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SECTION 02630
STORM DRAINAGE
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1
SUMMARY
A.
This Section includes gravity-flow, nonpressure storm drainage (REMOVED), with the following components:
1.
Cleanouts.
2.
Precast concrete manholes.
3.
Pipe
4.
Inlets
5.
(REMOVED)
6.
Endwalls
1.2
DEFINITIONS
A.
FRP: Fiberglass-reinforced plastic.
B.
PE: Polyethylene plastic.
C.
PP: Polypropylene plastic.
D.
PVC: Polyvinyl chloride plastic.
E.
TPE: Thermoplastic elastomer.
1.3
PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
A.
Gravity-Flow, Nonpressure, Drainage-Piping Pressure Rating: 10-foot head of water. Pipe joints shall be at least silttight, unless otherwise indicated.
1.4
SUBMITTALS
A.
Product Data: For the following:
1.
Manholes and stormwater inlets
B.
Shop Drawings: For the following:
1.
Manholes: Include plans, elevations, sections, details, and frames and covers.
2.
Stormwater Inlets. Include plans, elevations, sections, details, and frames, covers, and grates.
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3.
Stormwater Detention Structures: Include plans, elevations, sections, details, frames and covers, design calculations, and concrete design-mix report.
1.5
DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
A.
Do not store plastic manholes, pipe, and fittings in direct sunlight.
B.
Protect pipe, pipe fittings, and seals from dirt and damage.
C.
Handle manholes according to manufacturer's written rigging instructions.
D.
Handle stormwater inlets according to manufacturer's written rigging instructions.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1
PIPING MATERIALS
A.
Refer to Part 3 "Piping Applications" Article for applications of pipe, fitting, and joining materials.
2.2
PE PIPE AND FITTINGS
A.
(REMOVED)
2.3
NONPRESSURE-TYPE PIPE COUPLINGS
A.
(REMOVED)
2.4
CLEANOUTS
A.
(REMOVED)
2.5
MANHOLES
A.
Standard Precast Concrete Manholes: ASTM C 478, precast, reinforced concrete, of depth indicated, with provision for sealant joints.
1.
Diameter: 48 inches minimum, unless otherwise indicated.
2.
Ballast: Increase thickness of precast concrete sections or add concrete to base section, as required to prevent flotation.
3.
Base Section: 6-inch minimum thickness for floor slab and 4-inch minimum thickness for walls and base riser section, and having separate base slab or base section with integral floor.
4.
Riser Sections: 4-inch minimum thickness, and lengths to provide depth indicated.
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5.
Top Section: Eccentric-cone type unless concentric-cone or flat-slab-top type is indicated. Top of cone of size that matches grade rings.
6.
Joint Sealant: ASTM C 990, bitumen or butyl rubber.
7.
Steps: Individual FRP steps, FRP ladder, or ASTM A 615/A 615M, deformed, 1/2-inch steel reinforcing rods encased in ASTM D 4101, PP, wide enough to allow worker to place both feet on 1 step and designed to prevent lateral slippage off of step. Cast or anchor steps into sidewalls at 12- to 16-inch intervals. Omit steps if total depth from floor of manhole to finished grade is less than 60 inches.
8.
Grade Rings: Reinforced-concrete rings, 6- to 9-inch total thickness, to match diameter of manhole frame and cover.
9.
Manhole Frames and Covers: Ferrous; 24-inch ID by 7- to 9-inch riser with 4-inch- minimum width flange and 26-inch- diameter cover. Include indented top design with lettering cast into cover, using wording equivalent to "STORM SEWER." a.
Material: ASTM A 536, Grade 60-40-18 ductile iron, unless otherwise indicated. b.
Protective Coating: Foundry-applied, SSPC-Paint 16, coal-tar, epoxy-polyamide paint; 10-mil minimum thickness applied to all surfaces, unless otherwise indicated.
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2.6
CONCRETE
A.
General: Cast-in-place concrete according to ACI 318/318R, ACI 350R, and the following:
1.
Cement: ASTM C 150, Type II.
2.
Fine Aggregate: ASTM C 33, sand.
3.
Coarse Aggregate: ASTM C 33, crushed gravel.
4.
Water: Potable.
B.
Portland Cement Design Mix: 4000 psi minimum, with 0.45 maximum water-cementitious materials ratio.
1.
Reinforcement Fabric: ASTM A 185, steel, welded wire fabric, plain.
2.
Reinforcement Bars: ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60, deformed steel.
C.
Ballast and Pipe Supports: Portland cement design mix, 3000 psi minimum, with 0.58 maximum water-cementitious materials ratio.
1.
Reinforcement Fabric: ASTM A 185, steel, welded wire fabric, plain.
2.
Reinforcement Bars: ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60, deformed steel.
2.7
STORMWATER INLETS
A.
Gutter Inlets: Storm sewer inlets shall generally consist of concrete top units, inlet boxes, grade adjustment rings, frames, and grates. All storm sewer inlets shall have a minimum inside width
12 inches greater than the largest pipe outside diameter connected to it. The storm sewer inlets shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of Section 605 of PennDOT
Publication 408.
1.
The finished reinforced concrete top units, inlet boxes, and grade adjustment rings shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements and to the dimensions shown on RC-
34, Sheets 1 through 9 of PennDOT's Standards for Roadway Construction, RC-0 to RC-
100. All cement concrete used to construct the inlets shall be Class AA cement concrete which meets the minimum requirements of PennDOT Publication 408, Section 704. Precast reinforced concrete top units, inlet boxes and grade adjustment rings shall conform to the requirements of PennDOT Publication 408, Section 714, and have a minimum compressive strength of 3,500 psi. All reinforcement steel used to construct the storm sewer inlets shall be ASTM A615, Grade 60 deformed or plain steel bars which satisfy the requirements of PennDOT Publication 408, Section 709.1 and 709.2 (if applicable).
All grade adjustment rings shall be of pre-cast concrete construction.
2.
All storm sewer inlets shall have 4-inch diameter, 10-foot-long underdrains, as indicated on the detail on the drawings, to allow for the intake of subsurface drainage. One 10-foot long underdrain shall extend from each side of the inlet box. Installation of the underdrains shall be below the aggregate base course. All storm sewer inlets shall also have weep holes at an elevation which permits drainage of the pavement subbase. The diameter of the weep holes should be limited so as not to allow backfill to "wash" into the inlet.
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3.
The storm sewer inlet frame and grates shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements and to the dimensions shown on RC-34, Sheets 1 through 9 of PennDOT's
Standards for Roadway Construction, RC-0 to RC-100. All castings shall be nonrocking, structural steel and conform to the requirements of PennDOT Publication 408,
Section 605.2a. All frames shall be set in a full bed of mortar and anchored to the concrete top unit using minimum two anchor bolts on opposite sides. All grates shall be bicycle safe grates that meet PennDOT and local requirements.
4.
The castings shall be thoroughly cleaned and free from cold shuts, blow holes, and other imperfections. The casting shall be sound, true to form and thickness, cleaned by means of sand blast, and shall be neatly finished. The metal-bearing areas of frames and grates in contact shall be machine-ground to fit in pairs, shall be marked as pairs, and each pair shall be match-marked with notches to insure satisfactory seating.
5.
All storm sewer inlets shall have ladder rungs, spaced 12 inches apart, to facilitate access to the inlet. All ladder rungs shall meet the requirements of PennDOT Publication 408,
Section 605.2(c). A sealant shall be provided between the top concrete section of the storm sewer inlet and the frame. The Contractor shall use a sealant recommended by the casting manufacturer.
6.
Inlets with snouts shall be sized to accommodate the proper installation of and required functioning of the snout within the inlet.
B.
Frames and Grates: Heavy-duty frames and grates according to RC-34, Sheets 1 through 9 of
PennDOT's Standards for Roadway Construction, RC-0 to RC-100.
2.8
STORMWATER DETENTION STRUCTURES
A.
(REMOVED)
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2.9
UNDERGROUND STORMWATER STORAGE FACILITIES
A.
(REMOVED)
2.10
PIPE OUTLETS
A.
Concrete Endwalls: Refer the drawings for details of the concrete endwall. The concrete endwalls shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of Section 605 of PennDOT
Publication 408 and local requirements. In the event of a conflict between the two standards, the more stringent shall apply. The concrete endwalls shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements and to the dimensions shown on RC-31, Sheet 1 of PennDOT's Standards for
Roadway Construction, RC-0 to RC-100 and local requirements. All cement concrete used to construct the concrete endwalls shall be Class AA cement concrete which meets the minimum requirements of PennDOT Publication 408, Section 704. Pre-cast reinforced concrete endwalls shall conform to the requirements of PennDOT Publication 408, Section 714, and have a minimum compressive strength of 3,500 psi. All reinforcement steel used to construct the storm sewer inlets shall be ASTM A615, Grade 60 deformed or plain steel bars which satisfy the requirements of PennDOT Publication 408, Section 709.1.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1
EARTHWORK
A.
Excavation, trenching, and backfilling are specified in Division 2 Section "Earthwork."
3.2
PIPING APPLICATIONS
A.
Pipe couplings and special pipe fittings with pressure ratings at least equal to piping rating may be used in applications below, unless otherwise indicated.
1.
Use nonpressure-type flexible couplings where required to join gravity-flow, nonpressure sewer piping, unless otherwise indicated. a.
Shielded flexible or rigid couplings for same or minor difference OD pipes. b.
Unshielded, increaser/reducer-pattern, flexible or rigid couplings for pipes with different OD. c.
Ring-type flexible couplings for piping of different sizes where annular space between smaller piping's OD and larger piping's ID permits installation.
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B.
Gravity-Flow, Nonpressure Sewer Piping: Use the following pipe materials for each size range:
1.
NPS 4 and NPS 6: Corrugated PE drainage pipe and fittings, silttight couplings, and coupled joints.
2.
NPS 15: Corrugated PE pipe and fittings, silttight couplings, and coupled joints.
3.
NPS 18 to NPS 36: Corrugated PE pipe and fittings, silttight couplings, and coupled joints.
3.3
PIPING INSTALLATION
A.
General Locations and Arrangements: Drawing plans and details indicate general location and arrangement of underground storm drainage piping. Location and arrangement of piping layout take design considerations into account. Install piping as indicated, to extent practical. Where specific installation is not indicated, follow piping manufacturer's written instructions.
B.
Install piping beginning at low point, true to grades and alignment indicated with unbroken continuity of invert. Place bell ends of piping facing upstream. Install gaskets, seals, sleeves, and couplings according to manufacturer's written instructions for use of lubricants, cements, and other installation requirements.
C.
Install manholes for changes in direction unless fittings are indicated. Use fittings for branch connections unless direct tap into existing sewer is indicated.
D.
Install proper size increasers, reducers, and couplings where different sizes or materials of pipes and fittings are connected. Reducing size of piping in direction of flow is prohibited.
E.
Tunneling: Install pipe under streets or other obstructions that cannot be disturbed by tunneling, jacking, or a combination of both.
F.
Install gravity-flow, nonpressure drainage piping according to the following:
1.
Install piping pitched down in direction of flow, at minimum slope of 0.50 percent, unless otherwise indicated.
2.
Install piping NPS 6 and larger with restrained joints at tee fittings and at changes in direction. Use corrosion-resistant rods, pipe or fitting manufacturer's proprietary restraint system, or cast-in-place concrete supports or anchors.
3.
Install piping with 24-inch minimum cover.
4.
Install corrugated steel piping according to ASTM A 798/A 798M.
5.
Install PE corrugated sewer piping according to CPPA's "Recommended Installation
Practices for Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe and Fittings."
3.4
PIPE JOINT CONSTRUCTION
A.
Basic pipe joint construction is specified in Division 2 Section "Piped Utilities - Basic Materials and Methods." Where specific joint construction is not indicated, follow piping manufacturer's written instructions.
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B.
Join gravity-flow, nonpressure drainage piping according to the following:
1.
Join corrugated steel sewer piping according to ASTM A 798/A 798M.
2.
Join corrugated PE piping according to CPPA 100 and the following: a.
Use silttight couplings for Type 2, silttight joints. b.
Use soiltight couplings for Type 1, soiltight joints.
3.
Join dissimilar pipe materials with nonpressure-type flexible or rigid couplings.
C.
Join force-main pressure piping according to the following:
1.
Join PVC pressure piping according to AWWA M23 for gasketed joints.
3.5
CLEANOUT INSTALLATION
A.
(REMOVED)
3.6
MANHOLE INSTALLATION
A.
General: Install manholes, complete with appurtenances and accessories indicated.
B.
Install precast concrete manhole sections according to ASTM C 891.
C.
Set tops of frames and covers flush with finished surface of manholes that occur in pavements.
Set tops 3 inches above finished surface elsewhere, unless otherwise indicated.
3.7
STORMWATER INLET AND OUTLET INSTALLATION
A.
Construct inlet head walls, aprons, and sides of reinforced concrete, as indicated.
B.
Install outlets that spill onto grade, anchored with concrete, where indicated.
C.
Install outlets that spill onto grade, with flared end sections that match pipe, where indicated.
D.
Construct energy dissipaters at outlets, as indicated.
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3.8
CONCRETE PLACEMENT
A.
Place cast-in-place concrete according to ACI 318/318R.
3.9
CONNECTIONS
A.
Connect nonpressure, gravity-flow drainage piping in building's storm building drains.
3.10
IDENTIFICATION
A.
Materials and their installation are specified in division 2 Section "Earthwork." Arrange for installation of green warning tape with “Storm Sewer” imprinted on it in bold letters directly over piping and at outside edge of underground structures.
1.
Use detectable warning tape with “Storm Sewer” impr inted on it in bold letters over nonferrous piping and over edges of underground structures.
3.11
FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A.
Inspect interior of piping to determine whether line displacement or other damage has occurred.
Inspect after approximately 24 inches of backfill is in place, and again at completion of Project.
1.
Submit separate reports for each system inspection.
2.
Defects requiring correction include the following: a.
Alignment: Less than full diameter of inside of pipe is visible between structures. b.
Deflection: Flexible piping with deflection that prevents passage of ball or cylinder of size not less than 92.5 percent of piping diameter. c.
Crushed, broken, cracked, or otherwise damaged piping. d.
Infiltration: Water leakage into piping. e.
Exfiltration: Water leakage from or around piping.
3.
Replace defective piping using new materials, and repeat inspections until defects are within allowances specified.
4.
Reinspect and repeat procedure until results are satisfactory.
B.
Test new piping systems, and parts of existing systems that have been altered, extended, or repaired, for leaks and defects.
1.
Do not enclose, cover, or put into service before inspection and approval.
2.
Test completed piping systems according to authorities having jurisdiction.
3.
Schedule tests and inspections by authorities having jurisdiction with at least 24 hours' advance notice.
4.
Submit separate report for each test.
5.
Gravity-Flow Storm Drainage Piping: Test according to requirements of authorities having jurisdiction, UNI-B-6, and the following:
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Exception: Piping with soiltight joints unless required by authorities having jurisdiction. b.
Option: Test plastic piping according to ASTM F 1417.
C.
Leaks and loss in test pressure constitute defects that must be repaired.
D.
Replace leaking piping using new materials, and repeat testing until leakage is within allowances specified.
3.12
CLEANING
A.
Clean interior of piping of dirt and superfluous materials. Flush with potable water.
3.13
MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
A.
All work performed under this section shall be paid under the lump sum bid for the following pay item:
1.
Storm Drainage Construction
END OF SECTION 02630
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