Approved Module Information for EE2F04, 2014/5
Module Title/Name: Substations, Transformers and Circuit
Breakers
Module Code: EE2F04
School: Engineering and Applied Science
Module Type: Foundation
New Module? No
Module Credits: 20
Module Management Information
Module Leader Name
Email Address
Vincent Malala
malalav2@aston.ac.uk
Telephone Number
Not Specified
Office
Not Specified
Level Description:
Level 5 (Foundation Degree/Dip He)
Programmes in which available:
FD in Electrical Power Engineering (Distribution). FD in
Electrical Power Engineering (Transmission).
Available to Exchange Students?
Not Specified
Module Learning Information
Module Aims:
On completion of this unit the student will be able to:
1. Demonstrate knowledge about elements and functionality of different types of substations and their role in electrical energy
transmission and distribution
2. Assess the key features of substations elements and equipment found in substations
3. Demonstrate ability to deal with problems associated with substations
Module Learning Outcomes:
Ability to operate and maintain substations and to perform testing on, and commissioning of power transformers
Ability to describe the key features of substation elements and equipment, operation, maintenance and testing of power
transformers
Understand the characteristics of substantiations and associated equipment
Ability to resolve problems associated with substations and related equipment
Indicative Module Content:
Substations types - Step-up transmission substation, Step-down transmission substation, Distribution substation, Underground
distribution substation
Substation function - The role of substations, energy flow monitoring, communication signals and circuits, lightning and voltage
surge elimination, switching, voltage regulation.
Equipment and elements of a substation - Air, oil, vacuum & SF6 circuit breakers, batteries, bus support insulators, switches and
isolators, coupling capacitors, concrete foundation, CTs & potential transformers, meters and metering, metal-clad switchgear,
lightning and surge arresters, grounding resistors and transformers, power-line carrier, shunt reactors, synchronous condensers,
frequency changers.
Earthing - Wiring and earthing for safety and performance, earthing and bonding equipment, earth electrodes and earth mates,
dedicated and derived neutral systems, supplementary earthing systems (chemicals earths), earthing and noise control, earthing
and protection requirements.
Auxiliary Plant - Substation communication equipment, audio-frequency control equipment, batteries, substation lighting system,
fire protection systems.
Transformers - Vector grouping, IEC and ANSI notation, Delta (D,d), Star (Y,y), Interconnected star (Z,z), Open (III,iii), numbers
and phase displacement, Two windings ? three phase transformers,
Cooling - Air cooled oil-Immersed , water-cooled , forced-oil cooling, self-cooling with air blast , temperature limits , transformer
loading
Banking/ Parallel operation - Banking of single phase transformers, parallel operation of three-phase transformers, circulating
current problems, calculation of load sharing in parallel transformers with un-equal impedance,
Tap changers - Transformers tap changers what are they? Tap changers function and features, voltage considerations, off-circuit
tap changers, on-load tap changers, mechanical tap changers, thyristor assisted tap changers, solid state (thyristor) tap changers,
phase-angle control, maintenance.
Transformer maintenance, testing and commissioning - Insulation testing , high potential testing , turns ratio testing , polarity
testing , power factor , excitation current , DC winding resistance , polarization recovery, insulating fluid dielectric , dissolved gas
analysis, strategy of transformer tap changers
CIRCUIT BREAKERS & SWITCHGEAR - Power switchgear: types, standards, tests, insulation systems, disconnecting devices,
operating systems, Safety, Current interruption in power systems, Recovery transients (RV, TRV, RRRV),Fault duties, Closing
transients Load, capacitor and inductor switching, Lightning considerations System Configurations & Protection, Application
Principles, Protective Transformers, Fault Calculations, Protection Grading , Fuse Protection, Directional Protection, Transformer,
Busbar, Feeder Protection , Commissioning Procedures, Intertripping Schemes
Low Voltage Switchgear And Breakers - ANSI specifications for low voltage switchgear and breakers: temperature rise, ratings,
design tests, production tests and usual and unusual service conditions, Construction features of low voltage switchgear UL and
CSA standards, Comparison with IEC standard of switchgear and low voltage circuit breakers
Medium-Voltage Switchgear And Circuit Breakers - Types of circuit breakers, Applications, Design criteria and ANSI standards,
Definition of ratings of circuit breakers, Service/maintenance
High Voltage Circuit Breakers - Types: SF6, bulk oil, air blast, Ratings, Applications, Gas insulated switchgear, Servicemaintenance
Commissioning Tests For Switchgear - Trip and close timing, Contact resistance, Control circuits, Insulation system, Monitoring
systems: SF6, gas, air
Metal Enclosed Switchgear - Classification of switchgear assemblies, Detailed review of ANSI standards, Load break switches,
ratings, dimensions, construction feature, current limiting and expulsion fuses, Unit substations - single ended and double ended,
Ground fault protection in double-ended unit substations Metal enclosed circuit breaker switchgear, Dimensions and construction
features, Control switchboards
Preventative Maintenance - Setting up a preventive maintenance program, Scheduling/monitoring, Budgeting/cash control, Safety
considerations
Module Delivery
Methods of Delivery & Learning Hours (by each method):
Method of Delivery
Learning Hours
Lecture:
35 hours
Tutorial:
5 hours
Seminar:
5 hours
Lab Session:
20 hours
Independent Study:
135 hours
Total Learning Hours:
200 hours
Learning & Teaching Rationale:
Lectures, tutorials and assignments
Tutorials
Module Assessment
Methods of Assessment & associated weighting (including approaches to formative assessment as well as summative):
Assessment
Type
Category
Duration/
Submission
Date
Common
Modules/
Exempt
from
Anonymous
Marking
Details
EXAM
TOTAL
Closed
Book
3:00hrs
-
75%
Group
Assignment
08/May/2015
Yes
5%
Details
Coursework
Details
Coursework
Details
Assessment
Weight
-
Group presentation, circuit-breaker modelling exercise
Individual
Assignment
29/May/2015
Yes
20%
Transformer laboratory report
Total:
100%
Method of Submission:
Hard Copy Only
Assessment Rationale:
As work-based learners, the assessment focus is based on the ability to practically achieve set exercises, rather than through
knowledge.
Feedback Rationale:
Formal written feedback when next on campus. Verbal feedback on both a group or individual basis.