THE
DEFENSIVE DRIVER
Our Team Introduction
Domain Experts
www.cs.odu.edu/~410red
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
2
Presentation Overview
 The Problem
 Current Process
 The Solution
 Our Implementation
 Market Analysis
 Risks And Benefits
 Conclusion
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
3
Poor driving habits are the leading
cause of accidents in the United
States
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
4
Crashes Caused by External
Contributing Factors
Data Set: 36,000 Car Crashes in 2008 in Virginia
Virginia DMV
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
5
How Bad Is It?
“In 2006, motor vehicle traffic crashes were a
leading cause of death for every age 3 through
34. Motor vehicle travel is the primary means
of transportation in the United States,
providing an unprecedented degree of
mobility. Yet for all its advantages, deaths and
injuries resulting from motor vehicle crashes
are the leading cause fatalities accounted for
nearly 95 percent of transportation-related
fatalities. ”
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
6
Life Toll
• Majority of new drivers
are in the age group 1520
Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes per
100,000 Licensed Drivers (2008)
Number of Drivers
• Crash data for
age group 15-20 says:
- less likely to buckle up
- more likely to speed
Number of drivers
Number of drivers speeding
Age Group (Years)
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
7
Financial Toll
 Auto Insurance
 $1,000 a year for each American
[1]
 Economic cost of speed related crashes:
 $40.4 billion a year
[2]
U.S. car accident cost:
$164.2 billion every year 1
(1)
CNN
(2)
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
8
Current Driver’s License
Process for Virginia Residents
Pass
Written
Drivers
Test
Receive
Permit
(min age =
15yrs 6 mos)
Complete
Driving
Course
Pass DMV
Road Test
Obtain
Auto
Insurance
Virginia DMV
Receive
License or
Endorsement
Judge
Issues
License
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
9
Current Driver Improvement
Clinic Process in Virginia
Issued
Ticket
Convicted
Required
of
Driving
Offense
Clinic
Successfully
Complete
Clinic
Retain
Auto
Insurance
and License
Virginia Defensive Driving Clinic
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
10
Driver Improvement Clinics
• 6,400 habitual offenders per year
•more than two tickets for the same traffic violation (AAPEX)
(Ex.: Chronic speeders )
• 200 driver improvement clinics in Virginia
- Attendance is voluntary or court ordered
Driver Improvement Clinic
Habitual Offenders (yearly estimate)
Phyllis Foster Driving School
50-75
AAPEX Driver Improvement
Program
30
J and J Driving School
20
(1) Virginia DMV
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
11
Introducing The Defensive Driver
 Real-time data recording
 Driving tips
 Report generation
 Violation detection
 Notifications
 Visual alert
 Audio alert (optional)
Image Credit: dashdaq.com
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
12
Make The Defensive Driver an integral
part of the current driving syllabus
 Requiring a minimum number of recorded
safe driving hours
 Requiring minimum good driving habit
percentage
 Actively remind drivers of good driving habits
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
13
Pass
Written
Drivers
Test
Receive
Permit
Complete
Driving Course
(min age =
15yrs 6 mos)
Pass Road
Test
Ticket
Issues
License
Obtain
Receive
License or
Endorsement
Auto
Insurance
Process With
Defensive Driver
Install The
Defensive
Driver Unit
Issued
Judge
Convicted
Required
of
Driving
Offense
Clinic
Successfully
Complete
Clinic
CS410 Red Team
Retain
Auto
Insurance
and License
09 November 2009
14
Major Functional Component Diagram
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
15
Vehicle Integration
 OBD-II (On-Board Diagnostics) Interface
 Data and power provider
 Compatible with Vehicles Manufactured After 1996
 ECU (Engine Control Unit)
Parameters[1]
 Rate of speed
 Brake utilization
 Seat belt usage
(1) SAE Society of Automotive EngineersJ1979
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
16
External Factor Touchpoints
External Factors
Solution Feature
Seat Belt
Measure if/when the driver wears the seat belt
Obtain posted speed limits
Determine if speeding
Obtain stop-sign locations
Determine if vehicle completely stops
Following too closely
Records excessive braking patterns above a certain
speed limit
Frequent Lane Changes
Uses GPS location change to note lane changes
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
17
Device Process Flow
GPS
Satellites
Proper
Techniques
Reinforced
Violation
Detected
Real-time
Driving
Data
Defensive Driver
Internal
Traffic
Database
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
18
The Defensive Driver Software
 Operating System – Linux
 Open Source
 Microkernel
 Graphics design
 OpenVGA, OpenGL
 Database
 Internal
 Open speed limit and signs database [1]
 VDOT speed limit and signs database
 External
 MySQL profiling database
 Real-time data monitoring algorithm
 Profiling software algorithms
 GPS mapping software
(1) Open Speed Limit Database
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
19
In-Car Display
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
20
PC Software Characteristics
 Record driving habits
 Identify driving weaknesses
 Based on types of traffic violations[1]
 Create historical reports on drivers
 Correction log
 Driving time
 Improvement areas
(1) Driving and Moving Violations
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
21
PC GUI
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
22
Customers
 Primary
 Driver Education
 Public schools
 Private lessons
 Improvement clinics
 Secondary
 Insurance companies
 Parents
 School bus drivers
 Taxi drivers
 Tractor trailer drivers
 DMV
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
23
Private Driving Schools Revenues
[1]
Driving Schools Revenues
$ Millions
(1) IBIS Driving Schools Industry Report
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
24
Auto Insurance Revenues
[1]
$ Billions
State of Virginia: 466,557 insurance policies written on
passenger vehicles in 2008 with an average cost of $698 for a
total of $325 million.
(1) IBIS Auto Insurance Report
(2) Automotix
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
25
Price Point
MIN
Max
$450.00
$550
Processor Board[2]
$100
$150
GPS Receiver[3]
$20
$50
OBD II Interface Chip [4]
$10
$30
LCD Touch-screen Display
$50
$100
Fingerprint Reader
$5
$10
PC and In-Car Software
$30
$50
Total
$215
$390
Using DashDAQ II Only
DashDAQ II-Retail[1]
Equivalent Parts
(1) DashDAQ II
(2) Microcontrollershop.com
(3) Roundsolutions.com
(4) Armatexx.com
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
26
Customer Benefits
 Lower insurance rates
 More interactive reinforcement to public
school drivers education programs
 Automated recording of student
performance
 Ability to generate reports on individual
drivers
 Offer customers a new tool to boost
performance
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
27
End User
 Identifies bad driving habits
 Helps to reinforce good driving habits
 Insurance rate decrease
 Assists in rehabilitation for habitual traffic
offenders
 Reduce number of traffic accidents
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
28
Current Competition
Maximum
Safe
Seat Belt Stop Sign
Lane
Real-time Driving
Speed
Distance
Reminder Monitoring Changes Availability Simulator Refinforce
Monitoring
ment
Competitors
Speed Limit
Monitoring
Speed Demon
X
Tracking Key by RMT
X
DriveCam
X
X
The Safe Driving Monitor
X
X
X
MyKey
X
X
Virtual Driver Interactive
X
Drive Safety
X
Drive Square
X
The Defensive
Driver
X
X
X
X
X
CS410 Red Team
X
X
09 November 2009
X
29
Privacy Issues
 Who owns information collected by Defensive
Driver?
 When a court order is required to collect data
from internal devices?
 Do drivers need to be informed if they have
their information recorded?
Consumer Affairs
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
30
Risk Analysis
User
Probability
Expected
High
Extreme
Impact
High
Moderate
Moderate
Low
Not
Likely
U3, T3, L1
U2, F1
T1
E1
T2, F2
U1
Low
Negligible
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
31
Risk Planning
Problem
Mitigation
Possible Distraction
Test multiple methods of alerts
Users bypass the system
Use a fingerprint reader
User may not want to use the
system
User may not have a choice depending on the course
structure
OBD II may be replaced
by a new standard
Releasing a new version of Defensive Driver with the new
capabilities offered by the latest standard
Driving standards
and rules may change
Software updates may be offered to comply with new
standards
Software may not work
on future platforms
Software updates may be offered to comply with new
systems
Market base unable
to afford the system
Search for possible grants that the product may apply
towards
Competition
Learn from their mistakes/Prove that our product works
better
Government fails to mandate
product use
Continue to target driving schools for basic drivers and
additionally taxi and tractor trailer programs
Database not accurate
Create a self-maintained database for small regional areas
and utilize a gradual marketing approach
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
32
Conclusion
 Important Societal Problem
 Hardware Available
 Software Implementable
 Customer Gains
 End User Gains
 Lives Saved
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
33
Team Collaboration
 Meetings
 2 + times per week
 Tools Utilized
 Google Chat
 Microsoft Office Communicator




Availability Info
Desktop Sharing
Audio Conference
Video Features
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
34
References

http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811162.PDF National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811036.PDF National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

http://money.cnn.com/2008/03/05/news/economy/AAA_study/ CNN

http://www.dmv.state.va.us/webdoc/citizen/drivers/eligibility.asp Virginia DMV

http://www.dmv.state.va.us/webdoc/citizen/drivers/applying.asp Virginia DMV

http://www.dmv.virginia.gov/webdoc/commercial/business/diclinic/index.asp Virginia DMV

http://www.dmv.state.va.us/webdoc/citizen/drivers/backonroad.asp Virginia DMV

http://dashdaq.com DashDAQ

http://www.abika.com/Reports/driving_moving_violations.htm Driving and Moving Violations

http://www.itfacts.biz/17-of-americans-have-a-gps-device-34-are-handheld-33-are-car-mounted/8873 ITFacts

http://www.prb.org/pdf07/07WPDS_Eng.pdf Population Reference Bureau

http://eetimes.eu/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=207603212 DriveCam indentifies risky driving, by R. Coling Johnson,
EETimes Europe

http://blogs.zdnet.com/ITFacts/?p=11523 Portable GPS navigation market statistics, by ZDNet

http://www.consumeraffairs.com/news04/2006/02/black_boxes_states.html Consumer Affairs

www.dmv.state.va.us Virginia DMV

http://www.virginiadefensivedrivingclinic.com/register/index.php Virginia Defensive Driving Clinic

http://www.dmv.state.va.us/webdoc/safety/crash_data/total/pdf/driver_action.pdf Virginia DMV

http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811162.PDF NHTSA
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
35
Questions ?
CS410 Red Team
09 November 2009
36