Gases and the Four Variables
Homework 11.1
For numbers 2-3, CIRCLE the italicized term that best completes the sentence.
1. During gas particle collision, kinetic energy...
(increases I decreases Iÿstÿsÿth-esamÿj).
2. As temperature increases, kinetic energy...
(ÿaÿ/ decreases / stays the same).
3. As the speed of gas molecules increases, Idnetic energy...
increS--ÿDseÿs/ decreases / stays the same).
(,
4. Why are gases able to be compressed? -}ÿ, ÿ/cÿlÿp ÿ.ÿ: d i
5. The Sl unit for volume is ') ;ÿ('r (!ÿ , pressure is
,ÿ!tÿ;.;ÿ,ÿ/,ÿ i ÿ. ,;b and temperature is %'ÿ ÿ'-" f.
.
Convert the following. ,,. (,' ?LÿI I °C: /< ..... 2 /.ÿ
a. 24°C ÿctÿ].l(
b. 58°C ÿiÿi I(
.
c. 54 K ÿ)lÿi °C
d. 324K ,JJ I °C
Convert the following.
a. 1.0latin
-7(ÿg_mmHg
b. 98.4kPa
,q-/i atm
c. 0.95 atm __kPa
d. 104.SkPa lÿ'!,OmmHg
/t,4,::, tifiÿ, f:l! 13
.
/ÿol, ;f,",ÿ$.ÿ
What is absolute zero? -iÿÿ(' -r-ÿ.ÿ ÿ ÿ,ÿtÿ' ÿ ,,ÿi,.ÿ !.,, /:ÿ 'i
Gas Laws
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3
Gases and the Four Variables
Homework 11.1
,
You have a sample of a gas in a sealed, rigid (cannot be stretched or
enlarged) cylinder. I,f you INCREASE the temperoture of the
cy#nder, what happens to...
a°
...the kinetic energy of the gas molecules.
f,
']ÿC !d(7'2I& 7'ÿ' 7<"17 -)?-ÿt' ÿn,t7{/ 7;ht rYw,/c'/-t41t.I nÿov(' -f-ÿ,tÿ. llÿ.ÿh¢,, -}'htÿ I/J;/
f, i> . ÿ p /
b.
...The pressure exerted by the gas molecules on the walls of the
container.
1
C,
...The speed of the gas molecules.
d .... The number of collisions of gas molecules with other gas
molecules.
10. What is the total pres_suxe (in mmHg) exerted by a sample of gases
containing 319 mmHg H2, 201 kPa N2, and 0.6 atm 02? ,!.o:!,;,!ÿL!i.q,,.,,,?,ÿ7 ,I,5%,
....................
17v:. i ',bl I1ÿ; -: 'i;%
iÿ ;
ÿ
II
.......
"
! ÿ,,ÿ, .,,ÿ:fÿ, ÿ'., o- hq <. !5ÿo
rio ........ i) 1+" 'ÿ' ...... .D )[7-ÿ] ./¥','v ..... +j
t
11. If the total pressu[e ora mixture of Oÿ, Nÿ, and H2 is .902 mml:tg,
what is the\prflssure 8fÿ02\if there pressure of Nÿ is 355 mmHg Nÿ
and H2 is 0.3 atm?
-r',
'}ÿ .. , ;ÿ, hq-ÿ !._:'9 ',-,v' ÿ!<ÿ- ;,,/ÿ ....... ÿl0
x. -
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Gas Laws
IdealGasLaw "{P\/: Yÿtÿ t
,
Homework11.2
Yÿ
Determine theitemperatureiÿn _ÿ )lof 2..49 moles of gas contained
in a 1ÿ90 L vessel at a pressure of 143 kPa.
,j/
P\! Y, I,'!,\)
i-
yV !ii', i,'iA)(!,o::,:) to<:llf>ÿ.!ÿ. (</"IIY,,
(.ÿ,LI q ÿ,,A) (, -:_::,t I ÿ4 ........ ÿ,
.
ÿ, 7 l't
C,qlt< - 7_ 1:5 -?-t'b,OC) : -
o,
2. What is the[pressure (!n kPa)/of a 0.108 mo! sample of helium gas at
20.0 °C if its volume is 0.505 L?
['- ?C)"d ', "f 2 I':. / q/' I",
"":"
: SV :, f', !
/} :,
i'ÿ !i, I ,. (,t],)<,,, ÿ(7ÿ,7;I ,r,q, "\f
,,
5 ?t), ! t ,-
: ) 0ÿ ) I
,
;
Calculate theilnumber of rnoleJ, of gas that occupy a 3.45 L container
at a pressure of 150 kPa and a temperature of 45.6 °C.
Iÿ
-( ,\r:,t.":,iTÿ!,:,: "Jlÿ,to
i"q; '>
• " " .... t
tÿ t>\1 ÿ/go,,.fc;ÿ\.,4-' 3 . i '1 i' .0':,:}<>
O !-' +'t[]x t : "7 \t<> "ÿ
K-t t,7,;,t ,,:ÿ,i,,,)k:,ÿ ,'<' '
Gas Lows ,zÿ cincochem.pbworks.com
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Homework 11,2
/"> \/: I] I'L !
Ideal Gas Law
q
V
4. If 0.2804 mol of methane gas (CH4) is introduced into a 2.00 L
container at 35°(i,_, what is thelp-res-sure/in the container?
7ÿ= 3ÿ°&4 2 I:, : >)ÿ
- ? /'tÿrÿ' \i'5oJK)
t.t' ÿ,v'/,tÿ';..4)(ÿ,)l ÿ,;A,,ÿ)\"
\,/
'?, ÿ ¢) I
IYl i) ;ÿ4ÿlllÿ ;
,1
°
1)
,-i..id°(.ÿ ) !;
A 2.00 L flask is filled with propane gas (C3H8) at 101.3 kPa and -15.0 /,Liÿ/K
oc. What is thetm/aSisklin gramsl of the propane in the flask? I,int:
Convert moles to grams!)
.
t
,ÿ , /
%
. Oÿ'/Y,.,.,A ÿ':,ÿlÿi'lÿl, oq 7ÿqÿ}:;ÿ /J,167///,/V?j
L,ÿ n/t
[
Y=
,
?
......
Determine theÿlSFessutetmsÿde a telewsÿon pÿcture tube wÿth a
x/
"
........
5
volume of 3ÿ50ÿ that contains 2.00xlOÿgrams of nitrogen gas at
22.0 °C. (Hint: Convert grams to moles!)
?2% ÿil.: /i ÿ;'
I :" J, n v \ ÿ.I I..ÿ /
",/
?), (j(ÿ/
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Gas ÿaws
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Combined Gas Law
1; \:,
ÿq, i ÿ
rÿ, " i :
Homework 11,3
"x/ÿ
j*j
1. A helium filled balloon at sea level has a volume of 2.10 L at 0.998
atm and 36ÿC. If it is released and rises to an elevation at which the
47 pressure is 0.90{3 atm and the temperature is 28 °C, what will be the
ilÿ5ÿc¢ new/Tv- 19 uÿmiÿ\ofthe balloon?
ÿ.: -/ÿ,,(ÿ/ j:, 3ol I,q
7ÿ-/3 --
\/ÿ .- 7
1ÿ
t>
\
F,: ?o%ÿ)qÿ-:?-q3ÿ< F:,
,
x/,;
At 20.0 °C and 1.00 atm pressure, a sample of gas occupies 0.03 L.
If the temperature is increased to 30.0 °C and the entire sample is
"/k
transferred to a 0.02 L container, what will be the gaslpressurÿ
inside the container?
E,- "?,
/ t "/ :
1
--!
.
A sample of air in'syringe exerts a pressure of 1.02 atm at a
11
temperature of22.O_ °C: The syringe is then placed in a boiling rÿ.ÿ
water bath at 100.0 °C. The pressure of the air is increased to!.23
.
.. - ,-rÿ-ÿ<
atm lay pusnmg tne pÿunger in, which reduces the volume to 0.224 L.
What was theÿoriginal volume}of air?
"/ÿ
.......... ÿilv
Gas Laws
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7
Combined Gas Law
Homework 11.3
4.
An unopened cold 2.00 L soda bottle contains 46.0mL of gas : :ÿ 'c,ÿ ÿ rÿ Z iÿ I<
confined at a pressure of 1.3ÿatm at a temperature of 5.0 oÿ. If the
bottle is droppe: into a lake and sinks to a depth at which the
pressure is 2.85 atm and temperature is 2;09 °C, what will the
'Ivolumelof
the in thegas
bottle be?
\J/.
• '7'
%- 7_.oq,,< ÿ z-,ÿ, 7-15,05Y,,
?, V,
Ti
I z.
- 2ÿ),Vtÿ:
2
Oy
S.
A sample of unknown pressure occupies 0.766 L at a temperature of
29ÿ K. The same sample of gas is then tested under known
conditions and has a pressure of 32.6 kPa and occupies 0.644 L" at
303 I(. What was thelÿo!!ginai presÿeÿof the gas7
1ÿ
'Iÿ, !
,
,
t:
i t,l ÿ!'I(.7qÿ'l '; _ "7_ b :'t 'Tj
A gas at 110 kPa and 30.0 °C fills a flexible container with an initial
.....................
): ÿ'o ÿ zÿ5 • Z,,S :ÿ)',,
volume of 2.Oÿ"L. If the temperature is raised to 80.0 °C and the
pressure is increased to 440 kPa, what is the new volume?
"/7 7
-:,,: h!,:D
..........
\
(.30:,,/4?' m o )
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Gas Laws
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Homework 11.4
Individual Gas Laws
Read each question. ÿe gas law that applies to the problem.
Then, solve for the missing variable.
1. If a basketball hÿ 9,volume 2.5 L and a temperature of 25 °C,. ÿ what
will its newÿvÿumeI be if it is left in the cola at temperature Of 10
°C? Assume that pressure remains constant.
ÿz to ,' 2ÿrÿ
( Boyle's/(Charles'sÿ/Gay - Lussac's )
7 tf..,ÿ ;ÿ-
I
-f,
,
-ÿ, q! Iÿ
If a balloon has a pressure of 1,3 atm and a temperature of 10_.0 °Cÿ
If volume remains constant, and its temperature is raised to 215 °C,
what will new
thepressureÿbe?
IP ( Boyle's
/ Charles's/ÿ6ay"Lussac'£')
...............
L_
,'ÿ ,. ÿ.:, ..
,°,,(q7
" ÿ r-.)
t ÿ . ............. :
1,7 o:,o
(.'€ "//l't
I
t
,
tfa balloon has a volume of ÿLand a pressure of 600 mmHg, what
will itsÿpressureÿbe if its volume decreases to2 L? Assume that
t
vÿ:
emperature
rema ns constant. ((Boyie'sÿ/ Charles's / Gay-Lussac's )
?ÿ \l,
.....
" ÿ'/ÿ
Gas Laws
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9
Homework 11.4
Individual Gas Laws
4. If a ball has an initial temperature of 315 K, what wilt its final
, .v temperatureÿ be if the pressure is changed from 1.2 atm to 13.2
atm? Assume that volume remains constant.
'ÿ
( Boyle's / Charles's/ÿGa;ÿ--[-ussaÿ)
.... i
J
,
A ball has a volume of 3.5 Land a pressure of 450 kPa. If
_ how large
the
ÿolumeÿ
e if we
temperature remains constants,
will
ÿvo!umeÿb
increase the pressure to 550 kÿPÿa?
vÿ= ÿ,
",I- 7
.
If a balloon has a volume of 3.2 L at 273 i(: what will its wolumeÿ,ÿbe at
473 I(? Pressure is held constant.
( Boyle's/ÿcharleÿ.s)/Gay - Lussac's )
I7
-11,
10
(-/ /ÿ, 1',)
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Gas Laws