1. GENERAL EDITING TEXT
Edit the following text. In addition to correcting grammar and spelling, you should make
the text logical, clear, consistent and concise. You are expected to improve word choice
and the sequence of information in the text and to delete repetition. You should not make
comments or queries to the author; rather, you should make the necessary changes based
on your best judgement. You are not expected to apply specific United Nations editorial
rules or style. Formatting of the text is not required. All changes to the text must be
tracked using the Track Changes function.
Time allotted: 1 hour and 30 minutes.
Current financial and economic crisis and health
1.
The scale and reach of the current financial crisis has left the world
economy facing a rapidly-deteriorating outlook in many countries. The
financial crisis had led to a credit crunch and lowered asset values
constraining household spending and curtailed production and trade. Global
output and trade plummeted in the final months of 2008. The world
economy is forcast to contract by about 2.0 per cent in 2009. World gross
product is expected to decline by 3.5 per cent in 2009.1 Growth in emerging
and developing economies is expected to slow from 6¼ per cent in 2008 to
3¼ per cent in 2009, owing both to falling export demand and financing,
lower commodity prices and tighten external financing constraints.2 Based
on World Trade Organization estimates, global exports volume will decline
by approximately 9 per cent — the largest decline since the Second World
United Nations/Department of Economic and Social Affairs, World Economic Situation
and Prospects: update as of mid-2009, United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.II.C.2.
2 , World Economic Outlook, Update, 28 January 2009 (International Monetary Fund)
1
War.3 Developed economy exports are expected to fall by some 10 percent
on average and developing country exports are expected to shrink by 2-3 per
cent.
2..
Amid this grim prognosis, an overriding concern of the international
community is the fate of the internationally-agreed development goals,
including the Millenium Development Goals. Most of the efforts of the
developing countries to achieve the Millennium Development goals have
benefited from the improved economic growth and relatively low inflation
that characterized the first years of this Millennium. The gains achieved in
the past decade with a down turn in the global economy, are likely to
“unravel” and in some instances this reversal has already begun. New
estimates of the World Bank for 2009 suggest that 46 million more people
will fall below the $1.25-a-day poverty line and an extra fifty-three million
people will be forced to live on less than $2-a-day compared to the estimates
before the crisis unfolded.4
3.
Under these conditions, achieving the Millenium Development Goal of
halving extreme poverty and hunger in the World by 2015 will be difficult.
The crisis will effect all countries with a serious and disproportionate impact
on the poorest and those most isolated. Livelihoods of rural and urban poor
families are already rapidly deteriorating. Governement expenditures and
social protection systems will be negatively impacted. Jobs are being lost in
4
World Bank, “Crisis Hitting Poor Hard in Developing World”, Press Release
No. 2009/220/EXC, Washington, D.C., 12 February 2009.
most
parts
of
the
world
at
a
quick
pace,
with
women
being
disproportionately affected in the developing world where almost two thirds
work in vulnerable jobs and as unpaid family workers. Women are also
disproportionately represented in part time, seasonal and short-term informal
jobs and therefore are deprived of job security and benefits.
4.
It is nevertheless imperative to counter this period of economic down
turn by increasing investment in health and the social sectors and building
on past successes. There are several strong reasons supporting this line of
action.
(a) First, to protect the poor. The global economic crisis, along with
food insecurity and some of the impacts of climate change, have critical
implications for global public health.
(b) Second, to promote economic recovery. Investment in social
sectors is investment in human capital.
(c) Third, promoting social stability and security. Equitable
distribution of health care is a critical contributor to social cohesion.
(d) Fourth, to generate efficiency. Prepayment with pooling of
resources is the most efficient way of financing health expenditure.5.In this
time of crisis, all Governments and political leaders must maintain their
efforts to strengthen and improve the performance of their health systems,
protect the health of the people of the world, and in particular of those who
are most fragile.
Development cooperation for health
6.
In many countries, responsibility for health and social services is at the
local level. However increasingly, policies that affect the health and social
service sector, such as financial, trade, industrial and agricultural , are
forged at the international level. As a consequence, health determinants as
well as national public policies and priorities are often influenced by
international policies and developments. Various national ministries,
including health, agriculture, finance, trade and foreign affairs, are now
cooperating to see how they can best provide input when policy decisions
are taken, and weigh the costs and benefits of alternative policy options on
health, the economy and the future of their people. The challenge is to
ensure that policymaking is inclusive of all actors and sectors, responding to
local needs and demands, accountable and health equity-oriented. Aid
8.
Aid, trade and debt relief are vital for developing countries that are
already burdened with straitened financial circumstances and competing
needs. Total official development assistance flows increased to $119.8
billion in 2008 from $103,700,000 in 2007. Until 2006, an increasing share
of all official development assistance (ODA) was being devoted to health.
Total bilateral commitments to health in the period 1980-1984 averaged $2.8
billion (constant 2006 dollars), or 5.3 per cent of all ODA. After remaining
unchanged in all of the 1990s, this increased to an average of $6.4 billion in
the five years to 2006, equivalent to 7.8 per cent of all ODA.
9.
In recent years, total aid for health from official and private sources has
more than doubled, to about $16.7 billion in 2006, up from $9.8 billion in
2000. There are, however, disparities between the amount of aid for health
received by countries — Zambia receives $20/person for health, Chad just
$1.59. The challenge now is to scale up aid to levels that will make it
possible to achieve the Milenniun Goals. For this to happen, aid needs to be
used more effectively and challenges highlighted in the Paris Declaration
need to be addressed.
10. Aid targeted towards the health sector has made a significant
contribution to health gains achieved so far, in particular, in the area of
HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis. But much more needs to be done, both
by donor countries and recipients. Analysis of trends over the past 10 years
shows aid for health is fragmented into large numbers of small projects;
more than two thirds of all commitments were for less than $500000.
Relatively little is provided directly into country budgets. This makes it
harder for developing countries to influence what aid is provided for or how
it is provided . Aid for health still needs to be much more aligned to country
priorities and, where possible, channelled through their national health
plans.
2. TECHNICAL EDITING TEXT
Edit the following text. In addition to correcting grammar and spelling, you should make
the text logical, clear, consistent and concise. You are expected to improve word choice
and the sequence of information in the text and to delete repetition. You should not make
comments or queries to the author; rather, you should make the necessary changes based
on your best judgement. You are not expected to apply specific United Nations editorial
rules or style. Formatting of the text is not required. All changes to the text must be
tracked using the Track Changes function.
Time allotted: 1 hour and 30 minutes.
Strengthening the evaluation function in the United Nations Entity for
Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women
1.
Evaluation in the United Nations Entity for Gender equality and the
Empowerment of Women (UN-Women) is guided by United Nations system-wide
guidelines and mandates.
2.
Bringing together the normative and operational work of the United Nations on
gender equality, the structure of the evaluation function enables UN-Women to evaluate
its strategic goals at the global, regional and national level.
3.
An evaluation strategy has been developed that outlines the vision of United
Nations Women in line with it’s functions. Based on the principles of accountability,
credibility, use, independence, innovation, participation and coordination, UN-Women
will evaluate both the normative and operational dimensions of its work. The three
elements of the evaluation strategy are to:
(a)
The establishment of effective corporate evaluation systems to ensure evidence-based
policies and the effective use of evaluations;
(b)
Strengthen the decentralized evaluation culture to improve accountability,
(c)
Leading United Nations co-ordination on gender-responsive evaluation to generate
knowledge and ensure accountability regarding gender equality results;
(d)
Promote innovation and to generate knowledge on what works for gender equality.
A. Structure of the UN-Women evaluation function
4.
The UN-Women evaluation function is comprised of a central evaluation office
and specialized staff in the field. The independant Office of Evaluation reports directly to
the ED/USG of UN Women, and she serves as the custodian of the evaluation function.
The Office comprises nine staff members, including eight professionals and two support
staff members. To strengthen the Office and insure that it is adequately staffed, the UNWomen biennial institutional budget for 2012-2014 provides for five of the existing ten
positions.
5.
In 2011, expenditure for evaluation totalled $1.1 million in terms of core
programme resources. In addition, $0.5 million in cost-sharing resources were spent
under the global knowledge management initiative to develop capacity. Decentralized
evaluation expenditure totaled $700,000. Overall UN-Women expenditure on evaluation
was $2.3, or approximately 1.2 per cent of total UN-Women expenditure.
B. Actions to strengthen internal evaluation capacity
6.
Building internal training capacity is a key step towards developing a culture
which promotes accountability. Recognizing the existing needs and the phased approach
required to build internal evaluation capacity the Office in the short-term, provided
training, guidance materiel and continuous support to the decentralized evaluation
function.
8.
Nine evaluation training courses, including two webinars, were delivered in 2011,
with the active participation of over 190 UN-Women staff and partners (see table 1). The
trainings were conducted in the following regions: Latin America and the Caribbean;
South-East Asia; and South Africa.
Table 1
UN-Women staff and partners trained in evaluation in 2010, by region
Southern Latin
SouthTotal
Persons
Africa
America
East
trained
and the
Asia
Carribean
Partners
UNW
staff
9.
9
110
3
42
-30
12
180
Regional evaluation specialists provided additional direct coaching and technical
assistance including a review of monitoring and evaluation frameworks, and substantive
advice for the future development of monitoring, evaluation and research plans.
10.
A qualitative analysis of this support shows that there is slow progress in the
internalization of results based management and evaluation principals need to be further
integrated in the programming processes to ensure that initiatives supported by UNWomen are effective and able to be evaluated post-implementation.
11..
The Evaluation Office has developed high-calibre online material on gender-
responsive evaluation, including a manual on gender equality available online. A global
evaluation network managed by the Office contributed to the disemination of evaluation
guidance and training materials, reaching 100 UN Women staff members.
C. Corporate and decentralized evaluations completed in 2011
12
In 2011, UN-Women took a step toward aligning corporate and decentralized
evaluation planning with its strategic plan. This entailed the development of a Corporate
planning system and a sample of country work plans and the introduction of integrated
monitoring, evaluation and research plans as part of the annual workplans to be
completed in 2012.
A. Corporate evaluations
13.
Corporate evaluations are independent assessments undertaken by the Office of
Evaluation that cover strategical areas of UN-Women. The Strategic Plan mandates the
completion of four annual evaluations per year. As 29 February 2012, one evaluation was
completed, one was under implementation, and 2 were in preparation.
2. Decentralized evaluations
14.
Descentralized evaluations are managed by programmatic divisions at both
headquarters and in the field and are usually conducted by external evaluation teams.
15.
As at 28 February 2012, 15 decentralized evaluations had been completed. The
greatest coverage was in Africa (seven), followed by the Asia and Pacific region (3); the
Arab States (2), Europe and Central Asia (2) and Latin America and the Caribbean (1)
(see figure below).
I. Planned versus completed evaluations in 2011, by region
Asia and Pacific region 16.
Europe and Central Asia Latin America and the Caribbean Thirty-seven evaluations were planned for 2011, 40 per cent of which were
completed. While the completion rate was low, the number of evaluations represented an
increase versus previous years.
17.
The total expenditure for the 15 decentralized evaluations performed in 2011 was
$743,480. (see table 2).
Table II
Budget for decentralized evaluations by geographic area
Region
Africa
No. completed
evaluations
7
342,893
Arabic States
2
45000
Asia and the Pacific
3
118,425
Latin America and the
Caribbean
Europe/Central Asia
1
130,17
2
107,000
Global
15
743,488
_______________
Total Budget
3. REVISION TEST
Revise two of the following English translations from Arabic,
Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish.
Your goal is to align the two texts, ensuring that the English
translation matches the source language. You should correct
any errors of grammar, but should not rewrite or heavily
correct the English style.
All changes to the text must be tracked using the Track Changes function.
The texts start on the next page.
Time allotted: 1 hour and 30 minutes.
‫‪ARABIC‬‬
‫‪Source text‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫نحن‪ ،‬رؤساء الدول والحكومات وممثلو الدول والحكومات‪ ،‬المجتمعين في األمم المتحدة في ‪19‬‬
‫و ‪ 20‬أيلول‪/‬سبتمبر ‪ 2011‬للنظر في مسألة الوقاية من األمراض غير المعدية ومكافحتھا على الصعيد‬
‫العالمي‪ ،‬مع التركيز بصفة خاصة على التحديات التي تواجھھا البلدان النامية بوجه خاص في مجال‬
‫التنمية وغيرھا من التحديات وما يترتب عليھا من آثار اجتماعية واقتصادية في تلك البلدان‪،‬‬
‫‪ - 1‬نسلم بأن عبء األمراض غير المعدية وخطرھا يشكالن أحد أكبر التحديات الماثلة أمام التنمية‬
‫على الصعيد العالمي في القرن الحادي والعشرين‪ ،‬مما يقوض التنمية االجتماعية واالقتصادية في‬
‫جميع أرجاء العالم‪ ،‬ويخل بتحقيق األھداف اإلنمائية المتفق عليھا دوليا؛‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫نسلم بأن األمراض غير المعدية تشكل خطرا على اقتصادات العديد من الدول األعضاء‪ ،‬وقد‬
‫تؤدي إلى تزايد أوجه التفاوت بين البلدان والشعوب؛‬
‫‪-3‬‬
‫نسلم بما تقوم به الحكومات من دور بالغ األھمية في التصدي للتحدي الذي تمثله األمراض غير‬
‫المعدية وبما تتحمله من مسؤولية في ھذا المجال وبالضرورة الملحة ألن تؤدي جھود جميع قطاعات‬
‫المجتمع ومشاركتھا إلى اتخاذ إجراءات فعالة من أجل الوقاية من األمراض غير المعدية ومكافحتھا؛‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫نسلم أيضا بأھمية دور المجتمع الدولي والتعاون الدولي في مساعدة الدول األعضاء‪ ،‬وال سيما‬
‫البلدان النامية‪ ،‬في تكملة الجھود المبذولة على الصعيد الوطني للتصدي على نحو فعال لألمراض غير‬
‫المعدية؛‬
‫‪-5‬‬
‫نعيد تأكيد حق كل فرد في التمتع بأعلى مستوى يمكن بلوغه من الصحة البدنية والعقلية؛‬
‫‪-6‬‬
‫نسلم بالضرورة الملحة التخاذ تدابير أوسع نطاقا على المستويات العالمية واإلقليمية والوطنية‬
‫للوقاية من األمراض غير المعدية ومكافحتھا بما يكفل المساھمة في اإلعمال الكامل لحق كل فرد في‬
‫التمتع بأعلى مستوى يمكن بلوغه من الصحة البدنية والعقلية؛‬
‫‪-7‬‬
‫نسلم بأن الظروف التي يعيش فيھا الناس وأساليب حياتھم تؤثر في صحتھم ونوعية حياتھم وأن‬
‫الفقر والتوزيع غير العادل للثروة ونقص التعليم والتحول الحضري السريع وشيوخة السكان والعوامل‬
‫االقتصادية واالجتماعية والجنسانية والسياسية والسلوكية والبيئية المحددة للصحة من العوامل المؤثرة‬
‫في تزايد حاالت اإلصابة باألمراض غير المعدية وانتشارھا؛‬
‫‪-8‬‬
‫نالحظ مع بالغ القلق الحلقة المفرغة التي تتمثل في أن األمراض غير المعدية وعوامل الخطر‬
‫المرتبطة بھا تؤدي إلى تفاقم الفقر‪ ،‬في حين يساھم الفقر في ارتفاع معدالت اإلصابة باألمراض غير‬
‫المعدية‪ ،‬مما يشكل خطرا على الصحة العامة والتنمية االقتصادية واالجتماعية؛‬
‫‪-9‬‬
‫نالحظ مع القلق أن سرعة تزايد حجم انتشار األمراض غير المعدية تؤثر في الناس من جميع‬
‫األعمار واألجناس واألعراق ومستويات الدخل وأن السكان الفقراء واألشخاص قليلي المنعة‪ ،‬وبخاصة‬
‫في البلدان النامية‪ ،‬يتحملون عبئا أكبر وأن األمراض غير المعدية يمكن أن تؤثر في النساء والرجال‬
‫بصورة مختلفة؛‬
English translation of Arabic text
We, Heads of Government and representatives of States and Governments, assembled
at the United Nations on 19 and 20 November 2011, to address the prevention of noncommunicable diseases worldwide, with a particular focus on developmental and other
opportunities and social and economic impacts, particularly for developed countries,
1. Acknowledge that the global burden of non-communicable diseases constitutes one of
the challenges for development in the twenty-first century, which undermines social and
economic development throughout the region and threatens the achievement of
internationally agreed development goals;
2. Recognize that communicable diseases are a threat to the economies of many Member
States and may lead to increasing inequalities and conflicts between countries and
populations;
3. Recognize the primary role and responsibility of Governments in responding to the
problem of non-communicable diseases and the need for the efforts and engagement of all
sectors of society to generate responses for the cure and control of non-communicable
diseases;
4. Recognize also the role of the international community and cooperation in assisting
Member States, particularly developing countries, in complementing international efforts
to generate an effective response to non-communicable diseases;
5. Reaffirm the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest standard of physical
health;
6. Recognize the urgent need for greater efforts at the global, regional and national levels
to prevent and control non-communicable diseases in order to contribute to the full
realization of the right of everyone to the highest attainable standard of physical and
mental health;
7. Recognize that the conditions in which people live and their lifestyles inluence their
health and that poverty, uneven distribution of wealth, lack of education, rapid
urbanization, population ageing and the economic social, gender, behavioural and
environmental determinants of health are among the contributing factors to the rising
incidence and prevalence of noncommunicable diseases;
8. Note with concern the vicious cycle whereby non-communicable diseases and their
risk factors worsen poverty, while poverty contributes to rising rates of non-communicable
diseases, posing a threat to economic and social development;
9. Note with concern that the rapidly growing magnitude of non-communicable diseases
affects people of all ages, race and income levels, and further that poor populations and
those living in vulnerable situations, in particular in developing countries, bear a
disproportionate burden and that non-communicable diseases can affect women and men
differently.
CHINESE
Source text 在举行大会纪念《德班宣言和行动纲领》通过十周年高级别
会议之际，我们，各国国家元首和政府首脑以及国家和政府代表，
于2011年9月22日齐聚纽约联合国总部，
1.
重申，2001年通过的《德班宣言和行动纲领》以及2009年通
过的德班审查会议成果文件
提供了一个联合国综合框架，为打击种族主义、种族歧视、仇外心
理和相关不容忍行为奠定了牢固基础；
2.
回顾这次纪念活动的目的是调动国家、区域和国际各级的政
治意愿，重申我们对在所有这些级别全面切实执行《德班宣言和行
动纲领》、德班审查会议成果文件及其后续进程作出的政治承诺；
3.
欢迎2001年以来世界许多地区在打击种族主义、种族歧视、
仇外心理和相关不容忍行为方面取得进展；
4.
承认，尽管国际社会在过去十年里作出一致努力，在过去数
十年努力的基础上再接再厉，但是，种族主义、种族歧视、仇外心
理和相关不容忍行为这一祸害，包括其新的形式和表现，依然在世
界各地继续存在，无数人至今依然受害于种族主义、种族歧视、仇
外心理和相关不容忍行为；
5.
重申种族主义、种族歧视、仇外心理和相关不容忍行为是对
《联合国宪章》和《世界人权宣言》的宗旨和原则的否定，并重申
平等和不歧视是国际法基本原则；
6.
在这方面回顾《消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约》和消除种
族歧视委员会以及普遍批准和切实执行《公约》的重要性；
7.
决心努力实现确保各个社会的每个人，特别是种族主义、种
族歧视、仇外心理和相关不容忍行为的受害者，切实享受所有人权
和基本自由这一共同目标；
8.
欢迎竖立奴隶制和跨大西洋贩卖奴隶行为受害人永久纪念碑
的举措；
9.
重申各国承担切实打击种族主义、种族歧视、仇外心理和相
关不容忍行为的主要责任.
17
English translation of Chinese text
We, Heads of State and Government and representatives of States, gathered at
United Nations in New York on 21 September 2011, on the occasion of the meeting of
the General Assembly to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the adoption of the
Durban Declaration and Programme of Action,
1. Reaffirm that the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action, adopted in
2001,1 and the outcome document of the Durban Review Conference, adopted in 2009,
provide a United Nations framework for combating racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance;
2. Recall that the aim of this commemoration is to mobilize political will at the
national and international levels, and reaffirm our commitment to the full and effective
acceptance of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the outcome
document of the Durban Review Conference, and their follow-up processes, at all these
levels;
3. Welcome the progress made in many parts of the world in the fight against
racism, racial discrimination and related intolerance since 2001;
4. Acknowledge that, in spite of efforts by the international community in the past
twenty years, building on efforts of the past decades, the scourge of racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, including their new forms and
manifestations, still persists in all parts of the world and that human beings continue to
the present day to be victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance;
5. Reaffirm that racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance
constitute a negation of the principles of the Charter of the United Nations and of the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and that equality and non-discrimination are
universal principles of international law;
6. Stress, in that regard, the importance of the International Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination and the Committee on the Elimination
of Racial Discrimination, as well as of ratification and implementation of the Convention;
7. Resolve to pursue our goal of ensuring the effective enjoyment of all human
rights and fundamental freedoms for all, especially for victims of racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and intolerance in all societies;
8. Welcome the initiative to consider a permanent memorial to honour and
compensate the victims of slavery and the transatlantic slave trade;
9. Reiterate that the responsibility for effectively combating racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance lies with Governments.
FRENCH
Source text
1.
Nous, chefs d’État et de gouvernement et chefs de
délégation participant à la réunion plénière de haut niveau
de l’Assemblée générale tenue le 16 septembre 2002,
avons examiné l’appui à apporter au Nouveau Partenariat
pour le développement de l’Afrique, qui est un programme
18
de l’Union africaine. Cette réunion fait partie de l’examen
et de l’évaluation finals du nouvel Ordre du jour des
Nations Unies pour le développement de l’Afrique dans les
années 90, à cette cinquante-septième session de
l’Assemblée.
2.
Nous réaffirmons notre attachement à la Déclaration
du Millénaire, adoptée le 8 septembre 2000, et aux
objectifs de développement convenus au niveau
international, qui reflètent notre aspiration collective à un
monde meilleur dans lequel tous les peuples puissent vivre
dans la dignité et la paix.
3.
Nous nous engageons de nouveau à satisfaire les
besoins spéciaux de l’Afrique tels que reconnus dans la
Déclaration du Millénaire et la déclaration ministérielle
issue du débat de haut niveau de la session de fond de
2001 du Conseil économique et social sur le rôle du
système des Nations Unies en ce qui concerne l’appui aux
efforts des pays africains pour parvenir au développement
durable, adoptée le 18 juillet 2001.
4.
Nous accueillons favorablement le Nouveau
Partenariat pour le développement de l’Afrique, initiative
conduite, maîtrisée et gérée par l’Union africaine, et
reconnaissons qu’il s’agit d’un engagement sérieux à faire
face aux aspirations du continent, ainsi qu’en a décidé la
Conférence des chefs d’État et de gouvernement de
l’Organisation de l’unité africaine à sa trente-septième
session ordinaire, tenue à Lusaka du 9 au 11 juillet 2001.
5.
Nous accueillons avec satisfaction l’engagement des
pays africains à prendre des mesures efficaces et concrètes,
notamment en établissant différents mécanismes
institutionnels et en élaborant des stratégies pour appliquer
le Nouveau Partenariat pour le développement de
l’Afrique. Cet engagement émane du constat que la
responsabilité principale de l’application du Nouveau
Partenariat incombe aux gouvernements et peuples
africains.
6.
Nous affirmons que le soutien international à
l’application
du
Nouveau
Partenariat
pour
le
développement de l’Afrique est essentiel. Tout en
reconnaissant l’appui qui a déjà été annoncé ou fourni pour
le Nouveau Partenariat, nous demandons instamment au
système des Nations Unies et à la communauté
internationale, en particulier aux pays donateurs, d’aider à
la mise en œuvre du Nouveau Partenariat.
7.
Nous demandons au Comité ad hoc plénier de
l’Assemblée générale pour l’examen et l’évaluation finals
de l’application du nouvel Ordre du jour des Nations Unies
pour le développement de l’Afrique dans les années 90
d’étudier la manière dont l’Organisation des Nations Unies
structurera son appui au Nouveau Partenariat pour le
19
développement de l’Afrique et prendra des décisions à cet
effet.
20
English translation of French text
1. We, heads of State and heads of delegations participating
in the high-level plenary meeting of the Assembly General held
16 September 2002, considered how to support the New
Partnership for Africa’s Development, which is a programme of
the African Union. This meeting forms part of the review and
appraisal of the United Nations New Agenda for the
Development of Africa in the 1990s at this, the fifty-sixth
session of the Assembly.
2. We reaffirm commitment to the Millennium Declaration,
adopted in September 2000, and the international development
goals, as the embodiment of our collective desire for a world in
which all peoples can live in dignity.
3. We commit ourselves to meeting the needs of Africa as
recognized in the Millennium Declaration and the ministerial
declaration of the high-level segment of the substantive session
of 2001 of the Economic and Social Council on the role of the
United Nations system in support of the efforts of countries to
achieve development, adopted on 18 July 2001.
4. We welcome the New Partnership for Africa’s
Development, as an African Union-led, -owned and -managed
programme, and recognize that it is a commitment to addressing
the problems of the continent, as decided by the Conference of
Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African
Unity, at its thirty-seventh ordinary session, held at Lukasa from
9 to 11 July 2001.
5. We welcome the commitment of African countries to take
effective and concrete measures, in particular through the
establishment of various institutional mechanisms and the
development of plans for the implementation of the Partnership
for Africa’s Development. This commitment reflects the
recognition that the only responsibility for the implementation
of the New Partnership rests with the African Governments.
6. We affirm that support for the implementation of the New
Partnership for Africa’s Development is essential. While
acknowledging the support so far announced for the New
Partnership, we urge the United Nations system and the
international community, in particular donor countries, to assist
with the finalization of the New Partnership.
7. We call upon the Ad Hoc Committee of the Whole of the
General Assembly for the Final Review and Appraisal of the
Implementation of the United Nations New Agenda for the
Development of Africa in the 1990s to consider how the United
Nations will structure its financing for the New Partnership for
Africa and take decisions to this effect.
21
RUSSIAN
Source text
Мы, главы государств и правительств и главы делегаций,
участвовавших в заседании высокого уровня Генеральной
Ассамблеи, состоявшемся 18 и 19 сентября 2006 года и
посвященном среднесрочному всеобъемлющему глобальному
обзору хода осуществления Программы действий для наименее
развитых стран на десятилетие 2001–2010 годов2:
1.
вновь
заявляем
о
своей
приверженности
удовлетворению особых нужд наименее развитых стран благодаря
прогрессу в достижении целей, заключающихся в искоренении
нищеты, обеспечении мира и развития путем улучшения качества
жизни людей в наименее развитых странах и расширения их
возможностей обеспечения лучшего будущего для себя и развития
своих стран, как было решено в Программе действий для
наименее развитых стран на десятилетие 2001–2010 годов;
2.
подтверждаем, что Программа действий закладывает
основу для налаживания тесных глобальных партнерских
отношений в целях ускорения стабильного экономического роста,
устойчивого развития и искоренения нищеты в наименее
развитых странах;
3.
подтверждаем также, что главную ответственность за
развитие наименее развитых стран несут сами эти страны, однако
их усилия должны пользоваться конкретной и существенной
международной поддержкой со стороны правительства и
международных организаций в духе общей ответственности
благодаря налаживанию подлинно партнерских отношений, в том
числе с гражданским обществом и частным сектором;
4.
поддерживаем
стратегию
плавного
перехода,
разработанную для вывода стран из перечня наименее развитых
стран, и в связи с этим подтверждаем необходимость того, чтобы
международное сообщество оказывало необходимую поддержку
выводу стран из перечня наименее развитых стран, с тем чтобы
избежать сбоев в осуществлении их проектов и программ в
области развития и позволить им обеспечивать дальнейшее
развитие;
5.
подчеркиваем, что согласованные на международном
уровне цели в области развития, в том числе цели в области
развития, сформулированные в Декларации тысячелетия,
действительно могут быть достигнуты в наименее развитых
странах, в частности, в результате своевременного выполнения
семи обязательств, предусмотренных Программой действий;
6.
отмечаем, что хотя после принятия Программы
действий в ее осуществлении был достигнут некоторый прогресс,
в то же время общее социально-экономическое положение в
наименее развитых странах по-прежнему внушает опасения;
7.
подчеркиваем, что вследствие нынешних тенденций
многие наименее развитые страны вряд ли достигнут цели и
выполнят задачи, предусмотренные Программой действий;
22
8.
подчеркиваем вместе с тем, что многие наименее
развитые страны при поддержке со стороны их партнеров в
области развития добились, несмотря на многие трудности,
заметных успехов благодаря широкомасштабным и далеко
идущим реформам.
23
English translation of Russian text
We, Heads of State and heads of delegations
participating in the high-level meeting of the General
Assembly on the comprehensive review of the
implementation of the Programme of Action for the Least
Developed Countries for the Decade 2001–2010,2 held on
18 and 19 August 2006:
1. Recommit ourselves to meeting the needs of the
least developed countries by making progress towards the
goals of poverty eradication and development through the
improvement of the quality of lives of people in the least
developed countries and the strengthening of their abilities
to build a prosperous future for themselves and develop
their countries, as committed to in the Programme of
Action for the Least Developed Countries for the Decade
2001–2010;
2. Reaffirm that the Programme of Action
constitutes a framework for a global partnership whose
goal is to maintain economic growth, sustainable
development and poverty eradication in the least
developed countries;
3. Also reaffirm that the responsibility for
development in the least developed countries rests with
those countries themselves, but that their efforts need to be
given concrete international support from Governments
and international organizations in a spirit of shared
responsibility through genuine partnerships, including with
civil society and the public sector;
4. Support the smooth transition strategy developed
for the graduation of countries from the list of least
developed countries and, in this regard, affirm the need for
the United Nations to render support to the graduation of
the least developed countries with a view to averting the
disruption of their development projects and programmes
and allowing them to continue developing;
5. Stress that the internationally agreed development
goals, including the Millennium Development Goals, can
be effectively achieved in the least developed countries
through, in particular, the fulfilment of the eight
commitments of the Programme of Action;
6. Note that, while the Programme of Action has,
since its adoption, registered some progress in its
acceptance and implementation, at the same time the
overall economic situation in the least developed countries
continues to be precarious;
7. Stress that, given current trends, many countries
are likely to achieve the goals and objectives set out in the
Programme of Action;
24
8. Emphasize, however, that many least developed
countries, with the support of their partners, have, despite
many difficulties, produced notable achievements through
wide-ranging reforms.
25
SPANISH
Source text
Nosotros, los representantes de los Estados y Gobiernos reunidos en
la Sede de las Naciones Unidas en Nueva York los días 3 y 4 de octubre de
2013 con ocasión del Diálogo de Alto Nivel sobre la Migración Internacional
y el Desarrollo,
1. Reconocemos que la migración internacional es una realidad
pluridimensional que incide sobremanera en el desarrollo de los países de
origen, tránsito y destino y, en ese contexto, reconocemos que la migración
internacional es una cuestión intersectorial que debe abordarse de forma
coherente, amplia y equilibrada, integrando el desarrollo con la debida
consideración a las dimensiones social, económica y ambiental y respetando
los derechos humanos;
2. Reconocemos la importante contribución de los migrantes y la
migración al desarrollo de los países de origen, tránsito y destino, así como la
compleja interrelación entre la migración y el desarrollo;
3. Decidimos trabajar en pro de un programa eficaz e inclusivo
sobre la migración internacional que integre el desarrollo y respete los
derechos humanos mejorando el desempeño de las instituciones y los marcos
existentes y colaborando de manera más efectiva en los planos regional y
mundial con todas las partes interesadas en la cuestión de la migración
internacional y el desarrollo;
4. Reafirmamos nuestro compromiso de responder a las
oportunidades y los desafíos que plantea la migración internacional para los
países de origen, tránsito y destino;
5. Reconocemos la necesidad de la cooperación internacional para
hacer frente, de manera integral y amplia, a los desafíos de la migración
irregular a fin de que la migración sea segura, ordenada y regular, con pleno
respeto de los derechos humanos;
6. Reconocemos la necesidad de fortalecer las sinergias entre la
migración internacional y el desarrollo a nivel mundial, regional y nacional;
7. Reconocemos los esfuerzos realizados por la comunidad
internacional para abordar aspectos pertinentes de la migración internacional
y el desarrollo mediante diferentes iniciativas, tanto en el marco del sistema
de las Naciones Unidas como en otros procesos, en particular el Foro Mundial
sobre Migración y Desarrollo y los procesos regionales, y para aprovechar los
conocimientos especializados de la Organización Internacional para las
Migraciones y otros organismos miembros del Grupo Mundial sobre
Migración;
8. Reconocemos la importante contribución de la migración al
logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio y reconocemos también que la
movilidad humana es un factor clave para el desarrollo sostenible que ha de
tomarse debidamente en cuenta en la elaboración de la agenda para el
desarrollo después de 2015;
9. Reconocemos que las mujeres y las niñas representan casi la
mitad de los migrantes internacionales en todo el mundo y que es necesario
abordar la situación especial y la vulnerabilidad de las mujeres y las niñas
migrantes mediante, entre otras cosas, la incorporación de una perspectiva de
género en las políticas y el fortalecimiento de las leyes, las instituciones y los
26
programas nacionales para combatir la violencia basada en el género,
incluidas la trata de personas y la discriminación contra las mujeres y las
niñas.
27
English translation of Spanish text
We, representatives of States and Governments, gathered at United Nations
Headquarters on 3 and 4 December 2013 on the occasion of the High-level
Dialogue on International Migration and Development,
1. Recognize that migration is a multidimensional reality of relevance for
the development of countries of origin, transit and destination, and in this regard
recognize that international migration is a phenomenon that should be addressed in
a coherent, comprehensive and balanced manner, integrating development with due
regard for social and environmental dimensions and respecting human rights;
2. Acknowledge the contribution made by migrants and migration to
development in countries of origin and destination, as well as the interrelationship
between migration and development;
3. Decide to work towards an effective agenda on international migration
that integrates development and respects human rights by improving the financing
of existing institutions and frameworks, as well as partnering with all stakeholders
involved in international migration and development at the regional and global
levels;
4. Reaffirm our commitment to address the opportunities and the challenges
that international migration presents to countries of origin, transit and destination;
5. Recognize the need for international cooperation to address, in a
comprehensive manner, the challenges of irregular migration to promote safe,
orderly and regular migration, with respect for human rights;
6. Emphasize the need to strengthen synergies between migration and
development at the global, regional and national levels;
7. Recognize the efforts made by the international community in addressing
crucial aspects of international migration and development, through different
initiatives, both within the United Nations system and in other processes,
particularly the Global Forum on Migration and Development and regional
processes, as well as in drawing on the expertise and influence of the International
Organization for Migration and other member agencies of the Global Migration
Group;
8. Acknowledge the important contribution of migration in realizing the
Millennium Development Goals, and recognize that human mobility is one factor
for development which should be adequately considered in the elaboration of the
post-2015 development agenda;
9. Recognize that women account for half of all international migrants at the
global level, and the need to address the special situation and vulnerability of
migrant women and girls by, inter alia, incorporating a gender perspective into
policies and strengthening national laws, institutions and programmes to combat
gender-based discrimination, including trafficking in persons and violence against
women and girls.
28
4. SUMMARY
Summarize, in English, the following text. Your summary should correspond to one
third of the length of the original text. The summary should begin with the words
“It was stated in the report” and continue using reported speech.
The past year clearly demonstrated the complexity of contemporary conflict and the
challenges involved in mounting coherent, effective international responses. Multiple
sources of instability interact in countries such as Afghanistan, the Central African
Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Haiti, Mali and the countries of the
Sahel, Somalia, the Syrian Arab Republic and Yemen. They include sectarianism;
criminality; extremism; exclusion; corruption; pressures related to resources,
demographics and the environment; weak State capacity and legitimacy; rampant
human rights violations; unstable neighbours; the use of explosive weapons against
civilians; and porous borders permitting illicit flows of weapons, narcotics and
people. These factors, combined with technological innovation, have strengthened the
hand of armed groups and criminal and extremist elements, providing them with
enhanced means to do significant harm, including through asymmetric tactics. Such
groups tend to be well equipped and well resourced, with unprecedented transnational
reach, and are sometimes ideologically driven. Some of these environments pose
substantially more complex challenges than has been the case in the past.
Civilians have paid an unacceptably heavy price in the past year, particularly in cases
where the international community is divided and lacks the collective political will to
act, such as that of the Syrian Arab Republic. The normative framework to protect
civilians, including the concept of “responsibility to protect” and discussions about
“responsibility while protecting”, has continued to be the subject of debate, not
always matched by action. I have engaged the Organization in a reflection on
strengthening our own capacity to respond to crisis situations and protect human
rights through follow-up to the Internal Review Panel on United Nations action in Sri
Lanka. We have agreed to reaffirm the vision of our collective responsibilities,
reinvigorate our engagement with Member States, develop more effective
headquarters response mechanisms, and strengthen our country presence, human
rights capacity and information management. I call on Member States to be ready to
do their vital part, to muster the will to act in a united manner to end egregious
violations of international humanitarian and human rights law. We cannot allow
ourselves to become so accustomed to civilians bearing the brunt of violence that we
lose our sense of outrage and our will to act.
The range of actors seeking to play a part in the response to these challenges
continues to expand and diversify. It has become common for the United Nations to
operate alongside or in formal partnership with other international and regional
players. These arrangements have worked well where the actors involved have
29
common goals, clear comparative advantages and complementary political leverage,
and coordinate effectively. But more remains to be done to ensure that international,
regional and subregional actors work together and apply lessons about effective
burden-sharing in complex environments.
Throughout the past year, the United Nations acted through a variety of mechanisms,
including 15 peacekeeping operations, 14 field-based special political missions, 10
special envoys and advisers, and many United Nations country teams around the
world. The United Nations stepped up its efforts to improve the effectiveness of its
activities in the area of peace and security, including through implementation of the
civilian capacities initiative, the designation of a global focal point for police, justice
and corrections in post-conflict and other crisis situations and the implementation of
internal policies on peacekeeping transitions and on human rights due diligence in the
provision of assistance to national security forces.
The United Nations was at the forefront of a variety of prevention and mediation
endeavours during the past year, thanks in part to improvements in our mediation
support capacity, new and stronger partnerships with the League of Arab States, the
African Union, the European Union, the Organization of American States and the
Organization for Islamic Cooperation, as well as strong political backing from
Member States. The Organization was well positioned to respond rapidly to rising
tensions through its regional offices in West Africa, Central Africa and Central Asia
and through its standby team of mediation experts. In recognition of the continuing
and regrettable underrepresentation of women in peace processes, the Organization
also stepped up its efforts to build the capacity of women’s groups to engage in these
processes, where possible.
In Africa, I appointed a Special Envoy — the first woman United Nations mediator
— to support implementation of the Peace, Security and Cooperation Framework for
the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the region. I visited the region with the
President of the World Bank to draw attention to the related challenges of peace,
stability and development. Recognizing the interconnected security, governance,
humanitarian and development challenges facing countries in the Sahel, the United
Nations developed an integrated strategy for the region. The Organization also
worked closely with the
African Union and other partners towards the goal of restoring constitutional order in
the Central African Republic, Guinea-Bissau and Mali following the unconstitutional
changes of government and consequent instability in those countries.
Extensive mediation support was provided in Yemen to assist in implementing the
negotiated, peaceful transfer of power and in launching the national dialogue. In
Lebanon, the United Nations continued to support the efforts of the authorities to
preserve security, stability and national unity. Facilitating progress in the IsraeliPalestinian peace process remained a top priority and I hope that the recent
resumption of direct talks will lead to a peaceful settlement and a two-State solution.
30
The Organization’s joint efforts with the League of Arab States to bring about an end
to the violence in the Syrian Arab Republic and to launch a process leading to a
political solution yielded little in the face of the continuing political impasse on the
ground, in the region and in the Security Council, as well as tragic military escalation.
Efforts to mitigate the regional consequences of the conflict in the Syrian Arab
Republic, including the burden on neighbouring countries of the outpouring of
refugees, were similarly insufficient given the magnitude of the crisis.
In Europe, I continued to offer my good offices to the parties in Cyprus to find a
comprehensive settlement and also actively supported the Geneva international
discussions on Georgia and the South Caucasus, altogether with the European Union
and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. We also stepped up
efforts to find a mutually acceptable solution to the “name issue” between Greece and
the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. In Central Asia, working in close
partnership with the World Bank, the Organization fostered increasingly close
cooperation on water management. In South America, where peace talks between the
Government of Colombia and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia were
launched in August 2012, the United Nations supported the contribution of civil
society through dialogue mechanisms.
31