COURSE OUTLINE
Course Number
RAD216
Course Title
Advanced Imaging Modalities
Lecture Hours
3
Prerequisites:
RAD205
Laboratory
Hours
0
Co-Requisites:
RAD227
Credits
3
Catalog Description (2011-2013):
U
U
Presents the principles of fluoroscopy and tomography, with an overview of
special radiographic procedures and advanced imaging techniques including
computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. (Fall offering)
Required Texts/Other Materials:
U
U
Title:
Author:
Publisher:
Edition:
Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related
Anatomy
K. Bontrager
Mosby
7th
Title:
Author:
Publisher:
Edition:
Radiologic Science for Technologists
S. Bushong
Mosby
9th
Title:
Author:
Publisher:
Edition:
Fundamentals of Special Radiographic Procedures
A.M. Snopek
Saunders
5th
Recommended Texts:
Title:
Author:
Publisher:
Edition:
Essentials of Radiographic Physics & Imaging
J. Johnston
Elsevier
1st
Title:
Author:
Publisher:
Edition:
Principles of Radiographic Imaging
R. Carlton; A. Adler
Delmar
5th
Revision Date
U
Summer 2012
U
Course Coordinator:
U
U
William Petrosky
Voice: 609.570.3341; E-mail: petroskw@mccc.edu
HU
UH
2
Course Competencies/Goals:
U
U
At the completion of the course, the student should be able to:
1.
Identify the various kinds of equipment used during specialized
radiologic procedures.
2.
Describe the functions and principles of operation of advanced
imaging systems, including image intensification, conventional
tomography and computer-enhanced imaging.
3.
Identify the various kinds of advanced imaging modalities found in
medical imaging.
4.
Explain the function and principles of operation of at least four
advanced imaging modalities.
5.
Identify specialized procedures involving the use of contrast media.
6.
Identify the contrast media used during specialized procedures,
including indications and contraindications.
7.
Explain the technical and positioning considerations in performing the
specialized radiographic procedures.
8.
Demonstrate knowledge of sterile technique employed during special
radiographic procedures.
9.
Identify the anatomy demonstrated in radiographs and other images
obtained during special radiographic procedures.
10. Identify major elements of human circulatory anatomy on
radiographs and other imaging media.
Course-specific General Education Goals and Core Skills:
U
U
General Education Knowledge Goals:
•
Goal 1. Communication. Students will communicate effectively in both
speech and writing.
•
Goal 2. Mathematics. Students will use appropriate mathematical and
statistical concepts and operations to interpret data and to solve problems.
•
Goal 3. Science. Students will use the scientific method of inquiry, through
the acquisition of scientific knowledge.
3
•
Goal 4. Technology. Students will use computer systems or other
appropriate forms of technology to achieve educational and personal goals.
•
Goal 5. History. Students will understand historical events and movements
in World, Western, non-Western or American societies and assess their
subsequent significance
•
Goal 6. Ethical Reasoning and Action. Students will understand ethical
issues and situations.
MCCC Core Skills
•
Goal A. Written and Oral Communication in English. Students will
communicate effectively in speech and writing, and demonstrate proficiency
in reading.
•
Goal B. Critical Thinking and Problem-solving. Students will use critical
thinking and problem solving skills in analyzing information.
•
Goal C. Ethical Decision-Making. Students will recognize, analyze and
assess ethical issues and situations.
•
Goal D. Information Literacy. Students will recognize when information is
needed and have the knowledge and skills to locate, evaluate, and effectively
use information for college level work.
•
Goal E. Computer Literacy. Students will use computers to access, analyze
or present information, solve problems, and communicate with others.
•
Goal F. Collaboration and Cooperation. Students will develop the
interpersonal skills required for effective performance in group situations.
•
Goal G. Intra-Cultural and Inter-Cultural Responsibility. Students will
demonstrate an awareness of the responsibilities of intelligent citizenship in a
diverse and pluralistic society, and will demonstrate cultural, global, and
environmental awareness.
Units of Study in Detail:
U
U
Upon completion of this lecture course and clinical observation course, the
student will be able to:
•
•
•
•
•
Adapt to changes and varying clinical situations. (Goal B)
Describe the role of health care team members in responding/reacting to a
local or national emergency.
Integrate the use of appropriate and effective written, oral and nonverbal
communication with patients, the public and members of the health care team
in the clinical setting. (Goal 1, Goal A)
Integrate appropriate personal and professional values into clinical practice.
(Goal 6, Goal C)
Recognize the influence of professional values on patient care. (Goal 6, Goal
C)
4
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Adapt procedures to meet age-specific, disease-specific and cultural needs of
patients. (Goal 6, Goal C)
Assess the patient and record clinical history.
Apply standard and transmission-based precautions.
Apply the appropriate medical asepsis and sterile technique.
Demonstrate competency in the principles of radiation protection standards.
Apply the principles of total quality management.
Report equipment malfunctions.
Examine procedure orders for accuracy and make corrective actions when
applicable.
Demonstrate safe, ethical and legal practices.
Integrate the radiographer’s practice standards into clinical practice setting.
(Goal 6, Goal C)
Comply with departmental and institutional response to emergencies,
disasters and accidents.
Differentiate between emergency and non-emergency procedures.
Adhere to national, institutional and departmental standards, policies and
procedures regarding care of patients, providing radiologic procedures and
reducing medical errors.
Critique images for appropriate anatomy, image quality and patient
identification. (Goal 4, Goals B & E)
Determine corrective measures to improve inadequate images. (Goal B)
Topical Outline:
U
U
The general plan for the fifteen-week semester course identifies the topics to
be covered:
Week #
1
U
Topic
Introduction/Sterile Asepsis/Arthrography
U
2
Myelography & Sialography
3
Hysterosalpingography & ERCP
4
Mammography, Parts I & II
5
Mammography, Part III
6
Midterm Examination
7
Image Instensification & TV Imaging Systems
8
Recording Media & Equipment
9
Computer Concepts & Digital Imaging
10
Photographic & Digital Subtraction Techniques
11
Introduction to Crossectional Anatomy
5
12
Introduction to Computed Tomography
13
Introduction to Magnetic Resonance Imaging
14
Overview of Vascular Special Procedures
15
Selected Vascular & Non-Vascular Procedures
16
Final Examination
Tentative Lecture Schedule:
U
U
Tuesdays: 9:00 to 11:50 A.M.
Week
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Topic
Overview of Objectives
OR Orientation
Arthrography
Test #1: Arthrography
Myelography
Sialography
Test #2: Myelography & Sialogaphy
Hysterosalpingography
ERCP
Test #3: HSG & ERCP
Mammography
Mammography, part 2
Mammography, part 3
Bone Densitometry
Review for Midterm Exam
Midterm Exam (including
Mammography and Bone
Densitometry)
Review Midterm Exam Results
Image Intensification
TV Imaging Systems Basic
Tomographic Concepts
Test #4: Image
Intensification/Vidicon Tubes
Non-Film Recording Media
Test #5: Basic Tomography &
Recording Media
Computer Concepts
Digital Radiography
Reading Assignment
Snopek pp 424-434
Bontrager pp 217-218; 750754
Snopek pp 394-412
Bontrager pp 761-765
Snopek pp 414-422
Bontrager pp 766-768
Snopek pp 381-393
Bontrager p 758-760
Bontrager p 756
Bontrager pp 563-580
Carlton Ch 38
Bushong Ch 19
On-line Handouts
Bontrager pp 581-587
Carlton Ch 39
Carlton Ch 36 (Fluoro);
Bushong Ch 21 (Fluoro)
Johnston Ch 14 (Fluoro)
Carlton Ch 37 (Tomog);
Bushong 265-270 (Tomog);
Bontrager pp 773-776
(Tomog)
Carlton Ch 37
Bushong Ch 25
Bushong Ch 24
Bushong Ch 26
6
10
11
12
13*
Test #6: Digital Imaging/Computer
Concepts
Photographic and Digital Subtraction
Introduction to Crossectional Anatomy
Test #7: Subtraction Techniques
(Photog. & Digital)
Computed Tomography
Test #8: Computed Tomography
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, parts 1
and 2
Test #9: Magnetic Resonance
Imaging
(Take-Home)
No Class
Bushong pp 443-447
Bontrager pp 696-697;
Bontrager pp 728-742
Snopek pp 145-164
Carlton Ch. 41
Bontrager pp 723-728
Bushong Ch 23
Snopek Ch 9
Bontrager pp 789-802
Carlton Ch. 42
14
Catheterization Lab Personnel,
Equipment and General Procedures
Snopek Chapters 3 and 4
15
Catheterization Methods & Selected
Vascular and Non-Vascular Procedures
Snopek Ch 17
Bontrager pp 698-710
*Tuesday follows Thursday schedule
Advanced Imaging Modalities Essay
4B
Students taking RAD 216 will have an opportunity to observe two advanced
imaging modalities of their choice during the fall semester at Princeton
Radiology Associates, P.A. Each observation will be for one day (8:00 a.m.
to 4:00 p.m.) unless otherwise instructed.
In order to make each visit meaningful, students are expected to meet
certain objectives. Accordingly, designated clinical supervisors will evaluate
each student at the conclusion of each observation. A clinical evaluation
form is utilized for this purpose. It is the student’s responsibility to return
each completed evaluation form to the course instructor in order to verify
attendance at the clinical facility. Failure to return each completed
evaluation form will result in a reduction in the clinical attendance grade.
This could adversely impact that student’s RAD 228 clinical grade.
Dosimeters are to be worn at the Princeton Radiology Associates
office visited. The supervisors are instructed to turn away any student who
is not wearing a dosimeter, even if the assignment is in diagnostic medical
sonography or magnetic resonance imaging.
7
It is suggested that students prepare for each observation by reading
literature related to the modality. No student is expected to become an
overnight expert, but it will hurt to know a few things in advance. With
adequate preparation, students will be able to ask relevant questions and
enhance their understanding of what is observed.
As a capstone of the observation experience, each student shall prepare a
four to five-page essay, not including title page. Note: students should
begin their essays soon after completing the observation of their
choice. The deadline for submission is 4 weeks following the last
clinical observation (see PRA rotation list). Those whose writing
ability is weak should seek immediate assistance from the Learning
Center
(http://www.mccc.edu/student_services_learncenter_ww_writing.s
html) on the second floor of the Library Building. The essay should
contain the following elements:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
A brief introduction to your observation
The type of modality observed
General principles of operation
The kinds of procedures performed
Contraindications if any
Safety considerations for patient and staff
A detailed description of an observed procedure
Education and training needed to work in the modality
Why you would (would not) pursue the modality as a career
A brief conclusion
A grading rubric will be distributed in order to guide the satisfactory
completion of the essay and will be the basis for grading the assignment.
The essay must be typewritten and double-spaced using 12-point “Courier”
font. The grade for the essay will be determined on the basis of satisfying
the written criteria which shall be distributed on the first day of class.
8
Evaluation of Student Learning:
U
U
A grade of “C” (75%) or higher must be achieved in the course in order to
continue taking radiography courses the next semester. There will be a
minimum of five tests, one midterm examination and a final examination. A
term project involving an advanced modality is also required.
The course instructor will provide details of testing formats, test dates and
term project deadlines. The grading is as follows:
Tests
Midterm Examination
Final Examination
Written Report (essay)
NOTE:
20%
30%
30%
20%
Students will be assigned to Princeton Radiology Associates to
observe a number of advanced imaging modalities. Attendance
on the assigned days is mandatory. Failure to fulfill the
observations will be reflected in the student’s clinical
attendance evaluation in RAD 228.
Clinical Education Policies:
U
U
The student should refer to the clinical education handbook for the pertinent
policies regarding attendance, punctuality, the clinical competency process,
etc.
Attendance Policy:
U
U
1. Students are expected to be in attendance at the scheduled start time of
all class and laboratory sessions; late arrival is disruptive to the class and
instructor. Attendance will be taken for all lecture and lab sessions. The
following grading system will be recorded for late arrival and absences:
A. Lecture:
1. Three points will be deducted from the final lecture grade for each
late arrival to a scheduled lecture.
2. Five points will be deducted from the final lecture grade for each
absence from a scheduled lecture.
B. Laboratory (not applicable to this course):
1. Three points will be deducted from the final lab grade for each late
arrival to a scheduled laboratory.
2. A total of five (5) points will be deducted from the final laboratory
grade for each lab test not taken on schedule. (Refer to item # 3-4
below)
9
2. Cell phones must be turned off upon entering the classroom. Receiving
phone calls in tone or vibration mode are distracting to other students.
Calls may not be made on personal cell phones during class time.
Students may not charge their personal cell phone in the radiography
classroom MS 314.
3. All students are required to attend every lab session. Students must be
present for the entire period actively engaged in radiographic positioning,
assisting classmates, and image evaluation. In case of emergency or
illness, exceptions may be made if the student contacts the course
instructor prior to the lab session. If the instructor is not available, a
message must be transmitted by e-mail or voice mail before the lab
session begins. A valid, documented excuse (i.e. doctor’s note, vehicular
repair) must be presented the next class session. It will be the instructor’s
prerogative to decide whether or not the excuse is valid. If deemed valid,
a make-up session would be conducted in the college lab according to a
schedule arranged by the instructor. Students may not lab test until the
lab session has been completed. If a student misses more than one lab
session clinical education progression may be jeopardized, leading to
course failure.
4. Students who miss a laboratory test will be rescheduled according to a
schedule arranged by the instructor. Students may not progress with the
clinical competency process on the missed lab procedure; this may
jeopardize completion of clinical education requirements. A total of five
(5) points will be deducted from the final laboratory grade for each lab
test not taken on schedule.
5. Make-up written exams are not permitted. Students must contact the
instructor directly, leave a voice or e-mail message prior to the time of
the scheduled exam. Students who miss an examination must provide a
valid, documented excuse i.e. doctors note, vehicular repair by the next
class session. If determined valid by the instructor, the comprehensive
mid-term and/or final exam will be calculated with an additional weight
equal to the missed examination. This will serve as verification of
material comprehension covered on the missed examination.
10
Princeton Radiology Associates Clinical Observation Schedule
Student
Arold, Marianna
Boncheck, Rachelle
Bhalla, Bindu
Meehan, Melinda
Ryan Ross
Bhalla, Bindu
Garofalo, Barbara
Boncheck, Rachelle
Arold, Marianna
Savino, Sheri
Macknin, Alan
McCleish, Maureen
Garofalo, Barbara
Barone, Michele
Cherry, Jacob
Meehan, Melinda
Tereschuk, Jaroslava
Macknin, Alan
Gonzalez, Pedro
Sokoloski, Amy
Ryan Ross
Tomsho, Corrine
McCleish, Maureen
Vagnozzi, Gary
Yuen,Matthew
Zielinska, Marta
Savino, Sheri
Barone, Michele
Cherry, Jacob
Tereshuk, Jaroslava
Gonzalez, Pedro
Sokoloski, Amy
Tomsho, Corrine
Vagnozzi, Gary
Nakalema, Sophie
Yuen, Matthew
Zielinska, Marta
Nakalema, Sophie
Zelinska, Marta
Arold, Marianna
Bhalla, Bindu
Boncheck, Rachelle
Garofalo, Barbara
Macknin, Alan
Meehan, Melinda
Barone, Michele
McCleish, Maureen
Ross, Ryan
Modality
MR
MR
NM
US
US
MR
MR
NM
US
US
MR
MR
NM
US
US
MR
MR
NM
US
US
MR
MR
NM
US
MR
MR
NM
MR
MR
NM
MR
MR
NM
MR
MR
NM
NM
NM
Date
9/5/12
9/5/12
9/5/12
9/5/12
9/5/12
9/7/12
9/7/12
9/7/12
9/7/12
9/7/12
9/12/12
9/12/12
9/12/12
9/12/12
9/12/12
9/14/12
9/14/12
9/14/12
9/14/12
9/14/12
9/19/12
9/19/12
9/19/12
9/19/12
9/21/12
9/21/12
9/21/12
9/26/12
9/26/12
9/26/12
9/28/12
9/28/12
9/28/12
10/3/12
10/3/12
10/3/12
10/5/12
10/10/12
Day
W
W
W
W
W
F
F
F
F
F
W
W
W
W
W
F
F
F
F
F
W
W
W
W
F
F
F
W
W
W
F
F
F
W
W
W
F
W
Location
Essay Due
J
P
J
J
P
J
P
J
J
P
J
P
J
J
P
J
P
J
J
P
J
P
J
J
J
P
J
J
P
J
J
P
J
J
P
J
J
J
10/6/12
10/9/12
10/9/12
10/9/12
10/16/12
10/16/12
10/16/12
10/23/12
10/23/12
10/23/12
11
Savino, Sheri
Cherry, Jacob
Gonzalez, Pedro
Sokoloski, Amy
Tereshuk, Jaroslava
Tomsho, Corrine
Nakalema, Sophie
Vagnozzi, Gary
Yuen, Matthew
Nakalema, Sophie
10/23/12
10/30/12
10/30/12
10/30/12
10/30/12
10/30/12
11/6/12
11/6/12
11/6/12
11/13/12
Location: P=Princeton Office; J=Jamesburg (Forsgate) Office
12
13
U
14
Academic Integrity Policy Statement:
U
Mercer County Community College is committed to Academic Integrity -- the
honest, fair and continuing pursuit of knowledge, free from fraud or
deception. Academic Integrity is violated whenever a student:
A. Uses or obtains unauthorized assistance in any academic work.
B. Gives fraudulent assistance to another student.
C. Knowingly represents the work of others as his/her own, or represents
previously completed academic work as current.
D. Fabricates data in support of an academic assignment.
E. Inappropriately or unethically uses technological means to gain
academic advantage.
In all cases, the instructor shall notify the Chair of the Academic Integrity
Committee of the violation. Students should refer to the MCCC Student
Handbook for the complete policy and the Radiography Clinical Education
Student Handbook for additional information regarding reporting of sanctions
to the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists.
15