Very Passive Very Aggressive RBC Algorithm Quick Guide Variable Aggression Levels Algorithm DMA THOR IT! Description Trade Examples Works Best… Utilizes THOR routing technology; manages display size using RBC’s proprietary posting logic. * Use of a limit price is strongly recommended. (WILL COMPLETE IF MARKETABLE) Buy 500,000 MSFT at $24.25. When willing to buy or sell stock at a specific price point. RBC NOW I Would Aggressively seeks liquidity while managing market impact. * Use of a limit price is strongly recommended. (WILL COMPLETE IF MARKETABLE) Buy 500,000 MSFT with a $24.25 top, I would. In aggressive/urgent situations. RBC Eclipse In-line/ Work Uses stock-specific triggers to opportunistically source liquidity. (MAY NOT COMPLETE) Buy 250,000 HRZ, I would in-line or participate lightly with volume. When willing to work the order while attempting to source liquidity. Implementation Shortfall (IS) Best Way Follows a front-loaded schedule quantitatively optimized to balance market impact and opportunity cost. (WILL COMPLETE IF MARKETABLE) Buy 200,000 DIS best way. When balancing the trade-off between market impact and time risk. POV Work Tracks volume at a specified participation rate. (MAY NOT COMPLETE) Buy 200,000 IBM, be 20% of the volume. In situations where a desired rate of participation is known. VWAP/TWAP Spread Out VWAP follows a schedule based on current market conditions and the stock’s historical profile. TWAP follows a straight-line schedule. (WILL COMPLETE IF MARKETABLE) Buy 100,000 XOM over the day. When executing an order over a specified time frame. RBC Dark Be Discreet Dark aggregator that actively accesses liquidity in 20+ pools. (MAY NOT COMPLETE) Buy 50,000 ZOLT with an $8.00 top. Do not display any part of the order. For intelligently accessing dark liquidity. RBC Select Trading Urgency Liquidity-seeking strategy that utilizes a single aggressiveness parameter to drive execution. Default setting is Level 3 – Neutral. (LEVELS 4 & 5 WILL COMPLETE IF MARKETABLE) • Level 1 – Least Aggressive Varies based on selected aggressiveness level: For capturing liquidity in lit and dark by using a single parameter. • Level 5 – Most Aggressive RBC Algorithm Parameters RBC Capital Markets DMA RBC NOW RBC Eclipse RBC Select Pre/Post Mkt. Peg To Peg Offset Discretion Offset Max Display Include Open Post in Lit T urbo Sweep to limit, aggressive time trigger Include Open Post in Lit Aggression Passive: ↓ MinPOV, ↑ liquidity trigger, ↑ MinQty Standard Aggressive: ↑ MinPOV, ↓ liquidity trigger, ↓ MinQty Aggression Level 1: Least Aggressive Level 2: Level 3: Neutral Level 4: Level 5: Most Aggressive Implementation Shortfall (IS) POV VWAP/TWAP RBC Dark Include Open Max % Volume I Would Price Aggression Passive Standard Aggressive Style Reversion: ↑ participation on favorable move; ↓ unfavorable Standard: No scaling Momentum: ↓ participation on favorable move; ↑ unfavorable I Would Price Include Open Include Close Max % Volume I Would Price Aggression Passive: Suitable dark pools Standard: Suitable dark & grey pools Aggressive: All available dark & grey pools Default setting. Note: algorithm parameters are subject to change; please speak with your RBC representative for the most up-to-date parameters. Sales & Trading Contacts: U.S. +1.212.618.7700 | Canada +1.416.842.5326 | EMEA +44.20.7002.2552 THOR has been patented by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Corresponding patent applications have been filed in other geographies including Canada, Australia and the European Union. This communication is for informational purposes only. It is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument, investment product or service. The information contained herein, has been compiled from sources believed to be reliable, but no representation or warranty, express or implied, is made by RBC Capital Markets or any of its businesses or representatives, as to its accuracy, completeness or correctness. To the full extent permitted by law, neither RBC Capital Markets nor any of its businesses or representatives, accepts any liability whatsoever arising from the use of this communication. RBC Capital Markets is a registered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada. RBC Capital Markets is the global brand name for the capital markets business of Royal Bank of Canada and its affiliates, including RBC Capital Markets, LLC (member FINRA, NYSE, and SIPC); RBC Dominion Securities, Inc. (member IIROC and CIPF) and RBC Europe Limited (Authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and the Prudential Regulation Authority). ® Registered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada. Used under license. © Copyright 2013. All rights reserved. 07/13 13-940US