Art 258: Ancient and Medieval Art
Spring 2015: MWF 8:00 – 8:50 SHW-011 Sched#20188
Dr. Woods: Office: Art 559; e-mail: acwoods@ucsd.edu
Office Hours: Monday 7:00-7:50 am; Friday 10 – 10:50
Text: F. Kleiner, C. Mamiya, Gardner’s Art Through the Ages: The Western Perspective, vol. I, 14th edition
(2014) is at the bookstore, or an ebook version is available at: www.ichapters.com Several older editions are on
two hour course reserve in the library: call number N5300.G25. Older editions are fine to use, just make certain that
you have volume one, or a complete version that covers ancient and medieval art.
Webpage: slides can be viewed at the following site: http://arthistory.sdsu.edu/index.html
user name: art258 password: NrHk8taE
Warning: the webpage is out of date, and includes monuments not on the syllabus, which will not be covered in class
or on exams. You are only responsible for monuments listed on the syllabus.
Course Requirements: Class attendance and reading the textbook are required. There will be three quizzes, two
midterms, a non-cumulative final and a brief paper.
Grading is based on the following: three quizzes 5% each; paper 10%; two midterms 25% each; final 25%.
Tests consist of multiple choice questions based on representatitve works of art, testing the following skills:
identification of title and period; analysis of materials and stylistic characteristics; and understanding the original
function and context of works of art within their historical period.
The paper is a detailed visual analysis of a relevant museum piece (selected by the student according to written
directions) including a comparison with a work covered in lecture.
No extra credit is offered, but improvement over the course of the semester will be taken into account.
Classroom Etiquette: Class begins promptly at 8:00. All cell phones must be turned off. Students disturbing their
neighbors will be asked to leave. If you must leave during class, please sit near an exit so as not to disturb your
fellow students.
This is an Explorations course in the Humanities and Fine Arts. Completing this course will help you to do the
following in greater depth: 1) analyze written, visual, or performed texts in the humanities and fine arts with
sensitivity to their diverse cultural contexts and historical moments; 2) describe various aesthetic and other value
systems and the ways they are communicated across time and cultures; 3) identify issues in the humanities that have
personal and global relevance; 4) demonstrate the ability to approach complex problems and ask complex questions
drawing upon knowledge of the humanities.
Student learning outcomes: Students will learn to recognize and identify all monuments on the syllabus, and to
contextualize and interpret art as the product of specific historical, political, social and economic circumstances.
Students will understand the general characteristics of each historical or stylistic period, and the differences and
similarities between cultures and periods. The paper assignment will develop students’ skills in visual analysis,
critical thinking and written communication.
Lecture Schedule:
Jan. 21
Paleolithic and Neolithic Art
Jan. 23
The Ancient Near East: Sumer, Babylonia
Jan. 26
The Ancient Near East: Assyria
Jan. 28
Egypt: Predynastic and Old Kingdom
Jan. 30
Egypt: The Old Kingdom conted.
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Feb. 2
Egypt: New Kingdom
Feb. 4
Egypt: New Kingdom conted.
Feb. 6
Minoan Art
Feb. 9
Mycenaean art
Feb. 11 Greece: Geometric Period; Archaic Sculpture
Feb. 13 Greece: Archaic Architecture , Vase Painting
Feb. 16 Early Classical Art: Sculpture
Feb. 18 Early Classical: Olympia
Feb. 20 High Classical Art
Feb. 23 MIDTERM
Feb. 25 Late Classical Period
Feb. 27
Late Classical conted. and Hellenistic Period
Mar. 2
Hellenistic Period conted.
Mar. 4
The Etruscans
Mar. 6
The Roman Republic
Mar. 9
The Roman Republic: Pompeii
Mar. 11 The Roman Empire: Augustus
Mar. 13 The Flavians
Mar. 16 Trajan
Mar. 18 Hadrian and Marcus Aurelius
Mar. 20 Late Roman Art
Mar. 23 Constantine
Mar. 25 Late Antiquity
Mar. 27 MIDTERM
Mar. 30 – Apr. 3 SPRING BREAK
Apr. 6
Late Antiquity conted.
Apr. 8
Byzantium: Early Byzantine Art
Apr. 10 Byzantium: Icons, Iconoclasm and Middle Byzantine Art
Apr. 13 Islamic Art
Apr. 15 Early Medieval Art
Apr. 17 The Carolingians and Ottonians
Apr. 20 Romanesque Art: The Age of Pilgrimages: France
Apr. 22 Romanesque Art: France conted.
Apr. 24 Romanesque Art: the Normans
Apr. 27 Romanesque Art: Italy and Germany
Apr. 29 Gothic Art: The Age of Great Cathedrals: France
May 1
Gothic Art: France, conted.
May 4
Gothic Art: France conted.
May 6
Gothic Art: Germany and Italy
May 8 FINAL EXAM: 8:00 - 10:00 am
Monuments List
Paleolithic Art:
Woman holding a bison horn, France, ca. 25,000-20,000 BCE (1-6)
Hall of the Bulls, ca. 15,000-13,000 BCE (1-1)
Neolithic Art:
Catal Hoyuk (restored view), ca. 6000- 5900 BCE (1-16A)
Terms: Material or medium; subject matter; style; function; historical context; relief; post and lintel
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Ancient Near East:
Sumer:
Ziggurat, Ur, ca. 2100 BCE (2-15)
Statues of Gudea, ca. 2100 BCE (2-16,17)
Fragment, Victory Stele of Eannatum (Stele of the Vultures), ca. 2600-2500 (2-7)
Babylonia:
Stele with law code of Hammurabi, ca.1780 BCE (2-18)
Terms: cuneiform; register; composite view; hierarchic scale
Assyria:
Reconstruction of Citadel of Sargon II, Khorsabad, ca. 720-705 BCE (2-20A)
Lamassu, Khorsabad, ca. 720-705 BCE (2-20)
Ashurnasirpal II at War, Nimrud, ca. 875-860 BCE
Assyrian archers pursuing enemies, Nimrud, ca. 875-860 (2-22)
Ashurbanipal hunting lions, Ninevey, ca. 645-40 (2-23)
Egypt
Predynastic:
Palette of King Narmer, Hierakonpolis, ca. 3000- 2920 BCE (3-1, 2)
Old Kingdom:
Great Pyramids of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, Gizeh, ca. 2500 BCE (3-7, 8, 9)
Khafre enthroned, Gizeh, ca. 2520-2494 (3-11)
Menkaure and Khamerernebty(?), Gizeh, ca. 2490-2472 (3-12)
Seated Scribe. Saqqara, ca. 2450-2350 (3-13)
Reliefs in the mastaba of Ti (Ti watching a hippopodamus hunt, Goats treading seed
and cattle fording a canal), Saqqara, ca. 2450- 2350 (3-14, 15)
Terms: Upper and Lower Egypt; hieroglyphs; Re; Horus; divine kingship
New Kingdom:
Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, Deir el-Bahri, ca. 1473-1458 (3-19)
Temple of Amen-Re, Karnak, begun 15th c. (3-24, 25, 26)
Akhenaton, Karnak, ca. 1353-1335 (3-30)
Akhenaton, Nefertiti and three daughters, Amarna, ca. 1353-35 (3-33)
Coffin and Death Mask of Tutankhamen, ca. 1323 (3-34, 35)
Throne of Tutankhamen, ca. 1333-23
Painted chest, from tomb of Tutankhamen, ca. 1333-23 (3-36)
Last Judgment of Hu-Nefer, ca. 1290-1280 (3-37)
Terms: Valley of the Kings; hypostyle hall; clerestory; Aten; sunken relief; ankh; Osiris
Prehistoric Aegean
Minoan Art:
Palace at Knossos, Crete, ca. 1700-1400 BCE (4-4, 5, 6)
Bull-leaping fresco, ca. 1450-1400 (4-8)
Snake Goddess, ca. 1600 (4-12)
Landscape with swallows (Spring fresco), Thera, ca. 1650 (4-9)
Octopus Jar, ca. 1500 (4-11)
Terms: King Minos, the Minotaur in the labyrinth; fresco
Mycenaean Art:
Citadel of Tiryns, ca. 1400-1200 BCE (4-15, 16, 18, 18A)
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Treasury of Atreus, Mycenae, ca. 1300-1250 (4-20, 21)
Funerary Mask, ca. 1600- 1500 (4-22)
Inlaid dagger blade with lion hunt, ca. 1600-1500 (4-23)
Warrior Vase, ca. 1200 (4-26)
Terms: Homer, The Iliad and The Odyssey; the Trojan War; corbeled arch; megaron
Ancient Greece
Geometric Period:
Geometric krater from Dipylon cemetery, Athens, ca. 740 BCE (5-2)
Archaic Period:
Sculpture:
Kouros, ca. 600 BCE (5-7)
Calf-Bearer (Moscophoros), ca. 560 (5-8)
Kroisos, from Anavysos, ca. 530 (5-9)
Kore from Acropolis, ca. 520-510 (5-11)
Architecture:
Greek Temple plans, Doric and Ionic Orders, pp. 109-110
West pediment, Temple of Artemis, Corfu, ca. 600-580 (5-16)
Siphnian Treasury, Delphi, ca. 530 (5-17, 18)
Caryatid figures, Gigantomachy from the north frieze
Vase Painting:
Ajax and Achilles playing a dice game, by Exekias, black-figure amphora, ca. 540-530 (5-20)
Three revelers, by Euthymides, red-figure amphora, ca. 510 (5-23)
Terms: Dorians and Ionians; Kouros (s.) Kouroi (pl.); Kore (s.) Korai (pl.); archaic smile; Doric and Ionic orders
(see Gardner p.96); Doric frieze of metopes and triglyphs; Ionic continuous frieze; Gorgon Medusa.
Early Classical Period:
Kritios Boy, ca. 480 (5-34)
Zeus (or Poseidon?), from off Cape Artemesion, ca. 460-450 (5-38)
Discobolos (Discus Thrower) by Myron, ca. 450 (Roman copy) (5-39)
Doryphoros (Spear Bearer) by Polykleitos, ca. 450-440 (Roman copy) (5-40)
East Pediment, Temple of Zeus at Olympia, ca. 470-456. Chariot race of Pelops and
Oenomaos (5-30, 31) Metopes with labors of Herakles (5-33)
Terms: Persian Wars; contrapposto; lost wax method (p.130); “Canon” of Polykleitos
High Classical Period:
Athenian Acropolis, rebuilt after Persian sack of 480 BCE (5-1, 42, 43)
Parthenon, 447-432 (5-44, 45, 46)
Sculptures supervised by Phidias 49, 50)
Pediments: Contest of Athena and Poseidon for Athens, Birth of Athena (5-48, 49)
Metopes: mythical battles, including Lapiths vs. Centaurs (5-47)
Frieze: Panathenaic Festival procession frieze (5-50)
Terms: Perikles; Athena Parthenos
Late Classical Period:
Grave Stele of Hegeso, ca. 400 (5-57)
Aphrodite of Knidos by Praxiteles, (Roman copy) ca. 350-340 (5-62)
Hermes and the infant Dionysos, Praxiteles, (copy?) ca. 340 (5-63)
Theater, Epidauros, ca. 350 (5-71)
Portraits of Alexander the Great, (5-67)
Battle of Issus, ca. 310 (5-70)
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Terms: Peloponnesian Wars 431-404 BCE; the plague; Corinthian column (p. 152)
Hellenistic Period:
Priene (restored view), 4th c. and later (5 – 76)
Gallic chieftain killing himself and his wife; Dying Gaul, by Epigonos? (Roman copies) ca. 230-220 (5-80, 81)
Nike alighting on a warship (Nike of Samothrace), ca. 190 (5-82)
Seated Boxer, ca. 100-50 BCE (5-85)
Aphrodite, Eros and Pan, ca. 100 (5-83A)
Italy
The Etruscans:
Model of typical Etruscan temple of 6th c. BCE (6-3)
Tomb of the Reliefs, Cerveteri, 3rd c. BCE (6-8)
Tomb of the Leopards, Tarquinia, ca. 480-470 BCE (6-9)
Sarcophagus with reclining couple, ca. 520 BCE (6-5)
Terms: Tuscan column; Romulus and Remus
The Roman Empire:
The Republic:
Temple of Portunus, Rome, ca. 75 BCE (7-3)
Man with portrait busts of his ancestors, late 1st c. BCE (7-7)
Head of an Old Man, mid-first century BCE (7-8)
Funerary relief with portraits of the Gessii, ca. 30 BCE (7-11)
Portrait of a Roman General, ca. 75-50 BCE (7-9)
Terms: “Verism”
Pompeii:
Forum, 2nd-1st. c. BCE (7-12)
Amphitheater, ca. 70 BCE (7-13, 14)
Typical Roman house with atrium, peristyle (7-16)
Ixion Room, House of the Vettii, Pompeii, ca. 70-79 CE (7-23)
Terms: concrete, arch, barrel vault (p.184), single point perspective
The Early Empire
Augustus:
Augustus as General, copy of bronze original of ca. 20 BCE (7-27)
Ara Pacis Augustae. 13-9 BCE
Reliefs of Tellus(?) and Procession of Imperial Family (7-29, 30, 31)
Pont-du-Gard, Nimes, ca. 16 BCE (7-33)
Terms: aqueduct
The Flavians:
Portrait of Vespasian, 75-79 CE (7-38)
Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater), Rome, 70-80 CE (7-36, 37)
Terms: groin vault
Trajan:
Forum of Trajan and Basilica Ulpia by Apollodorus of Damascus, ca. 112 CE (7-44)
Markets of Trajan, 100-112 CE (7-46, 47)
Column of Trajan, with scenes from Dacian wars, 112 CE (7-1, 45)
Terms: Dacian Wars, gallery, apse
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Hadrian:
Pantheon, Rome, 118-125 CE (7-49, 50, 51)
Model of an Insula (apartment house), Ostia, 2nd c. CE (7-54)
Funerary Reliefs of a Vegetable Vendor (7-56) and a Midwife, Ostia, 2nd c. CE
Marcus Aurelius:
Equestrian statue, ca. 175 CE (7-59)
Terms: oculus, coffers
The Late Empire:
Baths of Caracalla, 212-216 CE (7-66)
Heroic portrait of Trebonianus Gallus, 251-53 CE (7-69)
Battle of Romans and barbarians (Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus), 250-60 CE (7-70)
Portraits of the four Tetrarchs, ca. 305 CE (7-73)
Terms: Soldier Emperors; mystery religions
Constantine:
Portrait of Constantine, ca. 315-330 (7-77)
Arch of Constantine, Rome, 312-315 (7-75, 76)
Reliefs: Distribution of largesse; spolia from 2nd c. emperors
Terms: Battle of Milvian Bridge; Edict of Milan 313 CE; spolia
Late Antiquity:
The Good Shepherd, Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus, early 4th c. (8-6)
Christ as Sol Invictus, mosaic from Mausoleum of the Julii, late 3rd c. (8-13A)
Old St. Peter’s, Rome, begun ca. 319 (8-9)
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna, ca. 425 (8-15, 16)
mosaic of Christ as Good Shepherd (8-17)
Terms: transept
Sant’Apollinare Nuovo, Ravenna, dedicated 504 (8-18, 19)
Suicide of Judas and Crucifixion of Christ, ivory plaque, ca. 420 (8-24)
Woman sacrificing at an altar, one leaf of an ivory diptych, ca. 400 (8-25)
Byzantium
Early Byzantine Art:
Hagia Sophia by Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, 532-537 (9-5, 6, 7, 8)
San Vitale, Ravenna, 526-547 (9-1, 10, 11, 12,, 13, 14)
Apse mosaics: Christ between two Angels, St. Vitalis and Bishop Ecclesius:
Justinian and attendants; Theodora and attendants
Christ Pantocrator, 6th c. (encaustic)
Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between St. Theodore and St. George, 6th-7th c. (9-18)
Terms: pendentives and squinches; icon; encaustic; Iconoclasm 726-843 CE (p.269)
Middle Byzantine Art:
Virgin (Theotokos) and Child enthroned, apse mosaic, Hagia Sophia, 867 (9-19)
Katholikon, Hosios Loukas, 11th c. (9-20, 21)
Christ as Pantokrator, Daphne, Greece, ca. 1090-1100 (9-22, 23)
Islamic Art:
The Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, 687-692 (10-2, 3)
Great Mosque, Cordoba, Spain, 8th-10th c. (10-1, 9, 10, 12)
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Alhambra Palace, Granada, Spain, 1354-91 (10-19, 20)
Quran page, 9th-10th c. (10-17)
Maqsud of Kashan, carpet from funerary mosque, Iran, 1540 (10-27)
Terms: Muhammed 570-632 CE; minaret; hypostyle mosque; mihrab; calligraphy; muqarnas
Early Medieval Europe
Pair of Merovingian looped fibula, mid 6th c. (11-2)
Purse cover, from the Sutton Hoo ship burial, Suffolk England, ca. 625 (11-3)
Lindisfarne Gospels, ca. 698-721 Cross-inscribed carpet page; Saint Matthew (11-1, 7)
Book of Kells, late 8th to early 9th c.: St. John; Chi-rho-iota page (11-1, 8)
Terms: cloisonne; animal interlace; Hiberno-Saxon; scriptorium, Four Evangelists and the Gospel books (p.314)
The Carolingians:
Equestrian portrait of Charlemagne(?), early 9th c. (11-12)
Palatine Chapel of Charlemagne, 792-805 (11-17, 18)
Plan for monastery at Saint Gall, ca. 819 (11-19)
The Ottonians:
Crown of Otto I, first used in 962
Gospel Book of Otto III, ca. 1000
Otto III enthroned, with personifications bringing tribute (11-29)
Terms: cloister
Romanesque Europe:
France:
Reliquary Statue of Sainte-Foy, 10th-11th c. (12-2)
Saint-Sernin, Toulouse, ca. 1070-1120 (12-5, 6, 7)
Last Judgment, by Gislebertus, tympanum Saint-Lazare, Autun, ca. 1120 -35 (12-1),
and capital with Suicide of Judas (12-13A)
Cloister of Saint-Pierre, Moissac, ca. 1100-1115 (12-10)
Initial R with knight fighting dragons, ca. 1115-25 (12-15)
Abbey church of Notre-Dame, Fontenay, 1139-1147 (12-10A)
Terms: relics; choir; ambulatory and radiating chapels; nave arcade and gallery; compound piers; tympanum;
Cistercians; St. Bernard of Clairvaux (p.342)
The Normans:
Durham Cathedral, England, begun ca. 1093 (12-33, 34)
Bayeux Tapestry, ca. 1070-1080 (12-37. 38)
Terms: William the Conqueror; Battle of Hastings 1066; rib vaulting
Italy and Germany:
San Miniato al Monte, Florence, 1062-1090 (12-27A)
Cathedral, Baptistery and Campanile in Pisa, 1063-1272 (12-26)
Hildegard receives her visions, ca. 1150-1179 (12-23)
Gothic Europe:
France:
Chartres Cathedral, begun 1134, rebuilt after 1194 (13-1, 5, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
Royal portal, jamb statues of Old Testament kings and queens, 1145-55 (13-6, 7)
Saint Theodore, jamb statue, ca. 1230 (13-18)
Reims Cathedral, ca. 1225-1290 (13-23, 23A)
Jamb statues: Annunciation, and Visitation (13-24)
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Blanche of Castille, Louis IX, and two monks, dedication page of a moralized Bible, 1226-1234 (13-33)
Sainte-Chapelle, Paris, 1243-1248 (13-25)
Carcassonne, France, 12- 13th c. (13-28)
The Castle of Love and knights jousting, ivory jewelry casket, ca. 1330-1350 (13-38)
Hall of the Cloth Guild, Bruges, begun 1230 (13-29)
Hours of Jeanne d’Evreux, ca. 1325-28 (13-36A)
Terms: pointed arches, flying buttresses; Aristotle; stained glass; rose window; nave arcade, triforium and
clerestory; Troubadour poetry
Germany:
Ekkehard and Uta, choir of Naumburg Cathedral, ca. 1249-55 (13-48)
Equestrian Portrait (Bamberg Rider), Bamberg Cathedral, ca. 1235-1240 (13-49)
Italy:
Birth of the Virgin, Pietro Lorenzetti, 1342 (14-14)
Campo with Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, 1288-1309 (14-15)
Effects of Good Government in the City and the Country, by Ambrogio Lorenzetti, 1338-1339 (14-16, 16A, 17)
Terms: Black Death
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