The Civil War
Civil War Basics
What is a Civil War?
• A Civil War is a war
between two or
more groups inside
the same country.
• The American Civil
War was the North
versus the South.
When was the Civil War Fought?
• The Civil War was
fought from 18611865.
Who was the Confederacy?
• The Confederacy was
the South.
• Pro Slavery
• Anti Tariffs
• Anti Federal Power
Confederacy Flag and Uniform
Who was the Union?
• The Union was the
North.
• Anti Slavery (mostly)
• Pro Tariffs
• Pro Federal Power
Union Flag and Uniform
What were the main causes of the
Civil War?
• The North/Union and the
South/ Confederacy
disagreed about:
1. Slavery
2. Tariffs
3. The power of the
Federal Government
Why is the Civil War Important?
• The Civil War:
1. Ended slavery.
2. Established the
superiority of the
Federal Government.
3. The bloodiest war in
American history
(600,000+ Casualties).
Causes of the American Civil War
What is Sectionalism?
• Loyalty or support to a
region or state instead
of the Nation.
• Northerners and
Southerners were
loyal to their regions,
not the United States.
Example of Southern and Northern Sectionalism.
Southern Senator attacks Northern Senator.
What are Tariffs?
• Taxes and goods from
other nations.
• The purpose of tariffs is
to make products from
other nations more
expensive, so that
customers will buy
home made products.
What was the impact of tariffs on
the North?
• Tariffs helped
Northern Businesses.
• Tariffs made
European goods
more expensive and
Northern goods
more affordable by
comparison.
What was the impact of tariffs on
the South?
• The Southern
Economy did not
benefit from tariffs.
• Southerners had a
harder time exporting
their cotton and had
to pay extra for goods
because of the tariff.
What was the impact of tariffs on
the West?
• The West benefit from
tariffs.
• The money from tariffs
went toward building
railroads, bridges, roads,
dams, and canals in the
West which allowed people
to move westward.
What was the impact of slavery
on the North?
• Northerners felt violated
when Southern slave
catchers went to Northern
homes and businesses
looking for slaves.
• Northerners were also
against the expansion of
slavery to the West.
What was the impact of slavery
on the South?
• Over 75% of the
South’s crops were
made in large scale
plantations with 20
or more slaves.
• Cotton was seen as
King Cotton because
of its value.
What was the impact of slavery
on the West?
• As Western territories
became states,
Northerners and
Southerners battled in
the West to ensure
their side would win
control of the new
governments.
What was Dred Scott v. Sanford?
• Dred Scott sued for his
freedom.
• The Supreme Court stated
that African-Americans were
not citizens and the only way
to end slavery would be an
amendment. The North was
angered by the decision.
Congressional Conflicts and
Compromises Before the Civil War
What were the effects of the 3/5’s
Compromise?
• Southern States received
extra representation
because their slaves
counted as 3/5’s a person.
• Most Presidents were
Southern, The Supreme
Court and Congress were
also controlled by the
South.
What was the Missouri
Compromise (1820)?
• Missouri was allowed
to have slavery.
• Maine became a free
state.
• Slavery was only
allowed below the
36’30’ latitude line.
What were the effects of the
Missouri Compromise?
• The purpose of the
Missouri Compromise
was to keep an even
number of slave and
free states to keep
them from fighting
each other.
What was the Compromise of
1850?
1. California is allowed as a
free state.
2. Ends the Missouri
Compromise and allows
states to decide about
slavery (popular
sovereignty).
3. Stronger Fugitive Slave Act
which made the North
angry.
What were the effects of the
Compromise of 1850?
• The Fugitive Slave Act
turned many Northerners
into Abolitionists.
What was the Kansas-Nebraska
Act? (1854)
• The Kansas-Nebraska
act allowed Citizens
in Kansas and
Nebraska to chose
for themselves
whether or not to
allow slavery in their
territories.
What were the effects of the
Kansas-Nebraska Act? (1854)
• Abolitionist and Pro
Slavery groups
fought for control of
the governments.
• Kansas actually
turned into a war
zone as each group
attacked the other.
The Battles, People, and Events
of the Civil War
What was the importance of the
Election of 1860?
• Abraham Lincoln wins the
election despite not even
being in most Southern
ballots.
• The South is worried that the
North now has too many
people for them to win
elections. Southern States
decide to secede (leave).
Who was Abraham Lincoln?
• 16th President of the
United States.
• Republican
• Against the expansion of
slavery.
• Union must be Preserved.
What was the Significance of the
Battle of Ft. Sumter?
• The first of battle of
the Civil War was in
Ft. Sumter, South
Carolina.
• The South wins as
Northern troops
abandon the fort.
What is Secession?
• The act of a state
leaving a nation.
Which States seceded?
• South Carolina,
Mississippi, Florida,
Alabama, Georgia,
Louisiana, Texas,
Virginia, Arkansas,
North Carolina,
and Tennessee .
Who was Jefferson Davis?
• Mississippi Senator
• President of the
Confederate States of
America
(South/Confederacy).
Who was Robert E. Lee?
• Virginian
• America’s best and
most famous
General.
• The General of the
Confederacy.
Who was Ulysses S. Grant?
• The Final General of
the Union/North.
What was the Significance of the
Battle of Antietam?
• September 17, 1862.
• The bloodiest day in
American History.
• Over 22,000 dead or
wounded.
What was the Significance of the
Emancipation Proclamation?
• Slaves in the
Confederacy were
now free.
What was the Significance of the
Battle of Gettysburg?
• July 1-3, 1863.
• The turning point of
the Civil War.
• The South’s invasion
of the North is ended.
What was the Significance of the
Gettysburg Address?
• “For the People, by
the People”.
• Lincoln inspires the
nation by saying the
Civil War’s purpose
was to save
Democracy.
What was the Significance of the
Siege at Vicksburg?
• May-July 1863.
• The Union took
control of the
Mississippi River.
What was the Significance of the
Surrender at Appomattox Court House?
• Robert E. Lee
surrenders officially to
Ulysses S. Grant on April
9, 1865.
• Unfortunately,
President Lincoln was
shot 2 days later.