1.017538
1.017260
1.018175
1.018030
1.017835
1.017441
1.017711
1.018668
1.017494
1.016593
1.017572
Ratio
Rep. of Korea
Pyranometer
CM21 090081
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
Appendix N, P.1
929.550
930.837
928.305
939.005
941.138
940.556
939.086
945.651
945.365
954.717
949.255
952.533
959.322
957.239
945.845
953.819
960.415
966.061
968.092
971.002
972.462
972.646
958.985
968.062
960.323
983.438
978.741
928.672
928.233
930.857
932.960
934.931
937.075
950.746
954.983
957.331
957.321
963.243
964.243
965.203
970.042
972.146
974.657
30 Jan 2012
09:31:30
09:34:30
09:37:30
09:40:30
09:43:30
09:46:30
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
10:13:30
10:16:30
10:31:30
10:34:30
10:37:30
10:40:30
10:43:30
10:46:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:40:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
31 Jan 2012
09:31:30
09:34:30
09:37:30
09:40:30
09:43:30
09:46:30
10:01:30
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
10:13:30
10:16:30
10:31:30
10:34:30
10:37:30
10:40:30
38
929.278
928.738
931.179
933.630
935.280
937.931
951.976
955.568
957.999
958.169
963.281
964.721
965.841
970.823
972.634
975.375
939.412
942.093
941.162
939.472
945.764
945.524
955.098
949.906
952.977
960.089
957.518
946.744
953.847
961.190
966.602
968.652
971.784
972.734
973.194
958.819
969.323
961.450
984.268
979.346
929.918
932.329
929.788
(hh:mm:ss)
10:04:30
10:07:30
10:10:30
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
Time
928.069
926.980
930.379
932.077
933.794
935.818
952.027
955.081
957.920
957.955
963.393
963.684
965.632
970.157
972.255
974.983
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
972.736
958.309
968.550
961.055
983.981
978.274
929.396
930.857
928.510
–2
(W·m )
AHF
32455
929.409
927.688
932.179
932.829
934.920
937.860
952.232
955.213
958.483
958.593
963.854
964.044
965.845
970.775
972.326
975.456
939.340
942.571
941.141
940.921
946.481
944.901
955.023
950.502
952.722
959.503
957.763
946.241
953.893
961.154
966.275
968.385
971.495
971.795
972.776
959.083
970.355
961.804
984.297
979.277
930.349
931.769
929.239
(W·m )
–2
PMO6-CC
0403
929.039
927.974
931.609
933.667
934.763
938.870
952.123
955.207
958.870
959.296
963.648
964.711
965.792
970.661
972.377
974.740
938.728
941.128
940.184
940.323
946.993
944.069
954.178
949.870
953.042
958.862
956.882
947.026
953.080
960.973
966.224
967.563
970.634
972.039
972.400
957.980
970.247
962.198
983.650
978.948
928.720
932.328
927.829
(W·m–2)
AHF
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC
0803
PMO6-CC
0401
928.893
927.923
931.241
933.033
934.737
937.511
951.821
955.210
958.121
958.267
963.484
964.281
965.663
970.492
972.347
975.042
939.121
941.733
940.761
939.950
946.222
944.965
954.754
949.883
952.818
959.444
957.351
946.464
953.660
960.933
966.290
968.173
971.229
972.258
972.750
958.635
969.307
961.366
983.927
978.917
929.587
931.624
928.734
(W·m–2)
Average
947.488
946.073
948.868
951.662
953.394
957.613
971.401
973.905
977.428
978.519
982.059
982.807
986.126
989.663
991.450
993.918
957.234
960.040
958.989
958.288
964.590
963.196
972.990
968.083
970.875
977.179
976.481
963.524
970.961
978.685
984.310
985.728
989.938
990.648
991.801
977.451
987.934
980.549
1003.307
998.382
947.518
949.635
947.196
(W·m–2)
1.020018
1.019560
1.018928
1.019966
1.019959
1.021442 )
1.020571
1.019571
1.020151
1.021135 )
1.019279
1.019212
1.021191 )
1.019754
1.019646
1.019359
1.019287
1.019440
1.019375
1.019510
1.019412
1.019292
1.019101
1.019160
1.018950
1.018485
1.019983
1.018024
1.018142
1.018474
1.018649
1.018132
1.019264
1.018915
1.019584
1.019628
1.019216
1.019954
1.019697
1.019884
1.019289
1.019333
1.019879
Ratio
Rep. of Korea
Pyranometer
CM21 090081
Appendix N, P.2
973.136
975.066
980.324
984.653
984.796
982.274
986.286
985.112
990.656
985.000
984.785
977.261
976.025
981.957
983.213
980.640
984.224
982.335
977.169
974.034
973.677
975.525
977.557
983.080
980.967
974.892
969.532
974.136
967.306
967.010
967.827
951.746
948.735
947.234
943.037
930.285
906.517
900.044
892.713
892.264
884.801
879.359
973.594
975.455
980.917
985.249
985.339
983.578
986.969
985.789
991.271
984.688
984.558
977.886
976.855
982.758
984.818
981.337
984.338
982.357
977.726
974.475
974.765
975.855
977.766
983.188
982.167
975.385
970.703
974.034
968.182
967.392
968.742
951.856
949.025
947.905
944.324
930.489
907.170
900.968
893.065
892.505
885.362
880.120
(hh:mm:ss)
10:43:30
10:46:30
11:01:30
11:04:30
11:07:30
11:10:30
11:13:30
11:16:30
11:31:30
11:34:30
11:37:30
11:40:30
11:43:30
11:46:30
12:01:30
12:04:30
12:07:30
12:10:30
12:13:30
12:16:30
12:31:30
12:34:30
12:37:30
12:40:30
12:43:30
13:01:30
13:04:30
13:07:30
13:10:30
13:13:30
13:16:30
13:31:30
13:34:30
13:40:30
13:43:30
13:46:30
14:01:30
14:04:30
14:07:30
14:10:30
14:13:30
14:16:30
(W·m–2)
–2
(W·m )
Time
972.511
975.506
981.059
985.403
984.446
983.008
986.769
985.490
991.001
984.542
984.737
977.163
976.262
981.595
981.812
981.434
984.125
982.513
977.674
974.347
976.548
976.404
979.021
983.247
983.919
974.901
968.042
973.440
967.612
966.768
967.995
952.132
948.429
947.922
943.620
930.018
906.577
899.747
893.080
892.292
883.621
879.321
–2
(W·m )
AHF
32455
973.446
975.986
981.187
986.008
984.918
983.517
987.448
985.868
991.559
985.028
984.307
977.336
977.506
982.737
985.148
981.757
984.507
983.037
977.896
975.016
974.876
976.736
977.856
982.407
982.087
976.126
970.245
974.066
968.695
967.455
967.905
952.602
950.022
947.472
944.151
929.569
907.215
900.924
893.873
892.653
885.752
880.161
(W·m )
–2
PMO6-CC
0403
973.638
976.005
981.247
985.529
984.444
983.412
987.918
986.101
990.949
983.624
984.085
977.601
978.643
982.316
983.697
981.204
982.956
983.640
978.037
975.404
974.835
977.477
978.350
981.670
982.607
975.187
967.355
973.180
967.280
967.031
967.671
952.259
949.001
947.483
943.955
929.445
906.991
901.263
894.068
893.086
884.531
879.883
(W·m–2)
AHF
32446
WRC & Regional Standard Pyrheliometers
PMO6-CC
0803
PMO6-CC
0401
973.265
975.604
980.947
985.368
984.788
983.158
987.078
985.672
991.087
984.576
984.495
977.449
977.058
982.273
983.738
981.274
984.030
982.777
977.700
974.655
974.940
976.400
978.110
982.718
982.350
975.298
969.175
973.771
967.815
967.131
968.028
952.119
949.042
947.603
943.817
929.961
906.894
900.589
893.360
892.560
884.813
879.769
(W·m–2)
Average
993.237
994.660
1000.992
1005.201
1003.464
1003.120
1007.329
1005.602
1010.240
1002.540
1003.945
996.929
997.975
1001.128
1003.962
1000.457
1001.154
1002.563
996.968
994.517
992.407
995.558
995.891
1001.131
1001.108
994.039
988.436
992.627
987.725
985.269
986.311
970.511
968.053
966.643
962.091
947.727
924.594
919.003
911.290
909.183
902.185
897.279
(W·m–2)
1.020521
1.019533
1.020435
1.020127
1.018964
1.020304
1.020516
1.020220
1.019325
1.018245
1.019757
1.019929
1.021408 )
1.019196
1.020559
1.019549
1.017402
1.020133
1.019707
1.020378
1.017916
1.019621
1.018179
1.018736
1.019096
1.019216
1.019873
1.019363
1.020572
1.018754
1.018887
1.019316
1.020031
1.020093
1.019361
1.019104
1.019517
1.020447
1.020071
1.018624
1.019633
1.019903
Ratio
Rep. of Korea
Pyranometer
CM21 090081
Appendix N, P.3
39
Appendix O
Plot of Measurement Values
This figure’s plots show the ratios of the final calibration factor K to all individual
calibration factors K(i). A corresponding histogram is shown on the right. The dashed
horizontal lines represent standard deviations.
The average of the K ratios (representing the reciprocal of the WRR reduction factor)
and the standard deviation are shown at the top of the plot along with the number of points
used to determine these values (the number in parentheses is the total number of data).
2012 Regional Pyrheliometer Comparison in Tsukuba, Japan
CMP-22 090081 (KOREA)
1.019105±0.000928 n=113(124)
1.030
Ratio
1.025
1.020
1.015
1.010
0
50
100
Number of data
40