7th World Summit for Small Wind 2016
Windturbines and telecom
telecom is the fastest growing source of CO2
Frits Ogg
O2G Sustainable Energy Solutions
The Netherlands
Husum 18 march 2016
Xzeres.com
Content
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Telecom base station, Provider, Infra
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Grid, off-grid and bad grid
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Energy use, rise of CO2 from telecom
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Solar/Wind, Batteries and Fuelcells
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Wind and businesscase
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CAPEX and OPEX
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Community wind and telecom
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Green power for mobile program
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Applications and Sources
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Bergey.com
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Worldwide telecom system
Base station
Base station
Telecom
Provider
Fortiswindenergy
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Telecom Base station sustainable
Kestrelwind.co.za
mdpi.com
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Providers – telecom infra
Telecom providers:
Tower and
infra
companies:
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Grid, off-grid and bad grid
Out of ~ 1,3 million base stations world wide (out of 1-4 million)
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Markets
By Product
By region
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North America
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Latin America
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Western Europe
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Eastern Europe
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APEJ
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Japan
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Middle East& Africa
Unreliable grid
l  Diesel
l  Diesel+Battery
l  Renewable Energy
Off-Grid
l  Diesel
l  Diesel+Battery
l  Renewable Energy
Reliable grid
Source: Green power for mobile
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Major drivers for the growth in offgrid and bad-grid towers
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Rural network expansion
Rural economy
Universal coverage mandate
Poor reach of grid power
infrastructure
Unreliable grid power supply
Source: Green power for mobile
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Energy use of a standard base station
Each diesel base
station ~ 20,000 l/yr.
l  The cost of running on
diesel $30,000 per year.
l  Fuel has to be
physically brought to the
site. Some remote
places, transported by
helicopter.
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mdpi.com
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Rise of CO2 use
If the MNOs and TowerCos continue to use diesel, as is the case for
more than 90% of all off-grid and bad-grid towers today:
• Diesel consumption for telecom towers will increase by 13-15%
from today’s levels, to over 150 million barrels per year. The resulting
annual cost of diesel will be over US$19 billion in 2020,
or US$5 per mobile-phone user per year.
• About 45 million tons of CO2 per year will be released.
Conversion to more efficient, greener alternative power solutions,
could save the industry US$13-14 billion annually. Adoption of these
green technologies at scale also has the potential to generate
approximately 40 million tons and US$100-500 million
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annually in carbon savings.
Source: GSMA – green power for telecom program
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Solar, Solar/Wind, Wind, Batteries and Fuelcells
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Solar
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Solar/Wind
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Wind
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Batteries
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Hydrogen and Fuel cells
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Variable speed DC
genset
+ energy conservation !
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With fuel cell: efoy-pro.com
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Wind worldwide
Source: irena.masdar.ac.ae/?map=103
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Businesscase
Business case for an existing site depends
on a number of factors;
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Average wind speed in the area-site
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Height of the tower
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Site load. Max load during the day
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Site design, No of TRX, Base station type,
Transmission, A/C
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Cost per kWh from the grid or total diesel costs
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Battery capacity
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Wind as a backup, primary source, solar elements
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Accessibility of the site
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Total cost of ownership
Source: Zephyr
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CAPEX OPEX TCO ESCO
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CAPEX
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OPEX
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TCO & INFRA
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ESCO
A traditional base station costs $120,000 to build.
A site powered by RE is slightly more expensive,
but the additional cost is won back in
operational savings after 15 to 18 months.
And after that, a company can save $120,000
to $150,000 in reduced operating costs over
a five-year period. (Source: Flexenclosure)
Priority on expanding networks and upgrading technology of active equipment.
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A crucial driver of the conversion to greener alternatives will be energy service
companies (ESCOs) that provide energy to towers owned by MNOs and TowerCos
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Many MNOs across the world, especially in Asia and Africa, are in the process of
selling off their tower assets, including the energy infrastructure, to third-party
structures. This trend, is expected to intensify. (Source: Green Power for Mobile)
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Community wind: using mobile to extend the grid or
using local community grid for mobile?
The consistent power requirements of a
mobile base station provide a stable
“constant load” demand for a bigger
investment in a village energy system,
powering both the station and local
homes and businesses.
Not only social benefit for communities but also improving
the business case for off-grid telecoms by:
(a) growing revenu streams,
(b) improving base station security,
(c) charging mobile phones for increased usage, or
(d) outsourcing power provision to third party companies
to achieve lower power cost.
GSM Association January 2010, Community
Power, Using Mobile to
Extend the Grid
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Community Wind (2)
Typically with more than
5 kilowatts (kW) of excess power
Communities will no longer
have to waste time travelling
long distances to charge devices.
Potential for 200,000 Community
Power projects worldwide,
which
could provide sustainable electricity to 120 million people.
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Radio interaction between SWT and
base station antenna's
F rançois L E P E NNE C ,TranVuL A,Marc
AUB R E E ,T imoG AL K IN,L outfiNUAY MI,S erge
E L E NG A
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Green power for mobile program
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Conclusions (in-between)
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Great chances for windturbines and kilowatt
windturbines but shift toward opex needed.
Reliability of the windturbine is important =>
proven track record.
Marketing SWT branche insufficient.
Chance to combine community wind and
telecom.
Much more solar powered telecom towers now
than wind or hybrid powered.
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Applications
Fortiswindenergy.com Kenya 4,5 m/s PV-Diesel-Wind
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More applications 2
Steca.com
Xzeres.com
Stectel.com
Bergey.com
Zephyr.com
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More applications 3
Icewind.is
Wishenergy.com
Kestrelwind.co.za
Leturbines.com
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Sources
Gsma.com
Fortiswindenergy.com
Regenpower.com
Steca.com
Mdpi.com
Zephyr.com
Fairmountweather.com
irena.masdar.ac.ae/?map=103 Kestrelwind.co.za
absak.com
Leturbines.com
efoy-pro.com
Icewind.is
Flexenclosure.com (e-site)
Wishenergy.com
Stectel.com
Bergey.com
Xzeres.com
Ifc.org/climatebusiness
My own Idea's for the telecom industry:
l Use cell towers to track windvelocity worldwide
l For grid coupled base stations: apply RE, for
emergency by natural and man-made disasters
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Vavuud.com
Thank you for your attention
fritsogg@gmail.com
@fishfrogg
My Ham Radio
call is PA2LIA
www.o2g.nl
skype:
frits.ogg
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