WRFDataandU+li+es KellyWerner
January2016
SupportedPost-processingPackages
hcp://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/docs/user_guide_V3/contents.html
Package
Users’Guide
Page#
Informa6on
NCL
9-2
Graphicalpackage
SupportedbyNCAR/CISL(wrLelp@ucar.edu
andncl-talk@ucar.edu)
ARWpost
9-29
Converter(GrADS)(wrLelp@ucar.edu)
RIP4
9-20
Converterandinterfacetographical
Package,NCARgraphics(wrLelp@ucar.edu)
UPP
9-36
Converter(GrADS&GEMPAK)
(upp-help@ucar.edu)
VAPOR
9-38
Converterandgraphicalpackage
SupportedbyVAPOR(vapor@ucar.edu)
IDV
None–see
unidata.ucar.edu
GRIB(fromUPP)
GEMPAK(fromwrf2gem)
Vis5d
CFcompliantdata(fromwrf_to_cf)
Supportedbyunidata
(support@unidata.ucar.edu)
GEMPAK
None-see:
unidata.ucar.edu/
sobware/gempak
Datafromwrf2gemorUPP
Supportedbyunidata
(support@unidata.ucar.edu)
ChoosingtheRightTool
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Canitreadyourdata?
Willyouneedtopre-processthedata
first?
•
•
Isitpurelyavisualiza+ontool,or
doesitincludepost-processing?
•
Ver+calgrids?
Canithandlebigdatasets?
•
Howaremodel+mestamps
handled?
Whichdiagnos+c/sta+s+calfunc+ons
doesithave?
•
Easytouse?
Howeasyisittoadddiagnos+cs?
•
Costofpackage?
3Dor2Dvisualiza+on?
•
Howwellsupportedisit?
Canithandlestaggeredgrids?
Howisdatabelowtheground
handled?
DataHandling
NCL
netCDF
GRIB
ASCII
shapefiles
geogrid &
metgrid output
intermediate file
format
wrfinput data
Idealized data
wrfoutput
big data
V6.2.0
V6.3.0
RIP4
GrADS
UPP
VAPOR
IDV
ripdp
ARWpost
converter
converter
converter
Post-processing
NCL
RIP4
GrADS
UPP
VAPOR
IDV
diagnostics
some
alot
some
some
limited
limited
Add diagnostics
Veryeasy
easy
easy
Rela+vely
easy
Notaseasy
Notas
easy
Vertical output
Coordinate
Model
pressure
height
Model
pressure
height
Model
pressure
height
pressure
model
model
Post-processing
Data output
3D
Extrapolate
Below ground
ModelStaggering
WhyisaconverternecessaryifapackagecandisplaynetCDFfiles?
WRF
staggered
grid
Converterco-locatesdatatomasspoints
ARWpost:GeneralInforma+on
•
Converter
–  Readsinwrf-arwmodeldata,creates
GrADSoutputfiles
–  RequiresGrADStodisplay
•
•
GrADSsobwareisonlyneededto
displaydata,notneededtocompile
thecode
–  hcp://www.iges.org/grads/grads.html
Generateanumberofgraphicalplots
–
–
–
–
–
Horizonal
Cross-sec+on
skewT
Meteogram
Panel
•
DownloadCode
–  hcp://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/
users/download/get_sources.html
•
OnlineTutorial
–  hcp://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/
users/graphics/ARWpost/ARWpost.htm
ARWpost:ExamplePlots
SurfaceTemp
Vegeta+onFrac+on
Skew-TDiagram
TotalPrecipita+on
ARWpost:ExampleFunc+ons
Cross-Sec6ons
Zooming
ARWpost:Diagnos+cs
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
cape–3dcape
cin–3dcin
mcape–maximumcape
mcin–minimumcin
clfr–low/middle/highcloudfrac+on
dbz–3dreflec+vity
max_dbz–maximumreflec+vity
geopt–geopoten+al
height–modelheightinkm
lcl–libingcondensa+onlevel
lfc–leveloffreeconvec+on
pressure–fullmodelpressureinhPa
rh–rela+vehumididy
rh2–2mrela+vehumidity
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
theta–poten+altemperature
tc–temperatureindegreesC
tk–temperatureindegreesK
td–dewpointtemperatureindegreesC
td2–2mdewpointtemperaturein
degreesC
slp–sealevelpressure
umet&vmet–windsrotatedtoEarth
coordinates
u10m&v10m–10mwindsrotatedto
Earthcoordinates
wdir–winddirec+on
wspd–windspeedcoordinates
wd10–10mwinddirec+on
ws10–10mwindspeed
ARWpost:Scripts
ScriptName
Descrip6on
cbar.gs
Plotsacolorbaronshaded
plots
rgbset.gs
Allowsyoutoadd/change
colorsfromcolor#20–99
skew.gs
ProgramtoplotaskewT
plot_all.gs
Automa+callyfindsall.ctlfiles
inthedirectoryandliststhem
sotheusercanpickwhento
use,willplotallfieldschosen
rain.gs(realdataonly)
Plotstotalrainfall(musthave
datathatcontainfieldsRAINC
andRAINNC)
cross_z.gs(realdataonly)
PlotsaNSandEWcross
sec+onofRHandT(C)
RIP4:ExamplePlots
Poten+alVor+city
Poten+alTemp
Circula+onVectors
LanduseCategory
Skew-TDiagram
RIP4:ExamplePlots
CycloneTracking
Trajectories
ZoomingCapability
RIP4:ProgramFlow
INPUT
DATA
R
I
P
D
P
RIPDP
formats
one
file
per
TIME
&
VARIABLE
R
I
P
RIP4:GeneralInforma+on
•  RequiresNCARGraphicsLibraries
–  hcp://www.ncl.ucar.edu
•  SourceCode
–  hcp://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/download/
get_source.html
•  Documenta+on
–  Includedinprogram’starfile(inDoc/directory)
–  hcp://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/docs/ripug.htm
•  OnlineTutorial
–  hcp://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/graphics/RIP4/
RIP4.htm
U+li+es
•  Graphics
•  Designingamodeldomain
•  OBSGRID
•  netCDFtools
•  Data
•  MET
Graphics:ImageMagick
hcp://www.imagemagick.org
•  Convertsgraphicalfilesfromoneformattoanother
convertfile.pdf file.png
convertfile.png file.bmp
•  Manyop+onsavailable
–  Rotateframes,trimwhitespace,etc.
•  Canmakemovies
–  Cancreateindividualframesforeachimage
•  Cannotdealwith.ncgmfiles
ModelDomainDesign
mpres@mpFillColors =
(/"background","DeepSkyBlue",
"ForestGreen","DeepSkyBlue",
"transparent"/)"
"
mpres@mpGridSpacingF
= 45"
"
lnres@domLineColors
= (/
"white", "Red" , "Red" , "Blue" /)"
!
mpres@mpOutlineBoundarySets
“NoBoundaries” ; “Geophysical”
“National”
; “USStates”
“GeophysicalAndUSStates”
“AllBoundaries”
pares = True
pmres@gsMarkerColor = "White”
pmres@gsMarkerIndex = 16
pmres@gsMarkerSizeF = 0.01
gsn_polymarker(wks,mp,-77.26,38.56
,
pmres)
!
•  plotgrids.ncl
-  WPS/u3l/plotgrids.ncl
-  Readsnamelistinforma+on
togenerateplot
-X11,png,pdf
ModelDomainDesign
DOMS = 1
DX = 36.
MAP = "mercator"
LAT1 = (/ -35.0, -45., -27. /)
LAT2 = (/
0., -20., -23. /)
LON1 = (/ 131., 121., 125./)
LON2 = (/ 171., 159., 131./)
parent_id = (/ 0, 1, 2 /)
parent_grid_ratio = (/ 1, 3, 3 /)
Suggested namelist options
parent_id = 0,
parent_grid_ratio = 1,
i_parent_start = 1,
j_parent_start = 1,
e_we = 123,
e_sn = 107,
dx = 36000,
dy = 36000,
map_proj = 'mercator',
ref_lat = -17.50,
ref_lon = 151.00,
truelat1 = -17.00,
truelat2 =
0.00,
stand_lon = 151.00,
design_grids.ncl
19
OBSGRID
•  Toimproveafirst-guessgriddedanalysisby
incorpora+ngaddi+onalobserva+onal
informa+on
–  Tradi+onallyfirst-guessanalysiscamefromlow-resolu+on
globalanalysisandforecastgrids
–  Thesedays,higher-resolu+on,regionalscaleanalysesare
morereadilyavailable
•  Whenisthismethoduseful?
–  Whenusingverycoarseresolu+onfirst-guessinputdata
–  Ifyouconductedafieldcampaignandhaveacquiredvery
high-resolu+onsta+ondata(forexample)
OBSGRID:BasicConcept
OBSGRID:HowtoRun
•  Getthesourcecode
hcp://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/download/
get_sources.html#u+li+es
•
•
•
•
•
Compile
Prepareobserva+onfiles
Editthenamelist
SeetheWRFUsers’Guidefordetailedinforma+on
hcp://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/docs/
Runtheprogram
user_guide_V3/users_guide_chap7.htm
Checkyouroutput
NCOTools
hcp://nco.sourceforge.net
•  ncdiff
–  Showsthedifferencesbetween2files
ncdiff input2.nc input2.nc output.nc
•  ncrcat(nccat)
–  Writesspecifiedvariables/+mestoanewfile
ncrcat –v RAINNC wrfout* RAINNC.nc
ncrcat –d Time,0,231 –v RAINNC wrfout* RAINNC.nc
•  ncra(ncaverage)
–  Averagesvariablesandwritestoanewfile
ncra –v OLR wrfout* -o OLR.nc
•  ncks(nckitchensink)
–  Combina+onofallNCOtoolsin1
–  Specificallyniceforsplisngfiles
ncks –d Time,1,1 wrfout –o wrfout1.nc
NCOTools:OtherAvailableOperators
•  ncap2:arithme+cprocessor
•  ncaDed:ATTributeeditor
•  ncbo:binaryoperator(includesncadd,ncsubtract,
ncmul+ply,ncdivide)
•  ncea:ensembleaverager
•  ncecat:ensembleconCATenator
•  ncflint:FiLeINTerpolator
•  ncpdq:permutedimensionsquickly,packdata
quietly
•  ncrename:RENAME-er
•  ncwa:weighteraverager
ncview
hcp://meteora.ucsd.edu/~pierce/ncview_home_page.html
ncview
ncBrowse
hcp://www.epic.noaa.gov/java/ncBrowse/
ncdump
•  ReadsanetCDFdatasetandprintsinforma+onfrom
thatdataset
•  ncdump –h file
–  Printsheader(inclusivelistofvariablesinthefile)
•  ncdump –v VAR file
–  Printsdataforthevariable‘VAR’
•  ncdump –v Times file
–  Printsthe+mesthatareincludedinthefile
ncdump–vTimes
netcdf wrfout_d01_2000-01-24_12:00:00 {
dimensions:
Time = UNLIMITED ; // (3 currently)
DateStrLen = 19 ;
west_east = 73 ;
south_north = 60 ;
west_east_stag = 74 ;
bottom_top = 27 ;
south_north_stag = 61 ;
bottom_top_stag = 28 ;
variables:
char Times(Time, DateStrLen) ;
float LU_INDEX(Time, south_north, west_east) ;
LU_INDEX:FieldType = 104 ;
LU_INDEX:MemoryOrder = "XY " ;
LU_INDEX:description = "LAND USE CATEGORY" ;
LU_INDEX:units = "" ;
LU_INDEX:stagger = "" ;
………
………
global attributes:
………
………
:TITLE = " OUTPUT FROM WRF V3.4.1 MODEL";
:START_DATE = "2000-01-24_12:00:00" ;
:WEST-EAST_GRID_DIMENSION = 74 ;
:SOUTH-NORTH_GRID_DIMENSION = 61 ;
:BOTTOM-TOP_GRID_DIMENSION = 28 ;
:DX = 30000.f ;
:DY = 30000.f ;
data:
Times =
"2000-01-24_12:00:00",
"2000-01-24_18:00:00",
"2000-01-25_00:00:00"
InputData:MandatoryFields
•
3DData(dataonpressurelevels,forexample)
Temperature
UandVcomponentsofwind
Geopoten+alHeight
Rela+veHumidity
•
2DData
Surfacepressure
Meansea-levelpressure
Skintemperature
2metertemperatureandrela+vehumidity
10meterUandVcomponentsofwind
•
RecommendedFields
LANDSEA
Soildata(temperatureandmoisture)andsoilheight
SST(requiredforclimateruns)
Waterequivalentsnowdepth
SEAICE
ExternalDataSources:Global
Name
Resolu6on
Coverage
NCEP/NCAR
Reanalysis
2.5°
Global
Jan1948–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds090.0
NCEP/DOE
Reanalysis
2.5°
Global
Jan1979–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds091.0
ERAInterimData
0.7°
Global
Jan1979–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds627.0
Jan2011–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds113.0
July2015–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds083.3
ECMWF’s
Opera+onalModel
Analysis
NCEPGDAS/FNL
Reanalysis
HighestResolu+on
oftheDAand
forecastsystem
Temporal
Availability
Website
0.25°
Global
GFSReal-+me
1°
Global
NCEPGFS/FNL
Reanalysis
1°
Global
Aug1999–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds083.2
GFSGriddedModel
Data
0.5°
Global
Dec2002–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds335.0
NCEPGFS0.25°
0.25°
Global
Jan2015–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds084.1
hcp://
www.emc.ncep.noaa
.gov
ExternalDataSources:NorthAmerica
Name
Resolu6on
Coverage
32/12km
NorthAmerica
NAMAnalysis
12km
NorthAmerica
Jan2012–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds609.0
GCIPNCEPEta
40km
NorthAmerica
April1995–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds609.2
NCEPNARR
32km
NorthAmerica
Nov1979–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds608.0
NAMReal-+me
Temporal
Availability
Website
hcp://
www.emc.ncep.noaa
.gov
ExternalDataSources:Climate
Name
Resolu6on
Coverage
Temporal
Availability
Website
38km
Global
Jan1979–Dec2010
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds093.0
0.2°
Global
Jan2011–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds094.0
NCARCESMCMIP5
data(netCDFformat)
Global
Jan1950–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds316.0
NCARCESMCMIP5
data(IM–Bias
Corrected)
Global
Jan1951–present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds316.1
NCEPClimate
ForecastSystem
Reanalysis(CFSR)
NCEPClimate
ForecastSystem
ReanalysisII(CFSR2)
SSTDATA
NCEPSSTAnalysis
1°-1/12°
Global
NOMAD3SST
1°-0.25°
Global
Jan1854–present
(dependingwhich
product)
hcp://
nomads.ncdc.noaa.g
ov/data.php
1°
Global
Jan1854-present
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/
datasets/ds277.0
NCEP&NCDC
ReconstructedSST
hcp://
polar.ncep.noaa.gov
/sst
ExternalDataSources:NOMADS
hcp://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov
NAM
GFS
RUC
CFS
NARR
R1/R2
SST
GRIBDataHandling
•  Documentsanddecoders
–  GRIB1andGRIB2
wgrib,wgrib2,unpackgrib2.c,grib2to1.c
hcp://rda.ucar.edu/#!GRIB •  g1print.exeandg2print.exe
–  ShowdataavailableinGRIB1andGRIB2files
–  Availablefromu+l/directoryinWPS
•  grib2ctl.pl
–  Create.ctland.idxfiles,sothatyoucanplotGRIBfileswithGrADS
–  hcp://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/wesley/grib2ctl.html •  ncl_convert2nc
hcp://www.ncl.ucar.edu/Document/Tools/ncl_convert2nc.shtml
Wri+ngIntermediateFileFormat
•  hcp://www2.ucar.edu/wrf/users/docs/user_guide_V3/
users_guide_chap3.htm#_Wri+ng_Meteorological_Data
•  wrf_wps_write_int
FIELD=“SST”
UNITS=“K”
DESC=“SeaSurfaceTemperature”
opt=True
opt@map_source
=“ERA-IData”
opt@projec+on =0
opt@startloc
=“SWCORNER” opt@startlon
=0.0
opt@startlat
=-90.0
opt@deltalon =1.25
opt@deltalat
=0.942408
opt@is_wind_earth_rela+ve =False
opt@date =“2015-07-26_00:00:00”
opt@level =200100.
wrf_wps_wr+e_int(IM_name,FIELD,UNITS,DESC,VAR(:,:),opt)
ReadingIntermediateFormatFiles
•  wrf_wps_read_int
!opensfile
istatus=wrf_wps_open_int(filename)
!readsheader
wrf_wps_rdhead_int(istatus,head_real,field,h
date,\
units,map_source,desc)
!readsslab
Slab=wrf_wps_rddata_int(istatus,nx,ny)
!Loopun3lreachingtheendofthefile
•  rd_intermediate
===========================================
FIELD = TT
UNITS = K DESCRIPTION = TEMPERATURE
DATE = 2000-01-24_12:00:00 FCST = 0.000000
SOURCE = unknown model from NCEP GRID 212
LEVEL = 200100.000000
I,J DIMS = 185, 129
IPROJ = 1
REF_X, REF_Y = 1.000000, 1.000000
REF_LAT, REF_LON = 12.190000, -133.459000
DX, DY = 40.635250, 40.635250
TRUELAT1 = 25.000002
DATA(1,1) = 295.910950
===========================================
U+lity:plo|mt
•  Theplo|mtprogramplotsthefieldsintheungribintermediatefiles
ncl
plotfmt.ncl ‘filename= FNL:2007-09-15_00”
PlosngIntermediateFilesinnetCDFFormat
•  Usetheu+lityint2nc.exe
–  Convertsintermediatefilescreatedbyungrib.exetonetcdfformat
–  ./int2nc.exe
•  Toplot:ploYmt_nc.ncl
ncl
plotfmt_nc.ncl ‘filename= FNL:2007-09-15_00”
PlotUsingncview
PlotUsingplo|mt_nc.ncl
SpecialWRFOutputVariables
•  TheWRFmodeloutputsthestatevariablesdefinedintheRegistryfile,
andthesestatevariablesareusedinthemodel’sprognos+cequa+ons.
Someofthesevariablesareperturba+onfieldsandtherefore,the
followingdefini+onsforreconstruc+ngmeteorologicalvariablesare
necessary:
Totalgeopoten+al
PH+PHB
Totalgeopoten+alheightinm
(PH+PHB)/9.81
Totalpoten+altempinK
T+300
Totalpressureinmb
(P+PB)*0.01
Windcomponents,gridrela+ve
U,V
SurfacepressureinPa
Psfc
Surfacewinds,gridrela+ve
U10,V10(validatmasspoints)
Surfacetempandmixingra+o
T2,Q2
SeeWRFV3/Registry/Registry.EM_COMMONfordescrip+onofvariables
METVerifica+onSobware
•  ModelEvalua+onTools(MET)
•  Providesallthebasics(e.g.,RMSE,bias,skillscores)
•  Provides
–  Advancedspa+almethods(wavelets,objects)
–  Confidenceintervals
•  Downloadit
hcp://www.dtcenter.org/met/users/downloads/
•  Support
met_help@ucar.edu
•  Documenta+on
hcp://www.dtcenter.org/met/users/docs/overview.php
Ques+ons?