 Go
over section 3.3 (homework returned to
you on Wednesday)
1.
2.
3.
By 1900 more than half of all
immigrants in the US were eastern and
southern Europeans
Many of the immigrants moved to avoid
forced military service. Others, like
the Jews living in Poland and Russia,
fled to avoid religious persecution.
Most immigrants booked passage in
steerage, the cheapest accommodations
on a steam ship, and they disembarked
at Ellis Island, a tiny island in New York
Harbor.
4.
5.
6.
How well immigrants adjusted
depended partly on how quickly they
learned English and adapted to
American Culture.
The 1848 discovery of gold in California
began to lure Chinese immigrants to the
United States
The Taiping Rebellion in China took 20
million lives and caused such suffering
that thousands of Chinese left for the
United States.
7.
These waves of immigration led to
increased feelings of nativism, which is
a preference for native-born people and
a desire to limit immigration.
Now turn your paper over as we discuss
questions 1-7 about immigration on the back
Immigrants often lived in neighborhoods
that were often separated into ethnic
groups. Groups would recreate their
stores, religious houses,
newspapers…etc. in the neighborhood.
1.
•
2.
Example: “Little Italy”
As many as 1 in 3 immigrants returned
to Europe because they came to the US
simply to make money. They never had
intentions of staying permanently.
3.
Angel Island was the West Coast
destination for immigrants. It was
designed to house and process Asian
immigrants. It is the West Coast version
of Ellis Island.
Angel Island
Nativism- preference for native-born people
and a desire to limit immigration.
4.
Two reasons nativists were opposed to
immigration:
1.
2.
A fear that Catholic immigrants would flood
the US and the Catholic Church would have
too much power in the US government
Immigrants worked for lower wages or would
break strike lines to work and this would
undermine American-born workers.
5.
The federal immigration law passed in
1882:
1.
Banned convicts, paupers (very poor) &
mentally disabled from entering the country

2.
Wanted immigrants who would contribute to
society
Placed a .50 cent tax on each newcomer
6.
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Barred Chinese immigration for 10 years
Prevented Chinese already in US from
becoming citizens
Was renewed in 1892
Was made permanent in 1902
Was not repealed until 1943
7.
This act was
successful. The
population of
Chinese in the
United States
dropped from
105,000 to 75,000
in a ten year
period
120,000
100,000
80,000
population
1890
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
Population in
1900
8.
9.
Now turn your paper back over as we
discuss #8-15 regarding urbanization
In 1840 the United States had only 131
cities; by 1900 that number had risen to
over 1700.
Lacking money and education, most
immigrants remained in the cities.
Many rural Americans moved to the cities
for better paying jobs. The cities had
much to offer – for example:
10.
•
11.
Bright lights, running water, modern
plumbing, museums, libraries and theatres
New approaches to housing and
transportation were developed because
millions of people were now moving to the
cities.
12.
13.
American industrialization helped create a
growing middle class that included
doctors, lawyers, engineers, managers and
teachers.
Among the problems of cities were various
epidemics and contaminated drinking
water, caused by improper sewage
disposal.
14.
15.
In exchange for the votes of new urban
residents in city elections, political
machines provided basic services such as
jobs, housing and police protection.
Many leaders of political machines grew
rich as a result of fraud or graft- getting
money through dishonest or questionable
means.
Now turn your paper back over as we
discuss questions 8-10.
8.
Examples of new approaches to housing
and transportation due to urbanization:
1.
2.
Housing: skyscrapers (build up), tenements
Transportation: horse cars, cable cars,
electric trolley cars, elevated railroad,
subways
Examples of new approaches to
housing due to urbanization
Skyscrapers
Examples of new approaches to
housing due to urbanization
Tenements
Examples of new approaches to
transportation due to urbanization
Elevated Trains
Trolley Cars
9.
10.
A tenement was a dark, crowded multifamily apartment. Many families lived in
tenements and some even rented spare
rooms in their tenement out to others to
earn money.
Party (political) bosses, who ran political
machines, provided jobs, food, heat, and
police protection in exchange for political
power (votes).