Powador
XP500/550-HV-TL
Operating Instructions
n English Version
GM05201m

Operating Instructions
- English Version -
Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
General Instructions for Installers and Operators
1
General Notes.........................................4
6
1.1
About this documentation........................ 4
6.1Warning.................................................. 45
1.2
Name plate............................................... 6
6.2Fault........................................................ 46
1.3
Intended use............................................. 7
6.3
1.4
Safety instructions..................................... 7
7Maintenance/Cleaning........................56
Faults and Warnings............................45
Solution for Error code............................ 48
2Service.....................................................8
7.1
Maintenance intervals............................. 57
3
Unit Description.....................................9
7.2
Cleaning and replacing the fans.............. 58
3.1
Technical Data........................................... 9
8Parameters............................................59
3.2Dimensions............................................. 11
8.1
PV Array parameters............................... 59
3.3
Components inside the inverter............... 13
8.2
Inverter parameters................................. 61
4
Transportation and Delivery............... 15
8.3
Grid parameters...................................... 61
4.1Delivery................................................... 15
8.4
Time Parameters..................................... 70
4.2Transportation......................................... 15
8.5
Digital Parameters .................................. 70
5Storage/Installation/Start-up..............16
8.6
Analog Parameters ................................. 71
5.1Storage .................................................. 16
8.7
Controller Parameters ............................. 72
5.2
Transporting the unit to the installation
location .................................................. 16
9
User interface.......................................88
5.3
Selecting the installation location............ 17
9.1
External TO AC Power supply ................. 89
5.4
Electrical connection............................... 18
9.2
Digital Input/output ............................... 89
9.3
RS485 Interface ..................................... 93
9.4
Analog input........................................... 95
10
Overview circuit Diagram....................98
5.5Start-up.................................................. 26
5.6Operation............................................... 28
5.7
User interface.......................................... 31
5.8
MMI menu structure and details.............. 32
5.9
MMI main menu..................................... 33
11Decommissioning/Dismantling...........99
12Disposal..............................................100
5.10 MMI submenus....................................... 35
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 3
General No tes
1
General Notes
1.1
About this documentation
WARNING
Improper handling of the inverter can be dangerous
›› You must read and understand the operating instructions before you can install and
use the inverter safely.
1.1.1 Other applicable documents
During installation, observe all assembly and installation instructions for components and other parts of the
system. These instructions are delivered together with the respective components and other parts of the
system. Some of the documents which are required to register your photovoltaic system and have it
approved are included with the operating instructions.
1.1.2 Retention of documents
These instructions and other documents must be stored near the system and be available whenever they are
needed.
Page 4
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
General Not es
1.1.3 Description of safety instructions
DANGER
Imminent danger
Failure to observe this warning will lead directly to serious bodily injury or death.
WARNING
Potential danger
Failure to observe this warning may lead to serious bodily injury or death.
CAUTION
Low-risk hazard
Failure to observe this warning will lead to minor or moderate bodily injury.
ATTENTION
Hazard with risk of property damage
Failure to observe this warning will lead to property damage.
NOTE
Useful information and notes.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 5
General No tes
1.1.4 Symbols used in this document
General danger symbol
Information
High voltage
Risk of burns
1.1.5 Description of actions
Action
"" Perform this action
"" (Possibly additional actions)
The result of your action(s)
1.1.6 Abbreviations
MMI
Man Machine Interface
RPC
Remote Power Control
PEBB
Power Electronics Building Block
APS
Anti –islanding method
PSI
PEBB Signal Interface board
ACI
protocol
Advanced Communication Interface
(KACO Communication protocol)
ASI
Analog Signal Interface board
PLL
Phase Locked Loop
GUI
Graphic User Interface
XCU
XP Control Unit (Inverter control system)
MPPT
Maximum Power Point Tracking
CAN
Controller Area Network
MPP
Maximum Power Point
FPGA
Field-Programmable Gate Array
Vdc
PV Voltage
DSP
Digital Signal Processor
FRT
Fault Ride Through
ADC
Analog to Digital Converter
CEI 0-21
Italia grid code
NVSRAM Non-volatile Static RAM
1.2
Name plate
The name plate is located on the inside of the left door of the two housing components.
Page 6
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
General Not es
1.3
Intended use
The inverter converts the DC voltage generated by the photovoltaic (PV) modules into AC voltage and feeds this
into the power grid. The inverter is built according to the state of the art and recognized safety rules. Nevertheless, improper use may cause lethal hazards for the operator or third parties, or may result in damage to the
unit and other property. The inverter may be operated only with a permanent connection to the public power
grid.
Any other or additional use is not considered the intended use. Examples of unintended use include:
•Mobile use
•Use in rooms where there is a risk of explosion
•Use in rooms where the humidity is higher than 95%
1.4
Safety instructions
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after the
inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious injury
or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator are allowed
to open, install and maintain the inverter.
›› Keep all doors and covers closed when the unit is in operation.
›› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off!
The electrician is responsible for observing all existing standards and regulations.
•Above all, be sure to observe standard IEC 60364-7-712:2002, “Requirements for Special Installations or
Locations – Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Power Supply Systems”.
•Ensure operational safety by providing for proper earthing, conductor dimensioning and appropriate
protection against short circuiting.
•Observe the safety instructions located on the inner sides of the doors.
•Switch off all voltage sources and secure them against being inadvertently switched back on before performing visual inspections and maintenance.
•When taking measurements while the inverter is live:
–– Do not touch the electrical connections.
–– Remove jewelry from your wrists and fingers.
–– Make sure that the testing equipment is in good and safe operating condition.
•Stand on an insulated surface when working on the inverter.
•Generally, the inverter may not be modified.
•Modifications to the surroundings of the inverter must comply with national and local standards.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 7
S e rv ice
2
Service
If you need help solving a technical problem with one of our KACO products, please contact our service
hotline. Please have the following information ready so that we can help you quickly and efficiently:
•Inverter type / serial number
•Fault message shown on the display / Description of the fault / Did you notice anything unusual? / What has
already been done to analyse the fault?
•Module type and string circuit
•Date of installation / Start-up report
•Consignment identification / Delivery address / Contact person (with telephone number)
You can find our warranty conditions on our website:
http://kaco-newenergy.de/de/site/service/garantie
From there, you can easily navigate to our international websites by clicking on the appropriate flag. Please
use our website to register your unit within 24 months:
http://kaco-newenergy.de/en/site/service/registrieren
You can also select the appropriate flag on this page to access the website for your own country.
In this manner, you can assist us in providing you with the quickest service possible. In return, you receive two
additional years of warranty coverage for your unit.
Note: The maximum length of the warranty is based on the currently applicable national warranty conditions.
We have prepared a template for complaints. It is located at
http://www.kaco-newenergy.de/en/site/service/kundendienst/index.xml.
Hotlines
Technical troubleshooting
Technical consultation
Inverters (*)
+49 (0) 7132/3818-660
+49 (0) 7132/3818-670
Data logging and accessories
+49 (0) 7132/3818-680
+49 (0) 7132/3818-690
Construction site emergency (*)
+49 (0) 7132/3818-630
Customer helpdesk
Monday to Friday from 7:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (CET)
(*) Also on Saturdays from 8:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. (CET)
Page 8
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Unit Descr ipt ion
3
Unit Description
3.1
Technical Data
Model
XP500-HV-TL
XP550-HV-TL
600kW
660kW
DC Input
PV Max. generator Power
MPP range
550V ~ 830V
Operating DC voltage range
550V ~ 1000V
Max. permissible DC voltage
1100V1*
Max. permissible DC current
1091A
1200A
Number of DC inputs
6
AC Output
Rated power
500kVA
Grid voltage
Rated current
550kVA
3*370V (±10%)
780A
858A
Grid frequency
50Hz / 60Hz
THD of grid current
< 3% at rated power
power factor (cos θ)
≥ 0.99 at rated power
0.8 leading … 0.8 lagging (Adjustable)
Power Consumption
Internal consumption in operation
< 1% of rated power (< 1650W)
Internal consumption in stand-by
< Approx. 110W
External auxiliary supply voltage
208V ~ 240V, 50Hz / 60Hz
Efficiency
Max. efficiency
98.7%
98.7%
Euro efficiency
98.2%
98.2%
Environment
Operating temperature range
-20°C ~ +50°C
Storage temperature range
-20°C ~ +70°C
Relative humidity
Max. altitude above mean sea level
0 ~ 95% (non condensing)
2000m (as per IEC 62040/3)
Cooling
Audible noise
Forced Fan
< 70dB
Table 1: Electrical data of the inverter
1100Vdc is no-load voltage. And max. operating voltage is 1000Vdc
1*
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 9
Unit D esc rip tion
Model
Protection class
XP500-HV-TL
XP550-HV-TL
IP21
indoor use only according IEC 62109-1:2010
Physical Parameters
Dimensions(H/W/D) in mm
2120 / 2400 / 870
Weight
Power Density
1656Kg
0.1242W/cm3
0.1130W/cm3
Standard
EMC
EN61000-6-2, EN61000-6-4, EN61000-3-3, EN61000-3-12
Certificates
Grid monitoring
CE, KTL
In accordance with BDEW
directive
RD1663
In accordance with BDEW
directive
ENEL 2010
RD1663
Features
Display
TFT- LCD with Touch screen
Ground fault detection
Yes
Heating
Yes
Emergency stop
Yes
Overvoltage protection device
AC / DC
Yes / Yes
Overvoltage protection for Ethernet
Yes
Overvoltage protection device for
auxiliary supply
Yes
Interfaces
Communication
Analog input
Argus box string-monitor
2 × RS485 / Ethernet / USB
4 × UAI2*
RS485
User Digital Input / Output3*
1/1
S0 input / output4*
1/1
Table 1: Electrical data of the inverter
UAI: User Analog Input. 4 inputs are 1×irradiation input, 1×module temperature, 1×ambient temperature,
1×wind speed. (Option)
3*
UDIO: User Digital Input - 1×Start/Stop signal of the inverter. User Digital Output - 1×External fault signal.
4*
So-impulse signal for energy meter.
2*
Page 10
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Unit Descr ipt ion
3.2
Dimensions
Figure 1: Dimension of the inverter [mm]
Figure 2: Dimension of the inverter base Bottom View (Cable Entry) [mm]
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 11
Unit D esc rip tion
Figure 3: Dimension of the inverter base Bottom View (Anchor Bolt) [mm]
Page 12
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Unit Descr ipt ion
3.3
Components inside the inverter
Left side
19
18
1
17
2
16
3
15
4
5
14
6
13
7
12
11
8
9
10
Figure 4: Components inside the inverter (left side)
Key
1
Ground fault detection (Voltage type)
11
Control power transformer
2
PSIM (Master control for interface)
12
DC connection
3
24V voltage supply
EMC Filter for control power
13
DC fuses
4
24V voltage supply
14
Overvoltage protection (SP1 - DC side)
5
Control system
15
DC switch
6
Fuse protection for voltage supply
circuit breaker for control power
Overvoltage protection
(SP3 - Control power side, SP4 - Ethernet side)
16
Heater
7
Terminals for user connection
17
DC current transformer
8
Earthing bar
18
PEBB (IGBT block)
9
FRT diode
19
Door sensor
10
FRT transformer
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 13
Unit D esc rip tion
Right side
11
10
1
9
2
8
7
3
6
4
5
Figure 5: Components inside the inverter (right side)
Key
1
EMC Filter (Grid side)
7
Circuit breaker for control power,
AC Overvoltage protection (SP2 - AC side)
2
AC switch
8
AC current transformer
3
LC filter (inductor)
9
AC contactor
4
AC(grid) connection to the External transformer
10
AC fan
5
Earthing bar
11
Door sensor
6
LC filter (capacitor)
Page 14
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
T ransp o rta t ion and Deliver y
4
Transportation and Delivery
4.1
Delivery
The inverters leave our factory in proper electrical and mechanical condition. Special packaging ensures that
they are transported safely. The shipping company is responsible for any damage that occurs during transportation.
4.1.1 Scope of delivery
•Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
•Documentation
Check your delivery
"" Inspect the inverter thoroughly.
"" Notify the shipping company immediately if you discover any damage to the packaging which indicates
that the inverter may have been damaged or if you discover any visible damage to the inverter.
"" Send the damage report to the shipping company right away. It must be received by them within six days
following receipt of the inverter. We will be glad to help you, if necessary.
4.2
Transportation
The inverter should be shipped using the original packaging to ensure that it is transported safely.
Each of the two inverter cabinets is delivered on a pallet.
CAUTION
Impact hazard, risk of breakage to the inverter
The centre of gravity is located in the upper part of the inverter.
›› Transport the inverter in an upright position.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 15
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
5
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.1
Storage
When inverters are in storage, the following conditions are required. If not, this may cause failures. The company will not be responsible for the problems if following condition is not observed.
•The unit should be stored indoor in its original packaging when it’s being stored more than 6 months. If its
original packaging is removed, it should be stored indoor in a cool, dry place.
•When the unit is stored outdoor, please keep the remained original packaging and do not leave the unit outside more than 3 days.
•Storage temperature: -20°C ~ +70°C
•Relative humidity: 0% ~ 95% (Non-condensing)
•When inverter is stored under high humidity condition for long term period, it has to be dried out sufficiently
more than 1 day before connecting to the power.
CAUTION
Inverter Storage Caution
Inverters need to be sotred at the correct temperature and correct humidity. If not,
this may cause failures.
5.2
Transporting the unit to the installation location
Once it has arrived at the installation location, the inverter may be transported using the designated eyebolts
only. These are located on the top of the inverter housing.
CAUTION
Impact hazard, risk of breakage to the inverter
The centre of gravity is located in the upper part of the inverter.
›› Transport the inverter in an upright position.
Transporting the inverter
"" Transport the inverter in an upright position.
"" Attach a rope (1) to the two eyebolts on the left.
"" Attach a second rope (2) to the eyebolts on the right.
"" Attach both ropes to a hook, making sure that the ropes do not cross each other.
"" Position the hook at the middle of the unit.
Page 16
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
(1)
(2)
Figure 6: Transporting the unit at the installation location
5.3
Selecting the installation location
NOTE
The maximum flow rate of the cooling air is 6940m³ per hour.
Please keep this value in mind when you select the installation location.
Floor
•Must have adequate load-bearing capacity
•The building material must meet the requirements of building material class B1 (“Flame-resistant Building
Materials”, in accordance with DIN EN 13501-1)
Room
•Should be as dry as possible
•Must be indoors (IP21)
•The installation location must be climate-controlled in order to dissipate the waste heat
•Additional ventilation should be provided, if necessary
•Do not install in a room where there is a risk of explosion
Clearance between walls and ceiling
•Must be accessible for installation and maintenance
•Air circulation may not be blocked
•You do not have to provide for clearance on the sides or to the rear of the unit
•Minimum clearance between unit and ceiling 60cm
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 17
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
Figure 7: Ventilation for the inverter [mm]
5.4
Electrical connection
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after
the inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious
injury or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
›› Use extreme caution when working on the unit.
›› Disconnect the AC and DC sides.
›› Secure them against being inadvertently switched back on.
›› Connect the inverter only after the aforementioned steps have been taken.
Page 18
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
5.4.1 Electrical connection between the inverter cabinets
An electrical connection must be made between the inverter cabinets. This applies to the controller as well as
the bus bars. The bus bars are included with the inverter. They are placed in one of the cabinets.
Connecting the bus bars
"" Slide the three bus bars through the upper opening in each of the housings.
"" Use the screws that are supplied to screw down the bus bars on both sides (tightening torque: 25Nm).
Connecting the controller
"" Pull the cables for the controller from the left cabinet through the lower opening in each of the housings and into the right cabinet.
"" Connect the cables for the controller in the right cabinet. The plug connectors are appropriately marked.
1
2
3
Figure 8: Electrical connection for the cabinets
Key
1
Bus bar connection on the left side
2
Bus bar connection on the right side
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
3
Controller connection on the right side
Page 19
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
5.4.2 Protective earth connection
Connect the PE bus bars
The PE (protective earth) bus bars are located on the left and right sides of the inverter cabinets.
"" Connect the wires for “both” PE bus bars.
Earth the inverter
"" Determine the lay-out of the permanent wiring.
"" Secure the protective earths (tightening torque for PE terminals: 25Nm). Do not use plug connections.
"" Check whether all connected cables are securely attached and protected from mechanical forces.
"" Attach the Plexiglas cover.
Figure 9: PE busbar
Page 20
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
5.4.3 Connecting to the external transformer (AC connection)
The inverter is connected to the power grid using a 3-phase connection. The connection for the power grid is
located in the right side of the housing, at the bottom.
Use the screws that are supplied to screw down the bus bars on both sides.
Connection data
Number of AC Cables (A,B,C)
6
Max. Cable diameter for each phase
300mm2 x 2
Tightening torque for AC terminal connections
43Nm
Cable lug hole size
12mm ~ 14mm
Connect the cables
Each cable corresponds to one phase.
"" Guide the cables through the opening. Be sure to connect each of the cables to the correct terminal.
"" Screw down the cables.
"" Check to make sure that all of the cables are securely attached.
R
S
T
Figure 10: AC connection
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 21
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
5.4.4 Connection for the PV generator (DC connection)
The DC connection is located in the left side of the housing, at the bottom.
Connection data
DC input terminal
+6, -6
Max. Cable diameter for each fuse
240mm2 x 2
Tightening torque for DC terminal connections
43Nm
Cable lug hole size
12mm ~ 14mm
DANGER
Lethal voltages in the PV system
Lethal voltages are present in the PV system.
›› Make absolutely sure that the plus and minus poles are properly insulated.
Connect the cables
Each cable corresponds to a specific pole.
"" Connect the cables to the poles. Make sure the polarity is correct.
"" Screw down the cables.
"" Check to make sure that all of the cables and seals are securely attached.
P P P P P P
N N N N N N
Figure 11: DC connection
NOTE
Use only the optional earthing kit to earth the PV generator.
Page 22
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
5.4.5 Connection for the DC Cable
Figure 12: Bolt & NH Fuse
Item
Description
A
M12 Bolt
Fuse Cover-1
B
Flat Washer
Fuse Cover-2
C
Spring Washer
Fuse
D
M12 Nut
Fuse Base
Table 2: Parameters of operating states
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 23
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
Single-cable
Dual-cable
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
NOTE
Bolt Torque: 43Nm
Page 24
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
5.4.6 Connecting the external voltage supply
The external voltage supply supplies the MMI, fans, measurement equipment, etc.
Connect the external voltage supply
The connection for the additional power supply is located in the left side of the inverter housing.
"" Connect the additional power supply to the terminals marked “TO” using single-phase 230V.
2
1
Figure 13: Connecting the external voltage supply
Key
1
User interface
2
TO (connection for auxiliary power supply) 230VL, 230VN (Max. Cable diameter - 2.5mm2)
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 25
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
5.5
Start-up
The circuit breakers must be switched on to start up the inverter. The circuit breakers switch on the control circuits.
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after
the inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious
injury or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
›› Keep all doors and covers closed when the unit is in operation.
›› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off!
Switch on the circuit breakers or Fuse
Step
Check
Action
1. Fuse F30, 31, 34, 35
Circuit breakers CB32, 38, 39, 40
ON
"" Proceed to Step 2
OFF
"" Switch on,
then proceed to Step 2
2. Circuit breakers MCB20, 21
ON
"" Proceed to Step 3
OFF
"" Switch on,
then proceed to Step 3
3. Circuit breakers CB33 or CB37
"" Switch on
"" Start up the inverter
NOTE
For NG and PG type Inverter, please do not operate MCB20 arbitrarily.
It may cause failure of the unit.
Page 26
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
2
1, 3
Figure 14: Cabinet (interior view)
Key
1
Fuse F30, 31, 34, 35
Circuit breakers CB32, 38, 39, 40
2
Circuit breakers MCB20, 21
3
Circuit breakers CB33 or CB37
When voltage is present at the inverter, it can be started up. Use the MMI interface screen (located in the left
side of the housing) to start up the inverter.
The inverter begins operation in a specified sequence. For more information, see section 5.2 (“Transporting
the unit to the installation location”)
If a fault occurs, the inverter cannot begin operation. For more information on faults, see section 6 (“Faults
and Warnings”).
Start up the inverter
Display
Check
Action
Error message on the MMI screen
NO
"" Select the ON button
YES
"" Reset using “Fault reset"
"" Select the ON button
NOTE
If the fault cannot be reset using “Fault reset”, please contact our service department.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 27
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
Fault
History
Statistics
79.0kW
Setup
75.8kW
45.0°C
380.0V
701.0V
ON OFF
Date/Time
Figure 15: MMI screen
5.6
Operation
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after
the inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious
injury or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
›› Keep all doors and covers closed when the unit is in operation.
›› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off!
5.6.1 Operating states
The Inverter has seven operating states. The explanations about each state are below.
Disconnected (default)
Before operation has commenced the inverter is in the disconnected state. In
this state, the inverter is totally isolated from the PV array and the utility grid.
Connecting to the PV array
When the inverter is in the “Disconnected” state, the ‘Inverter On’ button on
the GUI is selected and the PV voltage is kept above 400V for 5 seconds, the
system turns on the PV Array side contactor (PV_MC).
Connecting to Grid
When the inverter is in the “Connecting to PV Array” state and the PV voltage is kept above the value of “MPPT V Start” parameter during the time set
by “MPPT T start” parameter, the contactor on the grid side is turned on. The
inverter keeps this state for 8 seconds.
Initializing MPP
The inverter calculates the MPPT start voltage which is product of measurement of PV voltage and the parameter “MPP Factor”. After 5 seconds, the
inverter system enters into the “MPP start” state.
Table 3: Operating states
Page 28
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
MPP start
In this state, the inverter controls the PV voltage. Reference of the PV voltage
is determined by MPPT start voltage which is calculated at “Initializing MPP”
state.
MPPT
If the PV voltage approximates the MPP start voltage (value of “MPPT V
Start” parameter), the MPPT will start. The inverter follows the MPP target
value automatically, which is varied by irradiance values. If the MPP target
value is out of the allowable MPPT range ([MPP start voltage - MPP Range
lower] ~ [MPP start voltage + MPP range upper]), the system will return to the
“Initializing MPP” state and will recalculate the MPPT start voltage.
System stop (Disconnected)
When the “OFF” button in the GUI is selected, the PV Array side contactor
and the Grid side contactor are turned off and the system stops. If the output
power of inverter is kept below value of “MPPT P stop” parameter during
time of “MPPT T stop” parameter, connection to the grid is terminated.
Fault
If a fault occurs during operation, the system stops. The system resets the
fault and tries to remove the fault. In the case that system removes a fault
successfully, system restarts all by itself. The system tries to remove the fault
at intervals of “MPPT Start” parameter since the last try until trial count
reaches to the number set in an “Auto Fault Reset Count” parameter. After
the number reaches to the “Auto Fault Reset Count” parameter, the system
will log an error and the system will not try to restart.
Table 3: Operating states
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 29
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
5.6.2 Overview of operating states
Figure 16: Overview of operating states
Tag
Parameter
Default Value
TShift
Time Shift (Grid tab)
0 sec
Vpv_start
MPPT V Start (PV Array tab)
600V (above 500kVA: 700V)
Tstart
MPPT T Start (PV Array tab)
HV model: 300 sec, TL model: 900 sec
Vmpp_min
MPPT V Minimum (PV Array tab)
410V (above 500kVA capacity: 505V)
Pstop
MPPT P Stop (PV Array tab)
10kW (below 100kVA capacity: 1kW)
Tstop
MPPT T Stop (PV Array tab)
HV model: 30 sec, TL model: 60 sec
Table 4: Parameters of operating states
Page 30
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
5.7
User interface
The MMI has a graphic interface which you use to monitor and control the inverter. The MMI has the following functional features:
•The LCD screen displays the operating states, along with voltages, currents, frequencies, temperatures, output powers, status of errors/warning messages, and events. Pressing the MMI touch screen switches on the
LCD backlight. If the display is not activated within five minutes, the LCD backlight switches automatically off.
•Touch screen for navigating through the menus SD card: the MMI continually records data to the SD card.
When recording once every 10 minutes (around the clock), the maximum amount of data per year is 360KB.
When the SD card is full, the oldest data is overwritten.
•Configuration of country-specific settings (power grid standard, maximum/minimum voltage/frequency)
•Ethernet interface for monitoring and service, network connection for remote use
•RS485 interface for logging and transferring data
•USB interface for connecting external units (e.g. laptop computer)
1
4
5
3
6
2
8
7
Figure 17: Front of the MMI
Figure 18: Rear of the MMI
Key
1
Protective cover
5
Ethernet interface
2
MMI touch screen, LCD
6
RS232 interface (internal interface)
3
USB interface
7
RS485 interface
4
Power connection
8
SD card
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 31
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
5.8
MMI menu structure and details
The MMI menu is structured hierarchically.
•The blue areas (rounded corners) are functions that are activated by pressing a button.
•The green areas (square corners) are windows with additional content, such as submenus, measured values
and buttons. These functions are reserved for authorized electricians.
Fault
Fault Reset
History
Calendar
Day
Month
Statistics
Year
Date/Time
Digital
Setup
Main menue
Analog
Recording
Delete All Statistics
RS485
Setup RS485 Interface
Language & Country
PV Array
Power Meter Clear
PV array
User configuration
Inverter
Network
Grid
Service
Cos-phi
Software Upgrade
MMI
Information
C6x
String monitoring
Inverter
Grid
Start Inverter
Stop Inverter
Stop speaker
SD card safe-remove
Blue:
functional screens
Yellow:
special functional buttons
Figure 19: MMI menu structure
Page 32
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
5.9
MMI main menu
Displayed button colors
Fault
History
79.0kW
Statistics
Setup
75.8kW
45.0°C
380.0V
701.0V
ON OFF
Circuit breakers
MC21 + CB20
Meaning
Green
Normal operation
Red
Fault (not for switches CB10, MC21
and CB20)
Grey
Not in use
Date/Time
Circuit breaker
CB10
Colour
SD card
Speaker
Figure 20: Display when the MMI starts up
5.9.1 Changing the SD card, status display
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after
the inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious
injury or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
›› Keep all doors and covers closed when the unit is in operation.
›› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off!
Insert the SD card
“No SD in slot” icon
"" Open the inverter. The inverter shuts down.
"" Slide the SD card into the slot until it locks into place.
"" Close the inverter.
"" Press the ON button. The inverter starts up.
“SD card in slot” icon
The inverter checks the card. If the SD card was detected, the “SD card in slot” icon appears in
the lower right-hand corner of the display.
"" Press the SD card icon.
"" Wait until the SAFE icon is displayed.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 33
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
Remove the SD card
SAFE
“Data was saved to the SD card” icon
You can remove the SD card. The icon is displayed for one minute.
"" Open the inverter.
"" Remove the SD card by gently pressing and then releasing it. The SD card will pop out
slightly. You can now remove it.
"" Close the inverter and start it up.
NOTE
Do not remove the SD card until the SAFE icon is displayed so that it will be detected by the
MMI when you reinsert it.
5.9.2 Status display for speaker
Audible signal when you press the LCD screen
No signal
5.9.3 Using the main menu
Press button
Result / Function
PV Array
The measured values for the PV generator are displayed.
Inverter
The measured values for the inverter are displayed.
Power grid (AC connection)
The measured values for the power grid are displayed.
ON
Switches on the inverter.
OFF
Switches off the inverter.
Speaker
Switches speaker on/off.
Table 5: button function
Page 34
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
5.10 MMI submenus
5.10.1 PV Array
Return to next higher level
String monitoring is activated
PV Array
Buttons
Strings
Power (kW)
Voltage (V)
Current (A)
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cell Temp. (°C)
Isolation R (kΩ)
0.0
Irr. (W/m2) Ambi.Temp. (°C) Wind (m/s)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Display
Meaning
Measured
values
Current measured values for
the PV Array
Strings
String monitoring is activated
Figure 21: “PV Array” screen
5.10.2 String monitoring
Changes to the configuration for the current sensors first become effective after five minutes.
Magenta dots:
Actual current
values
Yellow bars:
Average current values,
faulty channel
Strings
Return to the
previous level
Current
actual values
Only current actual values
are displayed during the
first five minutes after the
function has been activated.
Average current
values of the
channels
The actual values for the
last five minutes are
recorded (sampling period:
every 30 seconds)
Average of all
current values
(channels)
Average of all current
values (channels)
Page :
12
9.6
7.2
4.8
2.4
0
0
5
Green bars:
Average current values,
functioning channel
10
15
20
25
30
Light blue line:
Average of all channels
Figure 22: “String monitoring” screen
If the average of one channel deviates from the average of all channels by more than the specified range of
tolerance and if this persists for longer than a specified delay period, this channel is assumed to be defective.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 35
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
5.10.3 Inverter
5.10.4 Power grid
Display of measured values for the inverter.
Display of measured values for the power grid.
Inverter
Grid
Heatsink (°C)
Power (kW)
0.0
0.0
Voltages (V)
0.0
0.0
0.0
Voltages (V)
0.0
0.0
0.0
Currents (A)
0.0
0.0
0.0
Currents (A)
0.0
0.0
0.0
Frequency (Hz)
Frequency (Hz)
0.0
Figure 23: “Inverter” screen
0.0
Figure 24: “(Power) Grid” screen
5.10.5 Faults and warnings
Display current faults and warnings.
Fault
Fault reset
Code Fault message
Correct current faults
F
W
2
3
"" Press “Fault reset”.
L3
L3
L3
Arrows
Scroll through several pages
The control unit is instructed to correct current
faults. After a few seconds have passed, the
fault list is empty.
Symbols for
types of errors
Figure 25: “Fault” screen
Icon
Fault type
F (red)
Serious fault
W (yellow)
Warning
Page 36
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
5.10.6 History
This screen displays a list with a maximum of 100 faults, warnings and events that most recently occurred in the
inverter.
History
Description
Date/Time
E
F
2
3
W
L3
E
Arrows
Scroll through several pages
Icon
Event type
E (purple)
Event
F (red)
Serious fault
W (yellow)
Warning
Symbols for
types of events
Figure 26: “History” screen
5.10.7 Statistics
The statistics function displays the data that was recorded on the SD card as a diagram.
Statistics
Select time period
Specific date
1.
1.
Day
2010
Month
"" Select one of the three combination fields.
Day (daily statistics)
Month (monthly statistics)
Year (annual statistics)
Year
"" Select a specific date.
Figure 27: “Statistics” screen
Statistic display
Parameter selection
Grid power
x
x
x
PV power
x
x
x
PV voltage
x
-
-
100
PV current
x
-
-
80
PV temperature
x
-
-
Insolation
x
-
-
Line voltage
x
-
-
Day
Grid power (kW)
Jun 13, 2009
60
40
20
0
07:00
09:00
11:00
13:00
15:00
17:00
19:00
Figure 28: “Day” screen with daily statistics
Statistics are available as long as the relevant parameters were recorded. Recording is activated for all values by
default. Monthly and annual statistics are recorded over the time period as cumulative values.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 37
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
Monthly statistics
Annual statistics
Parameter selection
Month
Parameter selection
Year
PV power (kW)
600
18000
500
15000
Jan, 2009
400
300
9000
6000
100
3000
5
0
10
15
20
25
30
Figure 29: “Month” screen with monthly
statistics for the last nine months
2009
12000
200
0
Grid power (kW)
0
2
0
4
8
6
10
12
Figure 30: “Year” screen with annual statistic
5.10.8 Settings
Change settings
"" Use this menu to change the settings that influence how the inverter operates.
"" Use the buttons in the upper right-hand corner to switch between the two screens.
Button for switching
Button for switching
Setup (2/2)
Setup (1/2)
Date/Time
Digital
RS485
Language &
Country
Analog
User
configuration
Figure 31: “Setup (1/2)” screen
Page 38
Recording
Network
Service
Software
upgrade
Information
Figure 32: “Setup (2/2)” screen
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
Date/Time
NOTE
Set the current date and local time. This setting affects the logging functions
(event log and statistics).
Date/Time
Year
0
Set
Month
0
Set
Day
0
Set
Hour
0
Set
Minute
0
Set
1
2
Figure 33: “Date/Time” screen
Change system time
"" This is where you set the current date and local time.
After the values have been changed, it takes up to one minute for the time data that is displayed in the main
menu to be updated.
Recording
Specify which values will be recorded
Recording
"" Set the recording interval (in minutes).
"" On pages 1 and 2 you specify which values
are to be recorded.
1
2
You can use this menu item to delete all of the
statistics data on the SD card (if necessary).
Intervall (min)
10
Set
Grid power
ON
Set
PV power
ON
Set
PV voltage
ON
Set
PV current
ON
Set
Figure 34: “Recording” screen
Recording settings
ID
Name
Unit
Factory setting
Min.
Max.
0
Recording Interval
minute
10
10
60
1
Grid Power
-
ON
OFF
ON
2
PV Power
-
ON
-
ON
Table 6: Recording settings
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 39
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
ID
Name
Unit
Factory setting
Min.
Max.
3
PV Voltage
-
ON
-
ON
4
PV Current
-
ON
-
ON
5
PV Temperature
-
ON
-
ON
6
Irradiation
-
ON
OFF
ON
7
Grid Voltage
-
ON
OFF
ON
8
Delete All Statistics
-
N/A
-
-
Table 6: Recording settings
Language and country settings
NOTE
Improper parameters will render the system inoperable.
Make only the country-specific settings for your country.
Language & Country
English Deutsch Español
ೠҴয
Français Italiano
日本語
DE
ES
FR
IT
KR
GR
CZ
CY
CH
UK
JP
Figure 35: “Language & Country” screen
Set languages
"" Press the appropriate button for your language. This sets the display language for the MMI.
Available languages: English, German, Spanish, Korean, French, Italian, Japanese.
Set country-specific parameters
"" Press the button that shows the flag of your country.
The parameters for the country-specific power grids are stored.
Available country: Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Korea, Greece, Czech, Cyprus, China, United Kindom, Japan.
Page 40
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
Network
Network
Static
Set
IP
192.168.10.11
Set
Netmask
255.255.255.0
Set
Gateway
192.168.10.1
Set
Web Port
82
Set
Config
Figure 36: “Network” screen
Configure the network for the MMI
"" Select static and dynamic IP addresses via DHCP service requests.
"" Change the web port used for monitoring the inverter via the web.
"" Open the web monitoring service using the MMI`s IP address and web port (e.g. http://192.168.10.11:82).
Software upgrade
If an update is available (for example, when new functions are added), use the SD card to update the inverter
software.
NOTE
SAFE
Do not remove the SD card until the SAFE icon is displayed so that it will be detected by the
MMI when you reinsert it.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 41
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
Updating the software for the MMI
NOTE
SAFE
Do not remove the SD card until the SAFE icon is displayed so that it will be detected by the
MMI when you reinsert it.
Update the MMI software
Perform the following steps in the indicated sequence:
"" Copy the software image file (*.img) to the SD card.
"" Insert the SD card into the MMI.
"" Select “Setup” → “Software upgrade”.
"" Select “MMI” and press “Start”.
"" A dialog box is then displayed.
"" Confirm the message to indicate that you understand that this process cannot be undone.
A dialog box for opening files is then displayed.
"" Select the image file that you copied earlier.
"" Press the “Open” button.
The MMI displays the progress of the upgrade. After a short period of time, the system is restarted.
NOTE
If the image file is faulty, an error message is displayed and normal operation is resumed.
Search in:
Software upgrade
/mnt/sdcard
mmi_v107.img
MMI
C6x
MMI
Start
Figure 37: Software upgrade screen
Page 42
File name:
mmi_v107.img
File type:
*.img
Open
Cancel
Figure 38: Dialog box for opening files
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Sto rag e/In st allat ion/St ar t -up
Software upgrade
MMI
Software upgrade
Synchronyzing flash system
and SD-card controller
MMI
Software upgrade done!
Auto reboot after 5 sec. ...
Start
Figure 39: Upgrade process progress bar
Start
Figure 40: Restart dialog box
ATTENTION
Software damage due to an interruption of the synchronisation process
If the synchronising of the flash file system and the content of the SD card is
interrupted (e.g. due to a power failure), the software can be damaged and
the MMI may not be able to restart.
Update the C6x software
NOTE
SAFE
Do not remove the SD card until the SAFE icon is displayed so that it will be detected by the
MMI when you reinsert it.
Update the C6x software
Perform the following steps in the indicated sequence:
"" Make sure that the RS232 cable between the MMI and the control unit is connected.
"" Switch off the inverter. To do so, press the OFF button in the main menu.
"" Copy the software file (*.hex) to the SD card.
"" Insert the SD card into the MMI.
"" Select “Setup” → “Software upgrade”.
"" Select “C6x” and press “Start”.
A dialog box for opening files is then displayed.
"" Select the file that you copied earlier.
"" Press the “Open” button.
The MMI transfers the file to the control unit. If the file transfer was successful, the following message will
appear:
“MMI has finished upgrading XCU.”
The control unit has now been successfully upgraded.
An error message indicates that the process was not successfully completed.
"" Press the ON button in the main menu to activate system operation.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 43
S t o rag e/Installat ion/St ar t -up
Search in:
/mnt/sdcard
Computer
root
data
xcu.hex
xpconf
xpdata
File name:
xcu.hex
File type:
*.hex *.HEX *.Hex
Upgrade C6x
Communication between
the MMIto
and
the...control
Connecting
XCU
unit (XCU) is interrupted during the upgrade
process and automatically resumes once the
download is complete.
Open
Cancel
Figure 41: Dialog box for opening files
Figure 42: C6x upgrade screen
Upgrade C6x
PRESS BS KEY TO DOWNLOAD
FLASH LOCK OK!
SYSTEM STARTUP!
VERIFY FLASH CHECKSUM OK!
PARAMETERS CHECKSUM OK!
SYSTEM BOOT SUCCESS!
>>>MMI has finished upgrading XCU.
Figure 43: C6x upgrade screen (complete)
NOTE
Communication between the MMI and the control unit (XCU) is interrupted during the
upgrade process and automatically resumes once the download is complete.
5.10.9 Other menus and details
Some menus can only be accessed by service technicians from KACO new energy Inc., and are therefore not
described in this manual.
Page 44
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Faults and War nings
6
Faults and Warnings
When a problem occurs in the system, the Inverter will beep and inform the user on the GUI. The Inverter displays two basic error messages. The first, the fault, is a serious problem that causes the inverter to stop running.
The second, a warning, is a minor problem that does not cease the system operation. The GUI will indicate
faults in red and warnings in yellow. The user can find a description of the different fault and warnings in the
following Tables.
6.1
Warning
Message
Code
Description
SP1(PV SP) Failure
81
Failure of the PV side surge protector(SP1)
CB10(PV Contactor) Failure 82
PV side contactor(CB10) failure
PV Fuse Failure
83
PV side Fuse failure(option)
Ground Fault Warning
84
The insulation resistance of the PV falls short of the limit set in the
ground fault monitoring for Alert1(option)
PV Over Voltage
85
PV voltage exceeds the parameter [DC over voltage Level]
PEBB Over Temp. Warning
100
The temperature of the PEBB(Power Electronics Building Block) over
85°C(185°F)
PEBB Fan Failure
101
Failure of a PEBB(Power Electronics Building Block) fan
PEBB Temperature
Unbalance
102
The Difference of each PEBB temperature exceeds the operational
parameter [PEBB Temperature Unbalance Level]
SP2(Grid SP) Failure
110
Failure of the grid side surge protector(SP2)
ASYNC Warning
111
The phase synchronous of inverter and grid failure
Test Mode
120
The system is working in test mode
Watchdog
121
Abnormalities detection in the DSP
Invalid Parameter
125
Parameter is invalid value
Reconnection Condition
Warning
126
The grid voltage or frequency exceeds the reconnection condition
when reconnection to grid during operational parameter [Reconnection Condition Warning Delay] seconds
Cabinet Over Temp.
Warning
130
The temperature of the cabinet over the parameter [Cabinet Temperature Maximum]
Cabinet Under Temp.
Warning
131
The temperature of the cabinet falls below the parameter [Cabinet
Temperature Minimum]
SP3(Control Power SP)
Failure
132
Failure of the control side surge protector(SP3)
CB32 Open
133
Failure of the top fan or power supply
SMPS Warning
134
Failure of the control SMPS(Switching Mode Power Supply)
CAN TX Failure
135
CAN bus communication transmission failure
Table 7: Warning
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 45
Faults and War nings
Message
Code
Description
CAN RX Failure
136
CAN bus communication reception failure
CAN EP Failure
137
CAN bus communication Error-Passive error
CAN Bus-Off
138
CAN bus communication Bus-off error
CAN Wrong Message
139
Reception of Wrong message in CAN bus communication
CAN Time Out
140
Time out in CAN bus communication
CAN Multiple Master
141
There are multiple Masters in CAN bus communication
Message
Code
Description
PV Over Voltage
1
PV voltage exceeds the parameter [DC over voltage Level]
PV Over Current
2
PV current exceeds the parameter [DC over current Level]
CB10(PV CB) Trip
4
PV side circuit breaker(CB10) tripped
PV Polarity Failure
5
Polarity(+, -) of PV side is reversed
Ground Fault
6
PV side ground fault
Inv. Over Voltage
10
Inverter side Voltage over the parameter [Grid Over Voltage Level 2]
Inv. Under Voltage
11
Inverter side Voltage under the parameter [Grid Under Voltage Level 2]
Inv. Over Frequency
12
Inverter side Frequency over the parameter [Grid over Frequency Level 2]
Inv. Under Frequency
13
Inverter side Frequency under the parameter [Grid under Frequency
Level 2]
Inv. Over Current
14
Inverter side Current over the parameter [Inverter OverCurrent Level]
MC21(Inv. MC) Failure
15
Inverter side contactor(MC21) failure
Inv. Phase Order
16
Phase order failure on the inverter side, wrong phase rotation
Table 7: Warning
6.2
Fault
Inductor or TR Over Temp. 18
Inductor or Transformer temperature over 150°C
Inv. Current Unbalance
19
The unbalanced current of inverter side
PEBB(1) IGBT Fault
20
PEBB 1 IGBT failure
PEBB(2) IGBT Fault
21
PEBB 2 IGBT failure
PEBB(3) IGBT Fault
22
PEBB 3 IGBT failure
PEBB Over Temp. Analog
24
The temperature of the heat-sink over the parameter [Heatsink OT
Level] (Analog)
PEBB Over Temp. Digital
25
The temperature of the heat-sink over 100°C(Digital)
Grid Over Voltage 1
30
Grid side Voltage over the parameter [Grid Over Voltage Level 1]
Table 8: Fault
Page 46
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Faults and War nings
Message
Code
Description
Grid Under Voltage 1
31
Grid side Voltage under the parameter [Grid Under Voltage Level 1]
Grid Over Frequency 1
32
Grid side Frequency over the parameter [Grid Over Frequency Level 1]
Grid Under Frequency 1
33
Grid side Frequency under the parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 1]
Grid CB Trip
34
CB20(AC Disconnect/Grid circuit breaker) was tripped during operation
Grid Over Voltage 2
35
Grid side Voltage over the parameter [Grid Over Voltage Level 2]
Grid Under Voltage 2
36
Grid side Voltage Under the parameter [Grid Under Voltage Level 2]
Grid Under Frequency 2
37
Grid side Frequency Under the parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 2]
Grid Over Frequency 2
38
Grid side Frequency Over the parameter [Grid Over Frequency Level 2]
Parameters Version Error
40
Different version between the NVSRAM parameter table and the program parameter table
Flash Memory Failure
41
C6000 DSP program flash memory failure in XCU(main control) board
FPGA Failure
42
FPGA failure in XCU(main control) board
DSP28x Failure
43
F2000 DSP failure in XCU(main control) board
ADC Failure
44
ADC block failure in XCU(main control) board
NVSRAM Failure
45
NVSRAM Failure in XCU(main control) board or invalid parameter setting
Asynchronous
46
Synchronous fail of Grid and Inverter
CAN Failure
47
CAN bus communication failure
Emergency Stop
50
A door is open
MasterSlave Fault
52
Master Slave operation Failure
Grid Over Frequency Level3 57
Grid side Frequency over the parameter [Grid Over Frequency Level 3]
Grid Under Frequency
Level3
58
Grid side Frequency under the parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 3]
Grid Over Voltage Slow
59
Grid side Voltage over the parameter [Grid Over Voltage Level Slow]
(RMS average value per 10 min)
MMI-XCU Communication 63
Error
MMI-XCU communication Error
Table 8: Fault
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 47
Faults and War nings
6.3
Solution for Error code
The Inverter can detect faults during operation. The inverter will display the fault in the GUI. Faults are indicated
in the GUI with an error code, and a plain text message with the error code and system plant name in the text
line will be sent to the system operator (only available if purchased and configured during setup). This section
describes how to recognize the types of faults and how to correct these faults.
Warning
Code
Message
Warning description
Possible problem and Solution(s)
81
SP1(PV SP) Failure
Failure of the PV side surge
protector(SP1)
Possible problem
•Lightning strike on or near the PV system
wiring
Solution(s)
•Visual inspection
•Change the SPD
83
PV Fuse Failure
PV side Fuse failure(option)
Possible problem
•PV system wiring short
•Short circuit in the IGBT
Solution(s)
•Check the input current
•Check module wiring
•Change the FUSE
100
PEBB Over Temp.
Warning
The temperature of the
Possible problem
PEBB(Power Electronics Building •PEBB Fan Failure
Block) over 85°C(185°F)
Solution(s)
•Clean the filters or PEBB heat-sink fins
•Change the PEBB Fan
101
PEBB Fan Failure
Failure of a PEBB(Power Electronics Building Block) fan
Possible problem
•PEBB Fan Failure
Solution(s)
•Change the PEBB Fan
110
SP2(Grid SP) Failure
Failure of the grid side surge
protector(SP2)
Possible problem
•Lightning strike on or near the grid
system wiring
Solution(s)
•Visual inspection
•Change the SPD
120
Test Mode
The system is working in test
mode
Possible problem
•The system is working in test mode
Solution(s)
•Change the parameters in the GUI
Table 9: Warning
Page 48
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Faults and War nings
Code
Message
Warning description
Possible problem and Solution(s)
130
Cabinet Over Temp.
Warning
The temperature of the cabinet
over the parameter [Cabinet
Temperature Maximum]
Possible problem
•Cabinet Fan Failure
Solution(s)
•Clean the air filters
•Change the cabinet fan
131
134
Cabinet Under Temp. The temperature of the cabinet
falls below operational paramWarning
eters [Cabinet Temperature
Minimum]
•Ambient temperature is too low for
operation
SMPS Warning
Possible problem
Failure of the control SMPS
Possible problem
•Failure of the control SMPS
Solution(s)
•Change the control SMPS
135
CAN TX Failure
CAN bus communication
transmission failure
136
CAN RX Failure
CAN bus communication
reception failure
137
CAN EP Failure
CAN bus communication
Error-Passive error
•CAN bus communication Failure
138
CAN Bus-Off
CAN bus communication
Bus-off error
•Check the CAN bus Connection
139
CAN Wrong Message Reception of Wrong message in
CAN bus communication
140
CAN Time Out
Time out in CAN bus communication
141
CAN Multiple Master
There are multiple Masters in
CAN bus communication
Possible problem
Solution(s)
•Check the CAN bus terminal registers
Possible problem
•CAN ID is duplicated
Solution(s)
•Change the parameters in the GUI
Table 9: Warning
Fault
Code
Message
Warning Description
Possible problem and Solution(s)
1
PV Over Voltage
PV voltage exceeds the parameter [DC over voltage Level]
Possible problem
•The voltage of the solar generator is too
high
Solution(s)
•Check the input voltage
•Check module wiring and system
Table 10: Fault
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 49
Faults and War nings
Code
Message
Warning Description
Possible problem and Solution(s)
2
PV Over Current
PV current exceeds the parame- Possible problem
ter [DC over current Level]
•The current of the solar generator is too
high
•PV system wiring short
Solution(s)
•Check the input current
•Check module wiring and system
4
CB10(PV CB) Trip
PV side circuit breaker(CB10)
tripped
Possible problem
•CB10 disconnect switch is open
•Auxiliary switch is inoperable, CB10 contactor failed closed
Solution(s)
•Check the wiring connection
•Change the CB10, replace CB10
contactor
5
PV Polarity Failure
Polarity(+, -) of PV side is
reversed
Possible problem
•Polarity of PV side is reversed
Solution(s)
•Check the wiring connection and
change if necessary
6
Ground Fault
PV side ground fault
Possible problem
•The GFDI fuse in inverter is opened causing PV side grounding or short-cir
cuit fault (DC side Grounding Type)
•The unbalance of measured PV voltage
in inverter causing PV side grounding
or short-circuit fault (DC side Isolation
Type)
Solution(s)
•Check the solar generator for a ground
ing or short-circuit fault and Replace the
GFDI Fuse (DC side Grounding Type)
•Check the solar generator for a ground
ing or short-circuit fault (DC side
Isolation Type)
10
Inv. Over Voltage
Inverter side Voltage over the
parameter [Grid Over Voltage
Level 2]
Possible problem
•The inverter voltage is too high
Solution(s)
•Check the inverter voltage
•Check the inverter parameter
Table 10: Fault
Page 50
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Faults and War nings
Code
Message
Warning Description
Possible problem and Solution(s)
11
Inv. Under Voltage
Inverter side Voltage under the
parameter [Grid Under Voltage
Level 2]
Possible problem
•The inverter voltage is too low
Solution(s)
•Check the inverter voltage
•Check the inverter parameter
•Check the MC21
12
Inv. Over Frequency
Inverter side Frequency over the Possible problem
parameter [Grid over Frequency •The grid frequency is outside the
Level 2]
permitted range
Solution(s)
•Check the grid frequency 13
Inv. Under Frequency
Inverter side Frequency under
the parameter [Grid under
Frequency Level 2]
Possible problem
•The grid frequency is outside the
permitted range
Solution(s)
•Check the grid frequency
14
Inv. Over Current
Inverter side Current over the
Possible problem
parameter [Inverter OverCurrent •Short circuit in the IGBT
Level]
•Short circuit in the Grid
Solution(s)
•Check the grid connection
•Check the inverter connection
15
MC21(Inv. MC) Failure Inverter side contactor(MC21)
failure
Possible problem
•MC21 contactor is open
•Auxiliary switch is inoperable
Solution(s)
•Check the wiring connection
•Change the MC21
16
Inv. Phase Order
Phase order failure on the
inverter side
Possible problem
•Phase order failure on the inverter
•Wrong phase rotation
Solution(s)
•Check the wiring connection
•Reverse two phases
18
Inductor or TR Over
Temp
Inductor or Transformer temper- Possible problem
ature over 150°C
•Cabinet fan failure
Solution(s)
•Cleaning the filters
•Change the cabinet Fan
Table 10: Fault
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 51
Faults and War nings
Code
Message
Warning Description
Possible problem and Solution(s)
20
PEBB(1) IGBT Fault
PEBB IGBT U failure
Possible problem
21
PEBB(2) IGBT Fault
PEBB IGBT V failure
22
PEBB(3) IGBT Fault
PEBB IGBT W failure
24
PEBB Over Temp.
Analog
The temperature of the heatsink over the parameter [Heatsink OT Level] (Analog)
•Short circuit in the IGBT
Solution(s)
•Visual inspection
•Change the PEBB
Possible problem
•PEBB fan failure
Solution(s)
•Clean the filters
•Inspect and if necessary clean the
heat-sink fins
•Change the PEBB Fan
25
PEBB Over Temp.
Digital
The temperature of the heatsink over 100°C(Digital)
Possible problem
•PEBB Fan Failure
Solution(s)
•Inspect and if necessary clean the
heat-sink fins Change the PEBB Fan
30
Grid Over Voltage
level 1
Grid side Voltage over the
parameter [Grid Over Voltage
Level 1]
Possible problem
•The grid voltage is too high
Solution(s)
•Check the grid voltage
•Check the grid parameter 31
Grid Under Voltage
level 1
Grid side Voltage under the
parameter [Grid Under Voltage
Level 1]
Possible problem
•The grid voltage is too low
Solution(s)
•Check the grid voltage
•Check the grid parameter
•Check the MCB24 32
Grid Over Frequency
level 1
Grid side Frequency over the
Possible problem
parameter [Grid Over Frequency •The grid frequency is outside the
Level 1]
permitted rang
Solution(s)
•Check the grid frequency
•Check the grid parameter
Table 10: Fault
Page 52
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Faults and War nings
Code
Message
Warning Description
33
Grid Under Frequency Grid side Frequency under the
level 1
parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 1]
Possible problem and Solution(s)
Possible problem
•The grid frequency is outside the
operation range
Solution(s)
•Check the grid frequency
•Check the grid parameter
34
Grid CB Trip
CB20(AC Disconnect/Grid circuit Possible problem
breaker) was tripped during
•Short circuit in the grid
operation
Solution(s)
•Check the wiring connections
35
Grid Over Voltage
Level 2
Grid side Voltage over the
parameter [Grid Over Voltage
Level 2]
Possible problem
•The grid voltage is too high
Solution(s)
•Check the grid voltage
•Check the grid parameter 36
Grid Under Voltage
Level 2
Grid side Voltage Under the
parameter [Grid Under Voltage
Level 2]
Possible problem
•The grid voltage is too low
Solution(s)
•Check the grid voltage
•Check the grid parameter 37
Grid Under Frequency Grid side Frequency Under the
Level 2
parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 2]
Possible problem
•The grid frequency is outside the
operation range
Solution(s)
•Check the grid frequency
38
Grid Over Frequency
Level 2
Grid side Frequency Over the
Possible problem
parameter [Grid Over Frequency •The grid frequency is outside the
Level 2]
permitted range
Solution(s)
•Check the grid frequency
40
Parameters
Version Error
Different version between the
NVSRAM parameter table and
the program parameter table
Possible problem
•Different version between the NVSRAM
parameter table and the program
parameter table
Solution(s)
•Initialize the parameter menu setting in
the GUI and reset faulted parameter
•Change the PCB module
Table 10: Fault
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 53
Faults and War nings
Code
Message
Warning Description
Possible problem and Solution(s)
41
Flash Memory
C6000 DSP program flash
memory failure in XCU(main
control) board
Possible problem
Failure
•Internal C6000 error
Solution(s)
•Change the PCB module
42
FPGA Failure
FPGA failure in XCU(main
control) board
Possible problem
•Internal FPGA error
Solution(s)
•Change the PCB module
43
DSP28x Failure
F2000 DSP failure in XCU(main
control) board
Possible problem
•Internal F2000 error
Solution(s)
•Change the PCB module
44
ADC Failure
ADC block failure in XCU(main
control) board
Possible problem
•Internal Analog to Digital converter
error
Solution(s)
•Change the PCB module
45
NVSRAM Failure
NVSRAM failure in XCU(main
Possible problem
control) board or invalid param- •Internal NVSRAM error
eter
•Invalid parameter
Solution(s)
•Initialize the parameter menu setting in
the GUI
•Change the PCB module
47
CAN Failure
CAN bus communication failure Possible problem
•CAN bus communication Failure
Solution(s)
•Check the CAN bus Connection
•Check the CAN bus terminal registers
50
Emergency Stop
The door is open
Possible problem
•Front door is open
•Broken or out of alignment door switch
Solution(s)
•Close the door
•Align or replace door switch
Table 10: Fault
Page 54
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Faults and War nings
Code
Message
Warning Description
Possible problem and Solution(s)
52
Master Slave Fault
Master Slave operation Failure
Possible problem
•Wrong CAN ID
•CAN bus communication Failure
Solution(s)
•Check the parameters
•Check the CAN bus Connection
•Check the CAN bus terminal registers
57
Grid Over Frequency
Level 3
Grid side Frequency over the
Possible problem
parameter [Grid Over Frequency •The grid frequency is outside the
Level 3]
permitted range
Solution(s)
•Check the grid frequency
•Check the grid parameter
58
Grid Under Frequency Grid side Frequency under the
Level 3
parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 3]
Possible problem
•The grid frequency is outside the
operation range
Solution(s)
•Check the grid frequency
•Check the grid parameter
63
MMI-XCU Communi- MMI-XCU communication Error
cation Error
Possible problem
•MMI-XCU Communication Error
Solution(s)
•Check MMI-XCU communication
connectivity
Table 10: Fault
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 55
Maintenance/Cleaning
7
Maintenance/Cleaning
Maintenance must be performed on the inverter at regular intervals (Table 11 shows the maintenance schedule).
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after the
inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious injury
or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
›› Keep all doors and covers closed when the unit is in operation.
›› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off!
Switch off the inverter
"" Press the MMI OFF button (Stop the inverter).
"" Switch the CB20 to OFF.
"" Switch the Power grid switch to OFF (disconnect the inverter from the grid).
"" Switch the DC disconnector to OFF (disconnect the inverter from the PV generator).
"" Make sure that the inverter is disconnected from all voltage sources.
"" Please open the door, switch the CB33 to OFF.
"" Wait at least ten minutes before working on the inverter.
Switch on the inverter
"" Switch the CB33 to ON.
"" Switch the Power grid switch to ON (connect the inverter to the grid).
"" Switch the DC disconnector to ON (connect the inverter to the PV generator).
"" Switch the CB20 to ON.
"" Press the MMI ON button.
Page 56
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Maintenan ce/Cleaning
7.1
Maintenance intervals
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after the
inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious injury
or death.
Only authorized electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
›› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off. Do not touch
exposed contact connections.
›› Always shut down the inverter prior to cleaning or maintenance.
NOTE
Even between maintenance intervals, pay attention to any unusual behaviour that the inverter
displays during operation, and fix the problem immediately.
Recommended
Maintenance-inter- Maintenance work
vals
6 months*
Cleaning or replacement
Filter mats in the air intake filter
6 months
Cleaning
Inside of the cabinet
Fans
12 months*
Function check
Emergency stop (OFF)
12 months
Cleaning
Power section of the heat sink
12 months
Visual inspection
Contact connection
Fuses
Switches
Overvoltage protection
Redundant auxiliary power supplies
Check all parts in the cabinet for
–– Heavy dust deposits and soiling
–– Moisture (especially water that has
permeated from the outside)
Visual inspection
(and replacement, if necessary)
12 months
All warning labels
Function check
Fans
Door contacts
Operating lights and fault lights
Torque check
Input, output, Check the status of the screws
*If heavy soiling is present at the installation location, you may need to shorten the maintenance interval.
Table 11: Maintenance intervals
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 57
Maintenance/Cleaning
7.2
Cleaning and replacing the fans
The inverter is equipped with eight fans. All of them are located at the top of the housing. Six of the fans are
installed in the left side of the housing to provide ventilation for the power electronics building block. The fan
in the right side of the housing is used to ventilate the housing. The fans must be cleaned on a regular basis to
ensure maximum performance. If there are any problems with the fans, repair or replace them.
7.2.1 Accessing the fans
Switch off the inverter
Clean the fans
"" Remove the upper covers from the inverter.
"" Clean the fans.
"" Attach the upper covers.
Change the fans
"" Remove the upper covers from the inverter.
"" Disconnect the plug.
"" Replace the fan.
"" When you install a new fan, pay attention to the air flow direction (arrow on the fan housing).
"" Attach the upper covers.
Switch on the inverter
Figure 44: Upper cover on the inverter
Figure 45: Fans used for the power electronics
building block
Page 58
Figure 46: Plug for the in the right side of the
housing
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
8
Parameters
The KACO XP-HV and XP-TL series parameters are pre-configured for operation. It is a good idea to adapt a
number of the KACO XP series parameters to the solar generator.
The KACO XP-HV and XP-TL series parameters are subdivided into ten:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
PV Array
Setting values for MPPT control and startup of inverter
Inverter
Setting values for inverter rate and cabinet temperature
Grid
Setting values for abnormal and rated levels of grid
Time
Setting values for the current time
Digital
Setting values for digital interface
Analog
Setting values for analog interface
Controller
Setting values for inverter control
Trace
Setting values for inverter fault analysis
Offset
Setting values for sensing offset calibration
Gain
Setting values for sensing gain calibration
8.1
PV Array Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Descriptions
MPPT Enable
0
1
-
1: MPPT is enabled
0: MPPT is disabled
MPPT V Maximum
0
830
Vdc
Maximum voltage to run MPPT
MPPT V Start
200
800
Vdc
MPPT wake-up voltage
MPPT T Start
0
3600
sec
Time delay for MPPT wake-up
MPPT P Stop
0
10000
W
Disconnect inverter from Grid when PV output
power is lower than the setting value of {MPPT P
Stop}.
MPPT T Stop
0
600
sec
Time delay while inverter decides if PV output
power is lower than the setting value of {MPPT P
Stop}.
Table 12: PV Array Parameters
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 59
Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Descriptions
MPPT V Minimum
200
800
Vdc
Minimum voltage to run MPPT
Exception)
DC Over Voltage
Level
300
1020
Vdc
Upper limit for PV over voltage fault
DC Over Current
Level
0
150
%
Upper limit for PV over current fault
MPP Factor
0
1
-
Maximum power point factor
MPP Range Upper
10
300
Vdc
Upper limit of maximum power point
MPP Range Lower
10
300
Vdc
Lower limit of maximum power point
PV Operation Level
900
1020
Vdc
Maximum PV operation level
Table 12: PV Array Parameters
8.1.1 Operating DC voltage range
Figure 47: Operating DC voltage range
The range of possible operational input voltage is from [MPPT V Minimum] to [PV Operation Level]. The picture
above shows that the output power decreases linearly where the input power is from [MPPT V Maximum] to
[PV Operation Level].
Page 60
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
8.2
Inverter Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Descriptions
Transformer & Type 0
8
N/A
This parameter determines device specific information such as a switch type on DC side and whether
the inverter has an internal transformer.
Inverter Capacity
100
550
kW
Power Capacity of the inverter
Inverter Over
Current Level
0
200
%
Upper limit for inverter over current fault
Current Limit
0
150
%
Limit of current which produces from the inverter
Cabinet Temperature Maximum
30
70
°C
Upper limit for cabinet over temperature warning
Cabinet Temperature Minimum
-25
10
°C
Lower limit for cabinet under temperature warning
PEBB Temperature
Unbalance Level
5
30
°C
Limit of Temperature gap between PEBBs
Table 13: Inverter Parameters
8.3
Grid Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Descriptions
Rated Grid Voltage
208
400
V
Rated value of the grid voltage
Rated Grid Frequency
50
60
Hz
Rated value of the grid frequency
Grid Over Voltage
Level 1
105
130
%
Upper limit expressed as a percentage of the rated
grid voltage for grid overvoltage level 1
Grid Under Voltage 75
Level 1
100
%
Lower limit expressed as a percentage of the rated
grid voltage for grid under voltage Level 1
Grid Over Frequency 0
Level 1
3
Hz
Upper limit for grid over frequency level 1
Grid Under
Frequency Level 1
0
3
Hz
Lower limit for grid under frequency level 1
Frequency Depend- 0
ant Power Reduction Mode
2
-
Power reduction function dependant on frequency
rise
0: Disable
1: Enable
Table 14: Grid Parameters
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 61
Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Descriptions
Power Gradient
Mode
0
5
-
Power gradient function when inverter start
0: Disable
1: Activated when connected to grid after fault
(Germany Medium Voltage Requirements)
2: Activated according to VDE-AR-N 4105 (Germany Low Voltage Requirements)
3: Activated whenever connected to grid (Italy
TERNA Grid Code)
Power Gradient
Ramp
0
600
sec
Ramp time for power gradient
Time Shift
0
6000
sec
Delay time for inverter start
Gate-way Enable
0
1
-
Reserved
Grid Level 2 Protec- 0
tion Enable
1
-
Grid level 2 protection function
0: Disable
1: Enable
Grid Over Voltage
Level 2
105
130
%
Upper limit expressed as a percentage of the rated
grid voltage for grid overvoltage level 2
Grid Under Voltage 15
Level 2
100
%
Lower limit expressed as a percentage of the rated
grid voltage for grid under voltage Level 2
Grid Under Frequency Level 2
0
3.5
Hz
Lower limit for grid under frequency level 2
Grid Over Voltage
Level 1 Trip Time
100
10000
ms
Time for grid over voltage level 1 trip
Grid Over Voltage
Level 2 Trip Time
40
2000
ms
Time for grid over voltage level 2 trip
Grid Under Voltage 100
Level 1 Trip Time
10000
ms
Time for grid under voltage level 1 trip
Grid Under Voltage 40
Level 2 Trip Time
3000
ms
Time for grid under voltage level 2 trip
Grid Under Frequency Level 1 Trip
Time
100
20000
ms
Time for grid under frequency level 1 trip
Grid Under Frequency Level 2 Trip
Time
40
3000
ms
Time for grid under frequency level 2 trip
Grid Over Frequency 40
Level 1 Trip Time
3000
ms
Time for grid over frequency level 1 trip
FRT Enable
1
-
FRT(Fault Ride Through) Function
0
0: Disable
1: Enable
Table 14: Grid Parameters
Page 62
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
Parameters
Min
Max
Grid Over Voltage
FRT Enable
0
1
Unit
Descriptions
Over Voltage FRT Function
0: Disable
1: Enable
Power Reduction
Gradient Level
0
100
%/Hz
Gradient level for frequency dependant power
reduction
Power Reduction
Deactivation
Frequency
0
0.3
Hz
Frequency limit for frequency dependant power
reduction deactivation
Grid Over Frequency 0
Level 2
3
Hz
Upper limit for grid over frequency level 2
Grid Over Frequency 40
Level 2 Trip Time
2000
ms
Time for grid over frequency Level 2 trip
Reconnection
Condition Mode
2
-
Reconnection Condition Function
0
0: Disable
1: Checked before connected to grid (Germany
Medium Voltage Requirements)
2: Checked according to VDE-AR-N 4105 (Germany
Low Voltage Requirements)
Reconnection
Condition Upper
Voltage
-1
130
%
This parameter represents the upper voltage in the
range of “Reconnection condition” as a percentage of the rated value.
The negative value represents that the relevant
condition is not checked when an inverter decides
“Reconnection condition”.
Reconnection
Condition Lower
Voltage
-1
100
%
This parameter determines the lower voltage of
“Reconnection condition” range as a percentage
of the rated value.
The negative value represents that the relevant
condition is not checked when an inverter decides
“Reconnection condition”.
Reconnection
Condition Upper
Frequency
-1
3
Hz
This parameter determines the upper frequency of
“Reconnection condition” range as an increment
from the rated value.
The negative value represents that the relevant
condition is not checked when an inverter decides
“Reconnection condition”.
Reconnection
Condition Lower
Frequency
-1
3
Hz
This parameter determines the lower frequency of
“Reconnection condition” range as a decrement
from the rated value.
The negative value represents that the relevant
condition is not checked when an inverter decides
“Reconnection condition”.
Table 14: Grid Parameters
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 63
Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Descriptions
Reconnection
Condition Check
Time Normal
0
1800
sec
This parameter is used for time check during
“Reconnection condition” for all the time except
after fault.
Reconnection
Condition Check
Time After Fault
0
1800
sec
This parameter is used for time check during
“Reconnection condition” for after fault only.
Grid Over Frequency 0
Level 3
3
Hz
Upper limit for grid over frequency level 3
Grid Over Frequency 40
Level 3 Trip Time
2000
ms
Time for grid over frequency Level 3 trip
Grid Over Voltage
Level Slow
115
%
This parameter represents Upper limit for the
average RMS value of grid voltage as a percentage
of the rated grid voltage.
105
If the average RMS value of grid voltage exceeds
this parameter setting, fault will be occurred.
VDE-AR-N 4105(Germany Low Voltage Requirements)
Grid Over Voltage
Level Slow Shift
Average Time
-1
3000
sec
This parameter determines how long the average
RMS value of grid voltage will be calculated.
(Low Voltage Requirements: 600 seconds duration)
Negative value means that the relevant function
(Grid Over Voltage level slow) is disabled.
Reconnection
Condition Warning
Delay
0
600
sec
Time delay for Reconnection Condition Warning
Grid Under Frequency Level 3
0
3
Hz
Lower limit for grid over frequency level 3
Grid Under Frequency Level 3 Trip
Time
0
60000
ms
Time for grid over frequency Level 3 trip
Upper Deadband
PPN
100
110
%
Voltage Level for activation of P/Pn function when
selected CEI 0-21 grid code
Lower Deadband
PPN
90
100
%
Voltage Level for deactivation of P/Pn function
when selected CEI 0-21 grid code
Upper Deadband
QV
10
100
%
Active Power Level for activation of Q(V) function
when selected CEI 0-21 grid code
Lower Deadband
QV
1
20
%
Active Power Level for deactivation of Q(V)
function when selected CEI 0-21 grid code
QV Voltage 1
100
110
%
Voltage upper dead band of Q(V) function when
selected CEI 0-21 grid code
QV Voltage 2
90
100
%
Voltage lower dead band of Q(V) function when
selected CEI 0-21 grid code
Table 14: Grid Parameters
Page 64
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Descriptions
QV Voltage 3
100
110
%
Voltage upper level to calculate ramp of Q(V)
function when selected CEI 0-21 grid code
QV Voltage 4
90
100
%
Voltage lower level to calculate ramp of Q(V)
function when selected CEI 0-21 grid code
QV Inductive Max
0
48
%
Reactive Power inductive maximum value of Q(V)
function
QV Capacitive Max
0
48
%
Reactive Power capacitive maximum value of Q(V)
function
Table 14: Grid Parameters
8.3.1 FRT Enable Off
If the function of FRT(Fault-ride through) is not active, XP series parameters for abnormal grid is as follows.
Grid Under Frequency
Figure 48: Grid under frequency
1. f < frated –2Hz, t > 10s → Grid Under Frequency Level 1 Fault
2. f < frated –2.5Hz, t > 100ms → Grid Under Frequency Level 2 Fault
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 65
Parameters
Grid Over Frequency
Figure 49: Grid over frequency
1. f > frated+0.2Hz, t > 100ms → Grid Over Frequency Fault
2. It disables Grid Over Frequency Level 2 and Grid Over Frequency Level 2.
Grid Under Voltage
Figure 50: Grid under voltage
1. U < 0.9*Urated, t > 5s → Grid Under Voltage Level 1 Fault
2. U < 0.8*Urated, t > 100ms → Grid Under Voltage Level 2 Fault
Page 66
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
Grid Over Voltage
Figure 51: Grid over voltage
1. U > 1.1*Urated, t > 5s → Grid Over Voltage Level 1 Fault
2. U > 1.2*Urated, t > 100ms → Grid Over Voltage Level 2 Fault
8.3.2 FRT Enable On
The parameter when FRT Enable is on is as follows.
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Descriptions
FRT Enable
0
1
-
FRT(Fault Ride Through) Function
0: Disable
1: Enable
Grid Under Voltage 15
Level 2
100
%
Lower limit expressed as a percentage of the
rated grid voltage for grid under voltage Level 2
Grid Under Voltage 100
Level 1 Trip Time
10000
ms
Time for grid under voltage level 1 trip
Grid Under Voltage 40
Level 2 Trip Time
3000
ms
Time for grid under voltage level 2 trip
MPP Range Upper
10
300
Vdc
Upper limit of maximum power point
MPP Range Lower
10
300
Vdc
Lower limit of maximum power point
Table 15: FRT Enable On
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 67
Parameters
Grid Under Voltage
Figure 52: Grid under voltage
1. U > 1.1*Urated, t > 2s → Grid Under Voltage Level 1 Fault
2. U > 1.2*Urated, t > 150ms → Grid Under Voltage Level 2 Fault
8.3.3 Frequency Dependant Power Reduction Enable On
Grid Over Frequency
Figure 53: Grid over frequency
Page 68
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
Figure 54: Power reduction gradient level
PM: Instantaneously Available Power
∆P: Power Reduction (Power Reduction Gradient Level)
This function controls active power which is proportional to Grid frequency increase. As you can see in the picture, active power need to be restricted if grid frequency is over 50.2Hz. PM (Instantaneously available power)
decreases with 40%/Hz slope and it can be restorable if grid frequency is less than 50.05Hz.
8.3.4 Power Gradient Enable On
Figure 55: PV gradient graph
This function is for PV inverter re-generation. Inverter need to generate active power slowly with specific slope
when its operation stops due to various reasons. In this case, active power supply cannot be over 10% of rated
active power per minute.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 69
Parameters
8.4
Time Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Descriptions
Year
2000
3000
The present year
Month
1
12
The present month
Day
1
31
The present date
Time
0
23
The present hour
Minute
0
59
The present minute
Second
0
59
The present second
Table 16: Time Parameters
8.5
Digital Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Descriptions
DI1 Select
0
20
N/A
DI1(Digital Input) selection
0: Disable DI1
1: Reserved
2: Reserved
3: Start/Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
(Recognition pattern: 1sec – Stop, 2sec – Start)
4: Start/Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
(Recognition pattern: 200msec – Stop, 400msec
– Start)
5: Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
(Inverter turn off when DI1 signal over {DI1 Check
Period} msec)
DO1 Select
0
20
N/A
DO1(Digital output) selection
0: Fault state is output to DO1
RPC Mode Select
0
2
N/A
The COSPHI control function of the XP-Series
Inverter operates when this parameter is 2.
0: Disable
2: Enable
Power Meter
0
99999999
kWh
PV generation amount check
RS485 Protocol
0
999
-
RS485 communications’ protocol
0: ACI protocol
1: Communication with prolog
2: Communication with PVI-go
RS485 ID
0
999
-
ID for RS485 communication
CAN ID
0
999
-
ID for CAN communication
Table 17: Digital Parameters
Page 70
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Descriptions
Argus Box 1
Address
0
99999
-
Argus Box 1 address and type setup
Argus Box 2
Address
0
99999
-
Argus Box 2 address and type setup
Argus Box 3
Address
0
99999
-
Argus Box 3 address and type setup
Argus Box 4
Address
0
99999
-
Argus Box 4 address and type setup
Argus Box 5
Address
0
99999
-
Argus Box 5 address and type setup
Argus Box 6
Address
0
99999
-
Argus Box 6 address and type setup
Argus Box 7
Address
0
99999
-
Argus Box 7 address and type setup
Argus Box 8
Address
0
99999
-
Argus Box 8 address and type setup
Prolog Positive
Sequence Enable
0
1
-
Provide positive sequence for grid voltage as
prolog
Prolog Expanded
Total Yield
0
1
-
Provide expanded total yield to Prolog
DI1 Check Period
200
5000
msec
Required time for inverter turn off when selecting
{DI1 Select} parameter to ‘5’
Table 17: Digital Parameters
8.6
Analog Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Descriptions
AI1 OffSet
-300
300
AI (Analog Input) 1 offset
AI1 Gain
-300
300
AI (Analog Input) 1 gain
AI2 OffSet
-300
300
AI (Analog Input) 2 offset
AI2 Gain
-300
300
AI (Analog Input) 2 gain
AI3 OffSet
-300
300
AI (Analog Input) 3 offset
AI3 Gain
-300
300
AI (Analog Input) 3 gain
AI4 OffSet
-300
300
AI (Analog Input) 4 offset
AI4 Gain
-300
300
AI (Analog Input) 4 gain
Table 18: Analog Parameters
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 71
Parameters
8.7
Controller Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Parameters
VC P Gain
0
999.99
N/A
PV voltage controller’s P Gain
VC I Gain
0
999.99
N/A
PV voltage controller’s I Gain
Voltage Detection
LPF
0
9999
Hz
Grid Voltage and Inverter voltage filter of dq axis
CC P Gain
0
999.99
N/A
Inverter output current controller’s P Gain
CC I Gain
0
999.99
N/A
Inverter output current controller’s I Gain
CC di/dt
1
9999
p.u.
Slope of inverter rated current generation
Ramp
0
99999
msec
Slope of PV voltage generation(time for 100V
change)
Li
0
99999
uH
Inductance value of inverter output LC filter
Vdc Reference
0
999.9
Vdc
DC voltage reference when it is not in MPPT range
CC Period
100
400
usec
Inverter switching frequency
PLL P Gain
0
999.99
N/A
Grid voltage PLL’s P Gain
PLL I Gain
0
999.99
N/A
Grid voltage PLL’s I Gain
Auto Fault Reset
Count
0
20
times
The maximum count of auto reset function
Heatsink OT Level
50
150
°C
The maximum value of PEBB temperature
Power Compensation
0
1
-
Power compensation for MPPT control
Test mode
0
99999
N/A
The value for function test mode
Options
0
99999
N/A
Outside option board setup
Deviation Tolerance 1
Time
25
20msec
Level 1 trip time use when level 2 protection
disable
Reactive Power
-30
30
%
The control value for reactive power degree of
accuracy
Variable MPP Vmin
Enb
0
1
-
The setup value for inverter operation rage
maximization
T_CLOUD
0
3600
sec
Time for declines of PV generation due to cloud
T_CLOUD_CNT
0
20
times
Count for declines of PV generation due to cloud
Remote Power
Control
0
100
%
Inverter active power which can be controlled
from outside device
PEBB2 Temperature 0
150
°C
PEBB2 temperature(Read only)
PEBB3 Temperature 0
150
°C
PEBB3 temperature(Read only)
Current Unbalance
Limit
100
%
Unbalanced current level
0
Table 19: Controller Parameters
Page 72
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Parameters
Cabinet FAN PWM
0
100
-
Reserved
Remote Power
Control Ramp
0
600
sec
The slope of inverter output active poser when
remote power is controlled
Total Yield
0
99999999
kWh
Check total yield of generation(Read only)
Today Yield
0
99999999
kWh
Check day yield of generation(Read only)
IIVCD P Gain
0
999.99
-
Inverter output voltage controller’s D-axis P gain
for Initial operation voltage
IIVCD I Gain
0
999.99
-
Inverter output voltage controller’s D-axis I gain
for initial operation voltage
IIVCQ P Gain
0
999.99
-
Inverter output voltage controller’s Q-axis P gain
for initial operation voltage
IIVCQ I Gain
0
999.99
-
Inverter output voltage controller’s Q-axis I gain
for Initial operation voltage
Anti-Islanding
Enable
0
1
-
The use of anti-islanding controller, Yes(1) NO(0)
APS Line Deadband 0
999.99
-
The setup value for anti-islanding control
Reactive Power
Limit
0
999.99
-
The setup value for anti-islanding control
Wind Speed
0
9999.9
-
Reserved
Power Derating
Enable
0
1
-
The use of power decline controller according to
PEBB temperature, Yes(1) NO(0)
Power Derating
50
Enable Temperature
100
-
Temperature level which starts decreasing power
according to PEBB temperature
Power Derating
40
Disable Temperature
90
-
Temperature level which stops decreasing power
according to PEBB temperature
45
Power Derating
Reference Temperature
95
-
PEBB temperature reference value
Power Derating P
Gain
0
10
-
Power declining controller’s P gain according to
PEBB temperature
Grid IIR Filter Cutoff 0
Frequency
10
Hz
Filter cutoff frequency used for RMS value detection of grid voltage
Asynchronous Fault 0
Count
100
-
Reserved
Asynchronous Fault 0
Enable
1
-
Reserved
Grid Positive
Sequence
999.9
V
Positive sequence value of grid
0
Table 19: Controller Parameters
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 73
Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Parameters
COSPHI Control
Mode
0
5
-
Reactive power supply method in Internal mode
and RPC mode
0: disabled
1: fixed P
2: fixed cosφ
3: fixed Q
4: Cosφ(P/Pn)
5: Q(U)
COSPHI Power
Factor Internal
-1
1
-
Power factor reference in internal mode
COSPHI Reactive
Power Internal
-99.9
99.9
%
Reactive power reference in internal mode(Percent
for rated one)
COSPHI Power
Factor Actual
-1
1
-
The actual power factor value that is applied(Read
only)
COSPHI Power
Factor RPC
-1
1
-
Power factor reference in RPC mode
COSPHI Reactive
Power RPC
-99.9
99.9
%
Reactive power reference in RPC mode(percent for
rated one)
COSPHI Stray Ratio
0
2
Positive Sequence
PLL Enable
0
1
-
The use of grid voltage of positive sequence at PLL
FRT K Factor
0
10
-
The setup constant during FRT control
FRT IQ Ramp
0
99999
msec
The slope of active power supply during FRT
control
FRT IQ Ramp Time
0
99999
msec
The time that use a slope changed by FRT IQ ramp
parameter
Positive Sequence
LPF
0
100
Hz
The cutoff frequency for RMS value of positive
sequence
PLL Freq LPF
0
100
Hz
The cutoff frequency for frequency value detection of PLL
Q(V) Control Target 208
Voltage
440
V
Value of Q(V) Control Target Voltage
Q(V) Control K
Factor
0
50
-
A setup constant for voltage control of BDEW
Q(V) Control
Deadband
0
100
%
Non-applicable voltage range during voltage
control of BDEW
Q(V) Control Ramp
Time
0
99999
sec
The slope of reactive current increase during
voltage control of BDEW
The setup value for COSPHI control.
Table 19: Controller Parameters
Page 74
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Parameters
FRT Asynchronous
Level
0
100
V
The voltage level in order to separate Asynchronous and synchronous. Inverter will recognize as
Asynchronous if the difference between inverter
sensing output voltage and RMS value of positive
value is less then this parameter level
COSPHI (P/Pn) Ramp 0
Time
99999
sec
The slope setup value for PF’s answering time in
Cosφ(P/Pn)
COSPHI_1
-1
1
-
The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_1
P1
0
100
%
The active power setup conference for COSPHI_1
COSPHI_2
-1
1
-
The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_2
P2
0
100
%
The active power setup conference for COSPHI_2
COSPHI_3
-1
1
-
The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_3
P3
0
100
%
The active power setup conference for COSPHI_3
COSPHI_4
-1
1
-
The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_4
P4
0
100
%
The active power setup conference for COSPHI_4
COSPHI_5
-1
1
-
The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_5
P5
0
100
%
The active power setup conference for COSPHI_5
COSPHI_6
-1
1
-
The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_6
P6
0
100
%
The active power setup conference for COSPHI_6
COSPHI_7
-1
1
-
The variable power factor Reference according to
active power P_7
P7
0
100
%
The active power setup conference for COSPHI_7
COSPHI_8
-1
1
-
The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_8
P8
0
100
%
The active power setup conference for COSPHI_8
COSPHI_9
-1
1
-
The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_9
P9
0
100
%
The active power setup conference for COSPHI_9
COSPHI_10
-1
1
-
The variable power factor Reference according to
active power P_10
P10
0
100
%
The active power setup conference for COSPHI_10
Table 19: Controller Parameters
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 75
Parameters
Parameters
Min
Max
Unit
Parameters
IINV Voltage Build
Up Time
0
9999
msec
The sync of phase between inverter and grid
voltage will be checked after this time, since
“Initial voltage buildup” started(XP-TL does not
apply)
IINV PLL Stabilization Time
0
9999
msec
The phase between inverter and grid voltage
checked and for this time(XP-TL does not apply)
IINV PLL P Gain
0
999.99
-
Grid voltage PLL’s P Gain used for “Initial voltage
buildup”(XP-TL does not apply)
IINV PLL I Gain
0
999.99
-
Grid voltage PLL’s I Gain used for “Initial voltage
buildup”(XP-TL does not apply)
IINV Synchronization Tolerance
1
20
degree
This determines a tolerance limit when synchronize
the inverter and the grid voltage in „Initial voltage
buildup” state(XP-TL does not apply)
FRT Overcurrent
Protection Time
0
5000
msec
The power generation is stopped for this parameter value after fault clear in FRT situation
Table 19: Controller Parameters
8.7.1 Anti-Islanding Enable
With activation of Anti-Islanding function, XP-HV and XP-TL series will detect and disconnect itself from the
grid within a few second. If the Anti-Islanding function is not activated, XP-HV and XP-TL cannot disconnect
itself from the grid during grid failure, and generate power to load independently. For example, when inverter
infuse 500kW power to gird with 500kW load connected to PCC (Point of Common Coupling), inverter can
generate output voltage independently during grid failure, and operate itself with bearing 500kW load.
8.7.2 Power Derating
Figure 56: Block Diagram of Power Derating
Page 76
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
Figure 57: Decreasing rate
Figure 58: State Machine
Power derating is enabled or disabled by an output of state machine which is decided by 4 inputs. And while
the output of state machine is 1, a decreasing rate affects an output power.
A decreasing rate is calculated by multiplying factor K({Power Derating P Gain}) and a difference between reference temperature({Power Derating Reference Temperature}) and PEBB heatsink temperature}.
An output of state machine depends on the state in which state machine is running. A transfer between states
happens when defined conditions are satisfied. Basically, if {Power Derating Enable} is 0, the state is “Disable”.
And If {Power Derating Enable} is 1, transfer is done according to PEBB heatsink temperature.
Following examples show power derating by default parameter.
Descriptions for sections of Example of Power Derating are:
T1: Inverter produces energy and PEBB temperature rises.
T2: When PEBB temperature is higher than 90°C, power derating is activated. And inverter controls output
power according to expression, P(%) = 100 -(TPEBB -80)x2 until power derating is deactivated.
T3: Output power decrease and PEBB temperature drops. When PEBB temperature is lower than 70°C, power
derating is deactivated. And inverter doesn’t decrease output power.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 77
Parameters
8.7.3 Example of Power Derating
Figure 59: Concept of XP series Power Derating
Page 78
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
8.7.4 Conceptual Relation between Output Power and Temperature
Below graph represents conceptual relation between inverter output power and heat sink temperature. The
output power is reduced in proportion to heat sink temperature but keep in mind that the power derating is
activated at 90°C and deactivated at 70°C (The activation/deactivation temperature can be tunable by parameter).
Figure 60: Relation between output power and temperature
8.7.5 COSPHI Control
COSPHI Control function is for controlling active and reactive power which is infused from XP inverter to the
grid with Prolog, MMI, and XCU at long distance.
Figure 61: COSPHI Control composition
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 79
Parameters
8.7.6 COSPHI Control Mode
COSPHI control operates with five reactive and active power control ways according to {COSPHI Control Mode}
setting.
No. Power control Description
Relative Parameters
1
Fixed P
Control the maximum active power with {Remote
Power Control} parameter value (% of max rated
power).
{Remote Power Control}
2
Fixed COSPHI
Control the maximum active power with {Remote
Power Control} parameter value (% of max rated
power). Control power factor with parameter value of
{COSPHI Internal Power Factor} or {COSPHI RPC Power
Factor} according to present RPC status.
{Remote Power Control}
Control the maximum active power with {Remote
Power Control} parameter value (% of max rated
power). Control reactive power with parameter value
of {COSPHI Internal Reactive Power} or {COSPHI RPC
Reactive Power} according to the present RPC status.
{Remote Power Control}
3
4
Fixed Q
COSPHI (P/Pn)
{COSPHI Internal Power
Factor}
{COSPHI RPC Power Factor}
{COSPHI Internal Reactive
Power}
{COSPHI RPC Reactive
Power}
Control power factor to match the graph of maximum {COSPHI_n}, {P_n}
10 continuous {COSPHI_n} and {P_n} pairs.
(n = 1~10)
{COSPHI(P/Pn) {Ramp Time}
5
Q(V)
Control reactive power infusion from inverter to grid
when grid voltage is between rated range. The grid
voltage range where Q(V) function is possible is
determined by {Q(V) Control Deadband} and {Q(V)
Control K Factor}.
{{Q(V) Control Deadband}
{Q(V) Control K Factor}
{Q(V) Control Ramp Time}
Table 20: COSPHI Control Mode
8.7.7 Communication between Components
COSPHI Control enables remote control of reactive and active power by setting reference of reactive and active
power by communication between Prolog, MMI, and XCU. Here are the communication methods between
each component.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
User activates COSPHI Control by Prolog.
Prolog sends a COSPHI Control massage at two-minute intervals.
MMI interprets the COSPHI Control message from Prolog to modify parameters of XCU.
XCU operates according to the modified parameter by MMI.
COSPHI (limited to Fixed COSPHI and Fixed Q) has two overlapping parameters for RPC and Internal modes,
and MMI modifies the parameter for RPC mode only. If the relative RPC mode parameter is not modified
longer than five minutes, XCU will operate according to the parameter for internal mode.
Page 80
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
Figure 62: The communication Sequence between COSPHI Components
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 81
Parameters
8.7.8 Operation Mode
COSPHI Control operates in RPC (Remote Power Control) and internal modes according to communication
status to control power with Fixed COSPHI and Fixed Q.
Figure 63: Transition of RPC mode and Internal Mode
1. RPC mode
While MMI is modifying XCU’s {Remote Power Control}, {COSPHI RPC Reactive Power} and {COSPHI RPC Power Factor} parameters with two-minute interval, COSPHI Control operates in RPC mode. In RPC mode,
it operates according to {Remote Power Control}, {COSPHI RPC Reactive Power}, and {COSPHI RPC Power Factor} modes.
2. Internal mode
If RPC mode parameter such as {Remote Power Control}, {COSPHI RPC Reactive Power}, and {COSPHI RPC Power Factor} is not be modified within five minutes, XCU will operate in Internal mode. In Internal mode, COSPHI control operates according to internal mode parameters such as {COSPHI Internal Reactive Power} and {COSPHI Internal Power Factor}, {Remote Power Control} parameter does not influence on the active power.
Figure 64: PQ Diagram of XP500-HV-TL
Page 82
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
Output power limit is based on apparent power which is 111% of the rated power. In other words, where the
apparent power is over the rated power, active/reactive power is reduced at same rate respectively so that the
final output power does not exceed 111% of the rated power.
PQ diagram above shows that the reactive power is from 0 to 242kVAR according to the power factor which is
from 1 to 0.9, the active power is up to 500kW and active/reactive power is not limited because the final output
apparent power is not over 555kVA(111% of the rated power). And because the apparent power is over 555kVA
where power factor is less than 0.9 the active/reactive power is reduced.
Figure 65: PQ Diagram of XP550-HV-TL
Output power limit is based on apparent power which is 101% of the rated power. In other words, where the
apparent power is over the rated power caused by reducing power factor, active/reactive power is reduced at
same rate respectively so that the final output power does not exceed 101% of the rated power.
When changing the power factor from 1 to 0.9, the active power is down to 500kW and the reactive power
will be up from 0 to 242kVAR since the final output apparent power should be remained at 555kVA (101% of
rated power). In case of power factor is 1.0, the output power is 550kW (550kVA).
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 83
Parameters
8.7.9 The Relationship of Reactive Power and Active Power
While active and reactive power is set to exceed maximum complex power (1.11PRated) by parameter setting,
COSPHI Control reduces active power, and control reactive power by parameter setting.
8.7.10 Cosφ (P/Pn)
The Cosφ (P/Pn) function allows inverter to send changeable PF (power factor) according to the active power to
grid. The maximum setup point of both PF and active power is 10 points and the maximum required value of
PF for Cosφ (P/Pn) is 0.9 in German market. XP-HV and XP-TL series can also operate with maximum PF, which
is 0.9, and its transient time is 10sec.
Figure 66: Active Power - Power Factor Graph
8.7.11 FRT Control
Figure 67: Control Grid Voltage during Inverter Failure (FRT K Factor=2)
Page 84
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
Figure 68: 0% Drop of Grid Voltage 0%
Figure 69: Grid Voltage 60% Drop
The above graphs show the change of electrical values during FRT (Fault Ride Through) control, and the detailed
description for each section is as follows.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 85
Parameters
Section 1
• If Grid Voltage drops below standard FRT value (0.9P.U) set by parameter, inverter will convert its mode to
FRT.
• The occurrence of Over Current is decided by the slope and depth, and if when over current occurs, inverter
will stop PWM Modulation for one cycle.
• Inverter will infuse the reactive power to grid according to parameter setting.
• Since the reactive power value is proportional to the parameter setting value, you can infuse reactive power
to grid as much as possible.
Section 2
• Infuse active power and reactive power to grid according to parameter setting.
Section 3
• The occurrence of Over Current is decided by the slope and depth, and if when over current occurs, inverter
will stop PWM Modulation for one cycle.
• Infuse active power and reactive power to grid according to parameter setting.
Section 4
• If Grid voltage rises above standard FRT value (0.9P.U) set by parameter, inverter will convert its mode to
normal and stop reactive current infusion.
The operation for FRT (Fault Ride Through) control is possible to set by parameter as follows.
•
Grid Under Voltage Levels
- Grid Under Voltage Level 1 – Transfer to FRT mode.
- Grid Under Voltage Level 2 – Inverter stops its operation with ‘Grid Under Voltage Level 2 Fault’ when the
grid voltage below ‘Grid Under Voltage Level 2’ sustains over “Grid Under Voltage Trip Time 2”.
- Grid Under Voltage Trip Time 1 – Permissible grid voltage under ‘Grid under Voltage Level 1’ time.
- Grid Under Voltage Trip Time 2 – Permissible grid voltage under ‘Grid Under Voltage Level 2’ time.
Figure 70: FRT Parameters
Page 86
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Param eter s
8.7.12 Q(V) Control
Figure 71: Grid Voltage Control during Q(V) Control Enable
As you can see in the above picture, this Q(V) Control function is for the reactive power infusion even if grid is
in normal range (90 ~ 110%). Dead band rage is UTarget±1%.
Here, you can calculate slope K Factor for Q(U) Control using an equation ΔQ/ΔU=K Factor, and the variables
which are ΔQ=cos(Phi)=0.95, Phi=18.2° and sin(Phi)=0.31. ΔU is the voltage difference between the measured
voltage and the specified parameter target voltage as a p.u. Therefore, you can decide slope k factor. For
example, if you want to infuse ΔQ at UTarget±5% range and UTarget=UN, the K value would be calculated as
0.31/0.05=6.2. The rage of ΔU is calculated from the end of the dead band.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 87
User interf ace
9
User interface
2
3, 4
5
6
7
1
8
9
Figure 72: Connecting the user interface
Key
1
User interface
6
RS485
2
TO (connection for external power supply)
7
UAI (User analog input)
3
L: 230V L
8
Ethernet
4
N: 230V N
9
CAN
5
UDIO (User digital input/output)
Page 88
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
User interface
9.1
External TO AC power supply
230 V L
AC
1b
~
TO
1b
1a
2b
2a
230 V N
2b
Figure 73: TO AC connection
Figure 74: Circuit diagram for TO AC connection
Terminal number
Terminal designation
Specification
Wire cross-­section
1b
TO L
230V L
AWG 14
2b
TO N
230V N
(2.08mm2)
Table 21: Connections for TO AC auxiliary supply
9.2
Digital input/output
9.2.1 Digital input
UDIO
1d
1c
1d
1c
2c
2d
2c
2d
3d
3c
3d
3c
4d
4c
4d
4c
5d
5c
5d
5c
Figure 75: UDIO connection
Figure 76: UDI1 connection
Terminal number
Terminal designation
1c
UDI1 P
1d
UDI1 N
Specification
Wire cross-­section
Max 27Vdc, 27mA
AWG 20
(0.518mm2)
Table 22: Connections for digital input
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 89
User interf ace
The system sends digital input signal in accordance with the setting of “DI1 Select” parameter in menu of MMI
or parameter setup tool (CMT, AutoSetup).
DI1 Select
Description
0
Disable DI1
1
Reserved
2
Reserved
3
Start/Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
Recognition pattern:
Stop: ∆t = 1sec
Start: ∆t = 2sec
4
Start/Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
Recognition pattern:
Stop: ∆t = 200msec
Start: ∆t = 400msec
5
Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
Recognition pattern:
{DI1 Check Period} msec – Stop operation
Note
Recognition pattern is checked whenever DI1 input signal is at rising edge(T0)
then it is determined according to how
long the DI1 input signal has been
stayed in high state.
Figure 77: DI1 input signal
NOTE
The {DI1 Check Period} is parameter in ‘8.5 Digital Parameters’ that mean recognition pattern
period for inverter stop operation when selecting ‘DI1 Select’ to ‘5’.
Page 90
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
User interface
9.2.2 S0 input
24Vdc
UDIO
4.7 kΩ
Input signal

0Vdc
1d
1c
2d
2c
3d
3c
4d
4c
5d
5c
Figure 78: Connection for S0 input
Terminal number
Terminal designation
2c
S0in P
2d
S0in N
Specification
Wire cross-­section
Max 27Vdc, 27mA
AWG 20
(0.518mm2)
Specification
Wire cross-­section
Max 27Vdc, 27mA
AWG 20
(0.518mm2)
Table 23: Connections for S0 input
9.2.3 S0 output
UDIO
24Vdc
4.7 kΩ
Output signal

0Vdc
1d
1c
2d
2c
3d
3c
4d
4c
5d
5c
Figure 79: Connection for S0 output
Terminal number
Terminal designation
3c
S0out P
3d
S0out N
Table 24: Connections for S0 output
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 91
User interf ace
9.2.4 Digital output
UDIO
UDIO
1d
1c
1d
2d
2c
2d
2c
3d
3c
3d
3c
4d
4c
4d
4c
5d
5c
5d
5c
Figure 80: Connection for digital output
(N/O contact)
1c
Figure 81: Connection for digital output
(N/C contact)
Terminal number Terminal designation
Specification
4c
UDO1A
Potential-free output
contact A
4d
UDO1B
Potential-free output
contact B
5c
UDIO1C
Potential-free, common
output contact
5d
UDIO1D
-
Wire cross-section
AWG 20
(0.518mm2)
Table 25: Connections for digital user output
Page 92
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
User interface
9.3
RS485 interface
The inverter has two RS485 connections.
RS485-1
Interface for the Powador Argus
Interface for optional Powador-go
RS485-2
Interface for the MMI’s internal data logger, or for the external Powador proLOG data logger
9.3.1 RS485-1 Interface
Signal transceiver
RS485
1d
1c
2d
2c
3d
3c
4d
4c
5d
5c
A
B
1d
1c
GND
2d
2c
3d
3c
PE
4d
4c
PE
PE
5d
5c
6c
6d
6c
6d
7d
7c
7d
7c
8d
8c
8d
8c
Figure 82: RS485-1 connection
Figure 83: Circuit diagram for RS485-1
connection
Terminal number
Terminal designation
Specification
1c
RS485 A1
RS485 signal A1
1d
RS485 B1
RS485 signal B1
3c
RS485 C1
Termination resistor
terminal
3d
RS485 G1
RS485 data transmission
GND 1
Wire cross-­section
AWG 20
(0.518mm2)
"" For termination disposal, you can use RS485 B1(1d) and RS485 C1(3c) with jumper because termination
resistor is already installed inside of XCU of XP500/550-HV-TL.
Table 26: Connections for RS485-1
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 93
User interf ace
9.3.2 RS485-2 Interface
RS485
1d
1c
1d
1c
2d
2c
2d
2c
3d
3c
3d
3c
4d
4c
4d
4c
PE
PE
5d
5c
6d
6c
7c
8c
Signal transceiver
PE
5d
5c
A
B
6d
6c
GND
7d
7c
7d
8d
8c
8d
Figure 84: RS485-2 connection
Figure 85: Circuit diagram for RS485-2
connection
Terminal number
Terminal designation
Specification
Wire cross-­section
5c
RS485 A2
RS485 signal A2
5d
RS485 B2
RS485 signal B2
7c
RS485 C2
Termination resistor
terminal
7d
RS485 G2
RS485 data transmission
GND 2
AWG 20
(0.518mm2)
"" For termination disposal, you can use RS485 B2(5d) and RS485 C2(7c) with jumper because termination resistor is already installed inside of XCU of XP500/550-HV-TL.
Table 27: Connections for RS485-2
9.3.3 Settings for RS485 interfaces
ID
Name
Unit
Default value
Min.
Max.
0
Activate Powador-proLOG
-
OFF
OFF
ON
1
MMI address
-
0
0
31
2
Change Powador-go address
-
-
-
-
3
Activate Powador-go
-
OFF
OFF
ON
4
Diff. tolerance
%
10
10
100
5
Fault trigger time
minutes
120
10
240
6
Address 0 string number
-
0
0
4
Table 28: RS485 interface settings
Page 94
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
User interface
ID
Name
Unit
Default value
Min.
Max.
7
Address 1 string number
-
0
0
4
8
Address 2 string number
-
0
0
4
..
..
-
0
0
4
..
..
-
0
0
4
36
Address 30 string number
-
0
0
4
37
Address 31 string number
-
0
0
4
Table 28: RS485 interface settings
9.4
Analog input
1c, 1d, 2c, 2d
Solar sensor
3c, 3d
Ambient temperature sensor
4c, 4d
Wind speed sensor
Input range
0 to 10V
1d
1c
2d
2c
3d
3c
4d
4c
Figure 86: Analogue user input
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Analogue
input
The inverter has four analogue connections.
1c
1d
2c
2d
3c
3d
4c
4d
Solar
sensor
Temperature
sensor
Wind
speed
sensor
Figure 87: Connection diagram of the analogue
Interface
Page 95
User interf ace
9.4.1 Solar sensor
rd
12 ... 24 Vdc
1d
bk
og
bn
Red (rd)
Black (bk)
Orange (og)
Brown (bn)
Figure 88: Si-12TC - T Solar sensor
UAI
+
-
Si-12TC - T
1c
2d
2c
3d
3c
4d
4c
VCC (12~24Vdc)
GND
Irradiation (0~10V)
Cell Temperature (0~10V)
Figure 89: Connection diagram for solar sensor
Terminal number
Terminal designation
1c
IVP
1d
IVN
2c
CTP
2d
CTN
Specification
Wire cross-­section
0 to 10V
AWG 24
(0.205mm2)
0 to 10V
Table 29: Connections for analogue user input - Solar sensor
9.4.2 Ambient temperature sensor
rd
12 ... 24 Vdc
UAI
+
-
PT 1000
bk
bn
1d
1c
2d
2c
3d
3c
4d
Red (rd)
Black (bk)
Brown (bn)
Figure 90: PT 1000 Ambient temperature sensor
Page 96
4c
VCC (12~24 Vdc)
GND
Temperature (0~10V)
Figure 91: Wiring of the ambient temperature
sensor
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
User interface
9.4.3 Wind speed sensor
UAI
bk
bn
1d
1c
2d
2c
3d
3c
4d
4c
GND
Black (bk)
Brown (bn)
Figure 92: Wind speed sensor
Wind speed (0~10V)
Figure 93: Configuration of the wind speed sensor
Terminal number
Terminal designation
3c
PTP
3d
PTN
4c
RSVP
4d
RSVN
Specification
Wire cross-­section
0 to 10V
AWG 24
(0.205mm2)
0 to 10V
Table 30: Connections for analogue user input-Ambient temperature sensor, Wind speed sensor
9.4.4 Parameter settings for analogue sensors
IIn order to determine measured values using the analogue sensors, you have to set the “Options” parameter.
The options are calculated and set by a service technician from KACO new energy Inc.,.
ATTENTION
Be careful not to destroy the sensor's measuring input!
Avoid using voltages > 10 V and make sure that the polarity is correct.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 97
Ov erv iew Cir cuit Diagr am
10 Overview Circuit Diagram
Figure 94: Configuration of the Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 98
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
D ec o mm issioning/Dismant ling
11 Decommissioning/Dismantling
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after the
inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious injury
or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
›› Always shut down the inverter (in the sequence described below) before dismantling
the unit.
›› Do not touch exposed contact connections.
Switch off the inverter
"" Switch the main ON/OFF switch to OFF (stop the inverter).
"" Switch the power grid switch to OFF (disconnect the inverter from the grid).
"" Switch the DC disconnector to OFF (disconnect the inverter from the PV generator).
"" Make sure that the inverter is disconnected from all voltage sources.
"" Attach locking devices to the circuit breaker of the power grid connection and to the AC and DC
disconnectors.
"" Wait at least six minutes before working on the inverter.
Decommission and dismantle the inverter
"" Disconnect all terminals and cable fittings.
"" Remove all DC and AC leads.
"" Disconnect the connections and bus bars between the cabinets.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 99
D isp o sal
12 Disposal
Dispose of the packaging materials
The packaging for the inverter consists of a wooden pallet, plastic foil made of polypropylene, and the
shipping container.
"" Dispose of the packaging materials in accordance with the applicable waste disposal regulations.
Dispose of the inverter
"" After the inverter has reached the end of its service life, dispose of it in accordance with the applicable
disposal regulations for electronic waste at your own expense or ask it to Kaco new energy Inc.,
Page 100
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
The text and figures reflect the current technical state at the time of printing. Subject to technical changes. Errors and omissions excepted.
Carl-Zeiss-Straße 1 · 74172 Neckarsulm · Germany · Tel. +49 7132 3818-0 · Fax +49 7132 3818-703 · info@kaco-newenergy.de · www.kaco-newenergy.com