Chapter 9
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Section 2: Greece and
Essential Question:
What advances did
_________ make that
still influence the world
today?
Persia
The Big Idea:
The two most powerful city-states in ____________,
___________, and __________, had very different
cultures and became bitter enemies in the 400s BC.
If you were there…You’re a great military leader and the ruler of a
great empire. You control everything in the nations you’ve conquered. One of
the advisers urges you to force conquered people to give up their customs. He
thinks they should adopt your way of life. But another adviser disagrees. Let
them keep their own ways, she says, and you’ll earn their loyalty.
Whose advise do you take? Why?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Main Ideas
 Persia became an empire under
__________ ______________.
 The Persian Empire grew stronger
under ______________________.
 The Persians fought Greece twice in the
________________________________.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Persia Becomes an Empire
The Persians up were up unorganized nomadic people. It took
the skills of leaders like Cyrus the Great and Darius I to change
the situation.
Cyrus the Great
Cyrus II won _______________________ for Persia and conquered the
Medes (MEEDZ) who ruled them for more than 150 years. His victory
marked the beginning of the _________________________. Cyrus took over
many Greek cities and then he marched to conquer Mesopotamia. Cyrus
ruled the largest empire the world had ever seen. Cyrus let his conquered
people keep their own customs. He hoped this would make them less likely to
______________________. For this reason historians called him, Cyrus the
Great.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
The Persian Army
Cyrus was successful in his conquests because his army was strong. At the heart
of his army were the immortals, 10,000 soldiers chosen for their bravery and
skill. In addition to the immortals, the army had a powerful cavalry.
A cavalry is a __________________________________________________.
Cyrus used his cavalry to charge the enemy and
shoot them with arrows. This strategy weakened
them before the immortals attacked.
Reading Check-Who created the Persian
Empire?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
The Persian Empire Grows Stronger
Cyrus's son Cambyses continued to expand the Persian empire. Cambyses
added Egypt to the Persian Empire. When he died Persia was left without a
leader for four years. A young prince name Darius I (da-RY-uhs)
__________________________________________________________________
_____________________________. Darius I improved Persian society.
Political Organization
Darius I organized the empire by dividing it into _____________________________.
He chose governors, or satraps (SAY-traps) to rule the provinces for him. The
governors collected taxes, put down rebellions, and acted as judges for the provinces.
The governors were loyal to Darius I.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Persian Society
After Darius I restored order in society, he made many improvements. For
example, he _________________________________________________________.
Messengers used these roads.
Darius I built a new capital for the empire. It was called _____________________
Darius wanted the capital to reflect the glory of his empire so he surrounded it with
great works of art.
Religion became important during Darius I. A new religion called
______________________________________ (zawr-uhWas-tree-uh-nih-zuhm)
developed in Persia. This religion taught that there was two forces fighting for control
in the universe. One force was good and the other was evil. Priests urged people to
help the good side.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Persian Expansion
Darius I wanted to expand the
size of the empire. In the east
he conquered the entire
_________ ______________. He
planned to expand westward
though Europe, but first he had
to deal with a revolt in his
empire.
Reading Check-How did Darius I change Persia’s political organization?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
The Persians Fight Greece
In 449 BC, a few Greek cities rebelled against Persian rule. The Persians put
down the revolt. Darius I became very enraged with the Greeks _____________
________________________________________________.
The Battle of Marathon
Darius I invaded Greece after nine years of rebellion. He sailed with his army to the
plains of ________________________________________.
The invasion began a series if wars between Persia and Greece that historians called
the ____________________________________________.
The Greeks won the battles because they had superior weapons and clever leaders.
Legend said that a messenger ran a marathon to Athens- a distance of over 26 milesto bring news of the great victory. After crying out “Rejoice, We conquer!” the
exhausted runner fell to the ground and died.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
The Second Invasion of Greece
Ten years after the Battle of Marathon, Darius’ son Xerxes I (ZHURK-seez) tried to
conquer Greece again. The Persian army and navy set out for Greece. The Greeks
prepared to defend their powerful city, Sparta. To slow the Persian army, the
Spartans sent 1,400 soldiers to __________________________(thur-MAH-puh-lee) a
narrow mountain pass. The Persians had to cross this pass to attack the Greek cities.
The Spartans fought until their deaths and the Greeks were victorious. The Persians
then ____________________________________________________________________.
Although the Persians won the battle in the pass, The Greeks quickly gained the
upper hand with their navy. A few days after Athens was burned down the Greeks
defeated the Persian navy. They led the large Persian navy into the narrow straits of
_____________________________ (SAH-luh-muhs). The ships were too big to
maneuver so the small Greek ships sank them.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Section 2: Sparta
Essential Question:
What advances did Greeks
make that still influence the
____________________?
and Athens
The Big Idea:
The two most powerful city-stares in Greece,
Sparta and Athens, had very different cultures
and ________________________in the 400s BC.
If you were there…Keep your father, a wandering trader, has
decided it is time to settle down. He offers the family a choice between two
cities. In one city, every one wants to be athletic, tough, and strong. The other
city is different. There, you’d be admired if you could think deeply and speak
persuasively, if you knew a lot about astronomy or history, or if you sang and
played beautiful music.
Which see the do you choose? Why?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Main Ideas
 The Spartans build a military society to provide
___________________________________________.
 The Athenians admired ________________________
__________________in addition to physical abilities.
 Sparta and Athens fought over _________________
________________________and influence in Greece.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Spartans Build a Military Society
The Spartans believed that ___________________________________________
and protection for their city. Daily life in Sparta reflected this belief.
Boys and Men in Sparta
Daily life in Sparta was dominated by the army. Even the lives of children
reflected this domination. Weak baby boys were left outside the city to die.
Healthy boys were trained from an early age to be soldiers. Boys trained by
running, swimming, and throwing javelins. They weren’t given much food but
they were allowed to steal food. The boys were taught to be tough and they
were taught self-discipline and obedience. Spartan men stayed in the army
until they turn 60 years old.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Girls and Women in Sparta
Because most men were away at war.
Spartan women had more rights than
other Greek women. Some women
_________________________________
_______________ and ran the
households when their husbands were
gone. Spartan women also received
physical training. Like the men, they
up learned how to jump, wrestle, and
throw javelins.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Government
_______________________was officially ruled by
two Kings who jointly led the army. The elected
officials actually have more power than Kings.
These officials ran Sparta’s day- to-day activities.
They also handled the dealings between Sparta in
other city-states. Sparta’s government controlled
the _____________________ (HEL-uths), or
slaves. These slaves grew all the city’s crops and
did many other jobs. Their lives were miserable,
and they could not leave their land.
Reading Check- In your opinion, what was the most important element in
Spartan society? Why?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Athenians Admire the Mind
Life in Athens was very different than life in Sparta. In addition to physical
training, the Athenians valued education, clear thinking, and the arts.
Boys and Men in Athens
Like Spartan boys, Athenian boys had to learn to run, jump, and fight. But their
training was not as harsh as Sparta. Unlike Spartan men, Athenian men only had
__________________________________ between the ages of 18-20. Older men
only served in the army in times of war.
In addition to physical training, Athenian students learned ___________________,
writing, and _______________________ (arithmetic), and playing musical
instruments. They learned about Greek history and legends. For example, they
studied the Iliad and Odyssey. Rich boys had private tutors in philosophy,
geometry, and astronomy. Poor boys just barely learned to read and write.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Girls and Women in Athens
While boys in Athens received good educations, girls didn’t. In fact, girls received
almost no education. Athenian men didn’t believe girls needed to be educated.
Most girls learned only household tasks like _____________________________
____________________________________.
Despite Athens reputation for freedom and democracy, women had fewer rights
than men. In the city-states women could not
• serve in the ___________________________________
• leave their homes, except on special occasions
• buy anything or _____________________________
• disobey their husbands or fathers.
Reading Check- Identify Cause and Effect- Why did girls in Athens receive little education?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Sparta and Athens Fight
As we learned earlier, Athens and Sparta worked together to win the
Persian Wars. The Spartans fought most of the battles on land, and the
Athenians fought at sea.
Athenian Power
After the Persian Wars ended in 480 BC, many city-states formed an alliance.
An alliance is __________________________________________________________
They wanted to punish the Persians for attacking Greece. They also agreed to help
defend each other and protect trade in the Aegean Sea. To pay for defense each citystate gave money to the alliance. The money was kept on the island of Delos. Which is
why historians called the alliance the Delian League.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
The Peloponnesian War
Sparta and Athens were not the only cities in Greece. After the Persian Wars
many cities formed an alliance for protection. This alliance was called the
Peloponnesian Alliance after the peninsula on which the cities were located.
With the growth of Athenian power the Peloponnesian alliance became
worried. Finally to stop Athens's growth, Sparta declared war.
This declaration of war began the Peloponnesian War, ____________________
___________________________________ that threatened to tear Greece apart.
In 431 BC, the Spartan army surrounded Athens and burned down their crops
hoping to force Athens to fight. They hoped to starve them out.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
With the defeat of Athens, ___________________ became the most powerful
city-state in Greece.
Reading Check- Identify Cause and Effect- What happened to Greece? After the
Peloponnesian Wars?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Section 3: Alexander the
Essential Question:
What advances did Greeks
make that still
_____________ the world
today?
Great
The Big Idea:
___________________________________built a
huge empire and helped spread Greek culture
into Egypt and Asia.
If you were there…
You are a soldier in the most powerful army
in the world. In just eight years, you and your fellow soldiers have conquered
an enormous empire. Now your general wants to push farther into unknown
lands in search or greater glory. But you’re thousands of miles from home,
and you haven’t seen your family in years.
Do you agree to go on fighting? Why or why not?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Main Ideas
 _______________________conquered Greece in the
300s BC.
 Alexander ______________________built an empire
that united much of Europe, Asia, and Egypt.
 The _________________________________formed
from Alexander’s empire blended Greek and other
cultures.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Macedonia Conquers Greece
In 359 BC _______________became the king of Macedonia. He spent the
first years of his rule fighting off invaders. Once he defeated his invaders he
targeted Greece. Then he conquered Athens and it’s chief ally
_____________. Having witnessed this defeat the Greek people agreed to
make Philip II their leader.
Philip’s Military Strength
Philip was a brilliant military leader. He used a strategy called
_______________________ (FAY-langks).
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
A phalanx _____________________________________________________.
When the soldiers in front of the square were killed by spears, others
stepped in from behind to fill their spots.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Philip gave his soldiers ________________
_______________to fight opponents. This
allowed his soldiers to attack more
effectively in any battle. Philip also sent a
________________ and archers to support
the phalanx. After conquering Greece,
Philip turned his attention to Persia. He
planned to march to Persia, but he was
murdered in 336 BC while celebrating his
daughter’s wedding. With Philip dead, his
plans were passed to this son, Alexander.
Reading Check- How was Philip II able to conquer Greece?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Alexander Builds an Empire
When Philip was murdered the people in Greek city Thebes revolted. They
thought they would never have another great leader like Philip II until they
met Alexander.
Controlling the Greeks
Although Alexander was only 20 years old, he immediately went south to
end the revolt in Thebes. Within one year Alexander destroyed ___________
_______________________________________________________________.
Alexander’s efforts to build an empire made him one of the greatest
conquerors in history. These efforts earned him the name _______________
_____________________________________.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Building a New Empire
Time after time Alexander defeated the Persians with fewer soldiers. His army
was well trained and ready for battle. According to legend, Alexander visited a
town called Gordium in Asia Minor. There he heard of an ancient tale about a
knot tied to an ancient king. The tale said who ever untied the knot from the
king would rule Asia. Alexander pulled out his sword and cut the knot. This
was a good sign to Alexander. Eventually, Alexander ______________________
_________________________________________________________________.
Marching Home
Still intent on building an empire Alexander led his army through Central Asia
into India, but his soldiers were tired. They were exhausted and refused to go
on any further. Disappointed, Alexander began his long march home.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Alexander’s New Empire
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Spreading Greek Culture
Alexander’s empire was the largest in the world has ever seen. Alexander
admired Greek culture so he worked to spread Greek influences everywhere in
his empire. He modeled his new cities after the cities of Greece. He named many
of them__________________________________, after himself. He built temple
and theaters like those in Greece. Soon Greek art, literature, and science spread
into surrounding lands.
Alexander encouraged conquered people to keep their own culture and
traditions. As a result, a new blended culture developed in Alexander’s empire.
It combined ____________________________, Syrian, Persian, and other
cultures.
Historians use the term, _______________________ to describe the Greeklike culture that wasn’t completely Greek.
Reading Check-Sequencing-What steps did Alexander take to create his empire?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Section 4: Greek Achievements
Essential Question:
What advances did Greeks
make that still influence the
world today?
The Big Idea:
Ancient Greeks made lasting contributions in the
_______________, philosophy, and
_________________ .
If you were there… Everyone in Athens has been talking about a
philosopher and teacher named Socrates, so you decide to go and see him for
yourself. You find him sitting under a tree, surrounded by his students.
“Teach me about life”, you say. But instead of answering, he asks you, “What
is life?” You struggle to reply. He asks another question, and another. If he’s
such a great teacher, you wonder, shouldn’t he have all the answers? Instead,
all he seems to have our questions.
What do you think as Socrates?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Main Ideas
 The ______________ made contributions to the arts.
 The teachings of _______________, Plato, and
________________ are the basis of modern
philosophy.
 In science, the Greeks made key discoveries in
math, ___________________, and engineering.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
The Arts
Among the most notable achievements of the ancient Greeks were those
they made in the arts. These arts included sculpture, painting, architecture,
and writings.
Statues and Paintings
Ancient Greeks were master artists. Many of their works are still displayed
in museums around the world. Greek sculptors _______________________
___________________________________________. To improve their art,
sculptors carefully studied the human body. Greek painting was admired
for its ______________________and ________________. Early Greek artists
painted detailed scenes on pots and vases. Many of the scenes were created
using only two colors, black and red.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Greek Architecture
If you are in Greece today, you would see the ruins of many ancient buildings.
All columns still all the parts of broken roofs, an ancient carvings decorate
fallen walls. These remains give us an idea of the beauty of ancient Greek
buildings. The Greeks designed their temples, with rows of tall columns.
Ancient designers took such great care because they wanted their buildings to
reflect the greatness of their cities. The most impressive ancient Greek building
was the __________________________(PAHR-thuh-nahn) in Athens. Picture of
the next slide, this temple was built in the 400s BC on the Athenian
_________________________________. It was designed to be magnificent not
only outside, but inside as well. The interior was decorated with carvings and
columns.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Greek Architecture
The
________________
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
New Forms of Writing
Greeks were excellent and writing. In fact, Greek readers created many news
writing forms, including drama in history. Plays became a popular form of
entertainment especially in Athens. In the 400s BC Athenian readers created
many of the greatest plays of the ancient world. They create _______________
______________________________ based on Greek heroes. Sophocles (SAUFuh-kleez) wrote Greek tragedies and ______________________________ (auuh-STAHF-uh-neez) used his comedy to make series points about war, courts
of law, and famous people.
Reading Check- Summarizing- What were some
forms of art found in ancient Greece?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Philosophy
Philosophers believed in the power of the human mind to think, explain,
and _________________________________. These people moved away from
the belief in ancient gods and goddesses in explaining the mysteries of the
world.
Socrates
Among the greatest of these thinkers was a man called
____________________. He believed that people must never stop looking
for knowledge. Socrates with the teacher as well as a thinker. Socrates
_______________________________________. His questions were about
human qualities such as love and courage. For example, he might ask
“what is courage?” When people answered, he challenged their answers
with more questions. He wanted people to question their beliefs. For this
reason he was arrested and condemned to death by poison.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Plato
___________________ (PYAY-oh) was a student as
Socrates. Like Socrates, he was a teacher as well
as a philosopher. Plato create a school, the
Academy, to which students, philosophers, and
scientist could come to discuss ideas. Plato wrote
many works. The most famous of these works is
called _______________________________. It
describes plate of idea of an ideal society. This
society would be based upon justice and
unfairness to everyone.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Aristotle
Perhaps the
the greatest
greatest Greek
Greek thinker
thinker was
was ____________________________
Aristotle (ar-uh-STAH-tuhl),
Perhaps
Plato’s student. He Plato’s
taught that
people
of moderation,
or
(ar-uh-STAH-tuhl),
student.
Heshould
taughtlive
thatlives
people
should
balance. For
example, people should not be greedy, but neither For
should they
_________
____________________________________________.
give awaypeople
everything
they
Instead,
a balance
example,
should
notown.
be greedy,
butpeople
neithershould
shouldfind
they
give away
between these
extremes.
everything
theytwo
own.
Instead, people should find a balance between these
two extremes.
Aristotle believed that moderation was based on reason, or
clear and _______________________________________.
He thought people should use reason to govern their lives. In
other words, people should think about their actions and how
they affect others.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Aristotle
Aristotle made great advances in the field of logic, _______________
_______________________________. He argued that you could use
facts you knew to figure out new facts. For example, if you knew as
Socrates lives in Athens are the Athens is in Greece, you can
conclude as Socrates lives in Greece. If Aristotle’s ideas about logic
helped inspire many Greek scientists.
Reading Check- Generalizing- What did ancient Greek philosophers like
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle one to find out?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Science
Aristotle’s works inspired many Greek scientists. They began to
look closely at the world to see how it worked.
Mathematics
Some Greeks spent their lives study
____________________________. One such
person was_________________(YOO-klhud).
He was interested in geometry, the study of
lines, angles, and shapes. Many of the
geometry rules we learned today comes
straight from Euclid’s writings.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Medicine and Engineering
Some Greek scientists studied numbers. Some studies other areas of science,
such as medicine and engineering. Greek doctors studied the human body to
understand how it worked. In trying to cure diseases and keep people healthy,
Greek doctors made many discoveries.
The greatest Greek Dr. was _______________________________ (hip-AHKruh-teez). He wanted to figure out what cause diseases so we could better treat
them. Hippocrates is better known today, though,
___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Medicine and Engineering
For example, farmers in many countries
still use water screws to bring water to the
fields. ______________________would
bring water from a lower level to a higher
level. In the 200s BC ,the Greek engineer,
____________________________ (ahrkuh-MEED-eez) invented the water screw.
Reading Check- Summarizing- What advances did Greek Scientists make in
medicine.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.