Computer Science
Research in Mexico
David Garza-Salazar
dgarza@itesm.mx
Division of Electronic and Information Technologies
Tec de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey
July 2006
1
Contents
 Science and Technology in Mexico
 Computer Science Research in Mexico
 Tec de Monterrey
 Research and Innovation in Electronic and
Information Technologies at Tec de Monterrey
2
Economic Activity
 Mexico’s competitiveness is no longer in laborintensive jobs
 There is a movement towards brain-intensive-jobs
 From “maquila” to design and innovation
3
Publications by mexican scientists
1996 - 2004
7,000
5,783
Total articles
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,282
3,587
4,057
4,531 4,633
6,041
4,999 5,213
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
4
Ph.D degrees granted
2500
2248
1940
Ph. D degrees
2000
1683
1446
1500
1000
734
893
911
1035 1085
714
519
500
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
5
Earned doctoral degrees by field per million of
inhabitants 1995 - 2004
Graduated per million inhabitants
18
16.3
16
13.9
14
12
11
10
7.5
8
6
4.4
8.7
12.2
10.6
8.5
5.5
4
2
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
6
Members of the National System of
Researchers –S N I - (1995- 2004)
12,000
9,200
Number
10,000
8,000
6,000
5,868 5,969 6,278
6,742
7,252 7,466
10,189
10,855
8,018
4,000
2,000
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
7
Members of the SNI by field 2004
8
Budget administered by Conacyt 1995 –
2004
600
Millions of dollars
500
400
387
345
374
397
366
352
1999
2000
471
487
2002
2003
454
381
300
200
100
0
1995
1996
1997
1998
2001
2004
9
Internet and Telephony users in Mexico
Telephony users in Mexico (per 1000 hab.)
Internet Users in México (per 1000 hab.)
180
350
160
300
140
250
120
100
80
Fuente: INEGI y AMIPCI
60
200
Fixed
150
Mobile
100
40
20
50
0
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2000
2001
2002
2003
Fuente: INEGI
10
Research
 CONACYT’s (National Council of Science and
Technology in Mexico) Special Program in
Science and Technology identified 5 priority
areas for the development of Mexico:





Information and Communication Technologies
Biotechnology
Materials
Manufacturing design and processes
Urban and rural infrastructure
11
IT Education and Curricula in Mexico
 More than 250 different
schools offer majors in
computer science and
related fields
 Over 80 schools offer
graduate programs
Year
1991
1996
2001
Undergraduate
student enrollment
68,851
112,263
168,706
2003
196,088
 An estimated 400 Ph.D.
faculty/resarchers
in Mexico
12
Research in Computer Science

Public universities and centers








UNAM
 IIMAS
IPN
 CINVESTAV
 CIC
CICESE
CIMAT
CINVESTAV
INAOE
UAM
Private universities




Tec de Monterrey
Universidad de las Americas
LANIA
ITAM
13
Research in Computer Science
 AI Mexican Society – 1986
 MICAI 2006, Nov. 13-17
 Computer Science Mexican Society – 1993
 ENC 2006
San Luis Potosi, Sept. 18-22
14
Main CS research areas in Mexico
 Artificial Intelligence
 Robotics
 Distributed and Parallel Systems
 Software Engineering
 Graphics, Digital Image Processing
15
CUDI: Internet-2
CENIC
Abilene (Internet2)
Tijuana
Cd. Juárez
Red CLARA
Monterrey
Cancún
Guadalajara
45 MB
155 MB
1MB
México
Academic & R&D Institutions:
98
Students:
1’400,000
Teachers:
100,000
Networked computers: 150,000
Data from: Development of Internet-2 in Mexico presentation by Carlos Casasus
16
Tec de Monterrey today
33 campuses
8,178 faculty
88,287 students
38% with scholarships
or loans
TecMilenio
22 campuses
870 faculty
12,524 students
Slide from office of the Tec de Monterrey President for Innovation and Development
Virtual University
5,804 Graduate students
30,859 Corporate continuing education
59,512 Social programs
18
Virtual
University
 Texas
 Florida
 South
Carolina
 Arizona







Mexico
Guatemala
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Costa Rica
Panama
Honduras






Colombia
Venezuela
Peru
Ecuador
Chile
Bolivia
2004
Programs
1. Graduate
Students
5,804
2. Corporate continuing
education
30,859
3. Social programs
59,512




Slide from office of the Tec de Monterrey President for Innovation and Development
Teacher training courses
Public officials
Journalists and NGO´s
Community Learning Center
Mexico’s main challenges which Tec
de Monterrey might help to meet
 Competitiveness based on the
knowledge economy
 Job creation
 Strengthening of public administration
and public policy
 Reduction of the educational gap
Slide from office of the Tec de Monterrey President for Innovation and Development
20
Competitiveness based
on the knowledge economy
Areas:
1. Biotechnology
2. Health sciences
3. Mechatronics
4. Telecommunications and Information
Technologies
5. Development of innovative, technology
based education systems
Slide from office of the Tec de Monterrey President for Innovation and Development
21
Tec de Monterrey
 1,188 faculty members hold Ph.D. degrees
 234 faculty members belong to the National
System of Researchers
 24 M USD annual research expenditure
Data from office of the Tec de Monterrey Vicepresident for Research and Development
22
Graduate Students- Tec de Monterrey
Data from office of the Tec de Monterrey Vicepresident for Research and Development
23
Evolution of research and technology
transfer at Tec de Monterrey
Campus
Outreach
MultiCampus
Outreach &
graduate
programs
Research
Centers
Outreach &
graduate
programs &
individual
research
80’s
Data from office of the Tec de Monterrey Vicepresident for Research and Development (adapted)
Research
Chairs
Outreach &
graduate
programs &
collaborative
research
2002
Technology
Transfer
Centers
Outreach &
graduate
programs &
collaborative
research &
knowledge
and
technology
transfer
2006
24
Technology Park
(EDO. N.L., UANL, ITESM, CONACYT)
Slide from office of the Tec de Monterrey President for Innovation and Development
25
Software Development Park
Tec Milenio Las Torres
Center for Incubation and
Certification of Software Companies
(future)
Future
University Campus
Present
Call Center
Merkafon
Commercial
area
and Software
companies
incubator
Reserved
area
for new
Software
companies
(in process)
(future)
Residential zone, two towers of 16 floors (in process)
Slide from office of the Tec de Monterrey President for Innovation and Development
26
Center for Innovation and
Technology Transfer
 13 High-Tec companies
in operation
 Seeking seed and
investment funds
 Developing projects with Tec de
Monterrey Research Centers
 Commercializing innovative
products and services
Data from office of the Tec de Monterrey Vicepresident for Research and Development
27
Resident Companies
ITC
Mechatronics
Software
Resource
Sustainability
Industria
l Design
 Technology Showroom Companies: Technologybased companies from research centers and the
incubator’s network
Data from office of the Tec de Monterrey Vicepresident for Research and Development
28
Community
Learning
Centers
Slide from office of the Tec de Monterrey President for Innovation and Development
29
1,459 Community Learning Centers
 Remote and
dispersed
In Mexico: 1,258
communities
 High-speed Internet
 Monterrey Tech
students as tutors
59,347 enrolled
Dr. Arroyo, N. L.
students (2005)
Slide from office of the Tec de Monterrey President for Innovation and Development
In USA: 130
Houston, Tx
In the initial opening stage
In Honduras: 70
In Ecuador: 1
30
Electronic and Information
Technologies at
Tec de Monterrey
31
Milestones
Internet
CS undergraduate degree
Educational Model
Interactive systems
Research Centers
Minicomputers
Nortel Research Chair
Virtual Education
Use of computers in engineering
programs
1963
1970
PC and networks
1980
The Profession
Research Chairs
1990
2000
2006
32
Electronics and Information Technologies
 120 faculty members hold Ph.D. degrees
 Annual research expenditure ~2.4 M USD
 7 research centers
33
Mexicans Join High Tech Jobs
 “A rapidly growing contingent of Mexican
immigrants is writing software at
Microsoft, opening a new chapter in the
story of Hispanic immigration to the
Northwest”
 “These tech professionals, who have
come to the Puget Sound region from topranked Mexican institutes, are increasingly
making their mark on the Redmond
software giant.”
April 7, 2006
 “… almost all Mexican recruits currently
come from the Monterrey Institute of
Technology…”
http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/stories/2006/04/10/story2.html?page=1
34
Educating human capital in electronic
and information technologies
Undergraduate programs
at Monterrey Tech
degrees
granted
95-05
Current
enrollment
Estimated
graduates
05-15
Electronic Technologies Engineering
2,653
1,078
3,234
Computer Technologies Engineering
4,546
2,497
7,491
Management of Information
Technologies
2,122
690
2,070
Information and Communication
Technologies Engineering
3,017
1,100
3,300
12,338
5,365
16,095
28,433 in 20 years
Slide from office of the Tec de Monterrey President for Innovation and Development (adapted)
35
Graduate programs
at Monterrey Tech
Degrees
granted
95-05
Current
enrollment
Estimated
graduates
05-15
M. Computer Science related fields.
710
213
779
M. Electronic Commerce
400
186
560
M. Sc. Electronic Engineering
306
69
428
M. Management of Information
Technologies
1,594
681
2,232
M. Telecommunications Management
310
72
434
Ph.D. Computer Science Related
66
44
100
3,366
1,265
4,748
8,114 in 20 years
Slide from office of the Tec de Monterrey President for Innovation and Development (adapted)
36
International standards
 Accreditations
 ABET
 SACS
 Curricula compliant with
international society’s
recommendations
 ACM
 IEEE- Computer Society
 AIS
37
Industry relationship
38
Research chair model
4 researchers
(Ph.D.)
Research Initiative
4 undergraduate students
4 Master students
3 Ph.D. students
INFRASTRUCTURE
39
Innovation Cell
+ Science and Technology
Policies and directions
Government
Incentives
Innovation
Cell
Resources
Research and Development
focused to satisfy industry needs
Industry
+ Competitiveness
Development of Human Resources
Alliances
University
+ Generation of Knowledge
Human Resources
40
Existing innovation cells
Started in August 2005
Three year R&D agreement
between CEMEX and Tec de
Monterrey
Three year R&D agreement
between NIC-México and Tec
de Monterrey
$300K/yr. ($150K- CEMEX,
$150K- Tec)
$250K/yr NIC Mexico
Started in August 2004
Started in January 2005
41
Research and innovation strengths
•
Cybersecurity
• Biometrics
• Secure Internet Protocol
•
Enterprise Computing Technologies
• Intelligent Systems
• Digital Libraries
•
Pervasive Technologies
 Wireless technologies
 Microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS)
•
Software Engineering
• Software Quality Improvement
42
Cybersecurity
 Biometrics
• User authentication based on
corporal characteristics
• Main results
• High precision algorithms for face and speech
based recognition
• Patent submission: Automatic speaker verification
in cell phones
• Patent submission: Secure evaluation system for
distance learning environments
43
Cybersecurity
 Secure Internet Protocols
•
Specification, design and implementation of Internet Protocols
for routing in mobile environments, Domain Name Services
(DNSSec), Cross Registry (CRISP) and Host Identity (HIP).
•
Main results
Specification finished for all protocols, currently
working on the design and implementation
Starting collaboration with Internet Engineering Task
Force for worldwide adoption
Project Sponsored by NIC-Mexico
44
Intelligent Systems
 Nature inspired optimization techniques and intelligent
software agents
 Examples of applications to industry problems
 ATM cash estimation – Bancomer
 TV Rating prediction – TV Azteca
 Production Planning – Hylsa
45
Autonomous Vehicles
User controller (guest):
Vehicle controller (host):
Task definition, planning
Autonomous task execution
and monitoring
Evolution in open
space
Trajectory and task
planning
RF
Visual tracking of
the trajectory
Visual tracking of
multiples objects:
the AV and the
mobile obstacles
46
Autonomous Vehicles

General models for the automation of
vehicles

Real time Internet interaction with
autonomous robots

Main Results


Autonomous vehicle for the drying
process of residual mud.
 Vehicle equipped with different
sensors (sonar, compass, etc)
capable of self navigation.
 Project for real application for the
Nuevo Leon Institute for Water
(IANL).
 Ready to operate in real
environment
Virtual laboratories ( work with
Stanford University )
47
Digital Libraries
Phronesis Digital Library Project
•
A practical an efficient open source
software for the creation of distributed
digital repositories
•
.
Main results
 Used by institutions and organizations in 7
different countries
 Cited by Computing Research Association,
DLib Magazine, DCMI – Dublin Core Metadata
Initiative, Networked University Digital Library,
and ACM proceedings
48
Wireless Technologies
• Focuses on networking and computing
issues relevant to mobile environments
Wireless Networking
• modeling, performance analysis,
position location techniques, selfconfigurable networks, networking
support for 4G services
Mobile Computing
• Information access in mobile
environments: mobile data
management, middleware services,
application adaptation
49
Wireless Technologies

Focus areas: Ad-Hoc, Sensor Networks and
Wireless Mesh Networks
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

New models that can explain and describe network traffic in
complex systems
Position location with limited fixed land references
Smart antennas : applicability in different
Mesh Network Scenarios
Adaptive routing ensuring high reachability and availability
Interference constraints in dense WI-FI environments
All IP services in WI-MAX backbones
Data Management and architectures for mobile users
Main results
•
•
•
•
•
1 USA patent
1 Patent submission
4 Technology Developments for Nortel Networks
Some thesis results used for Nortel products and services
Since 1993 funding from Nortel Networks
50
BioMEMS
SPONSORED PROJECTS
• Intra-medullar Microsystem to detect leukemia
relapse after quimotherapy treatment
Sponsor: CONACYT
• Neural signal measuring electrode
Sponsor: CONACYT and UJF
• Business Intelligence System for MEMS
Sponsor: FUMEC & Ministry of Economy
• BioMEMS Technological Prospective for the state
of Nuevo León, México
Sponsor: COCYTENL
RESULTS
• Road Map for BioMEMS
• Four Workshops in BioMEMS & Two MEMS
Symposiums
• Prototype of a Micro machined electrode and a
CMOS signal conditioning and RF
transmission circuit
• Courses: Microsystems, Microelectronics CMOS,
Introduction to CoventorWare
• Partnerships with UT Austin, ASU and UC Irvine
OTHER CURRENT
RESEARCH PROJECTS
• Closed loop insulin infusion in diabetic patients
• Ambulatory system to measure EEG signals
• Orthopedic cushion to prevent ulcers in
handicapped persons
Towards a MEMS Design Center at ITESM
IN CAMPUS

MEMS Design Lab
MEMS Testing Lab
OUTSIDE CAMPUS

IC & MEMS Foundries
•
Albany Nanotech, Albany, NY
•
Nanofab Research and Teaching
facility, Arlington, TX
•
Microelectronics Clean Room,
Charlotte, NC
•
Minatec, Grenoble, France
51
Partnership between CMU and Tec de
Monterrey
International positioning of the Mexican software
industry
 In collaboration with the
Software Engineering Institute
 Certification of small and medium companies
 Collaboration in research
52
Hasta la vista amigos
53
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