1. UNIT - 1
Measurement Errors
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What is measurement? What are the two basic requirements of any measurement?
List the advantages of an electronic measurement.
Define and explain the term 'Calibration '.
How the performance characteristics of an instrument are classified?
Define and explain the following static characteristics of an instrument :
i)
Accuracy ii) Precision iii) Static error iv) Resolution
v) Sensitivity v/) Threshold vii) Zero drift viii) Reproducibility
ix) Linearity and x) Stability [jan 05,08 jul 07]
2. Explain how the accuracy can be specified for an instrument.
3. Distinguish clearly between accuracy and precision.
4. State and explain the characteristics of precision.
5. Explain tile terms relative error and relative percentage error.
6. What is scale span of an instrument?
7. Define a dynamic response of an instrument.
8. Define the following terms,
i)
Speed of response ii) Lag iii) Fidelity iv) Dynamic error.
9. Define and explain the types of errors possible in an instrument.
10. Define limiting errors. Derive the expression for relative limiting error.
11. A moving coil voltmeter has a uniform scale with 100 divisions, the full scale
reading is 200 V and 1/10 of scale division can be estimated with a fair degree of
certainity. Determine the resolution of the instrument in volt. [Ans. : 0.2 V] [jul 06,
09]
12. A digital voltmeter has a read out range from 0-9999 counts. Determine the
resolution of the instrument in volt when the full scale reading is 9.999 [jan 05, 07.
Jul 09]
13. A true value of voltage across resister is 50 V. The instrument reads 49 V.
Calculate : i) Absolute error ii) percentage error iii) percentage accuracy.
14. What is sensitivity of voltmeters ? Explain.
15. What is a loading effect ? Explain with the suitable examples.
16. Explain the operation of basic d.c. voltmeter.
17. Explain the working of d.c. multirange voltmeter.
18. State the requirements of a multiplier.
19. Define the following terms as applied to an instrument: i) Accuracy and Precision ii)
Random error
ii)
Absolute and relative error iv) Gross error v) Systematic error vi)Resolution
20. Discuss briefly the different types of static errors of a measuring instrument.
21. Explain the working of a true RMS voltmeter with the help of a suitable block diagram.
22. Define sensitivity. I)Determine the value of the multiplier resistance of 100Ω.
Ii)Determine the value of the multiplier resistance on the 50V range of a dc voltmeter that
uses a 250μA meter movement with an internal resistance of 100Ω.
23. Give the difference between peak responding and average responding voltmeters.
24. Calculate the value of the multiplier resistance on the 100V range of a dc voltmeter that
uses a 100mA meter movement with an internal resistane of 100Ω.