Mitosis Vocabulary
Nuclear Division
Mitosis
All cells do this (with a few exceptions)
Ex: Nerve cells, fat cells, muscle cells do not go
through mitosis
(Thin Chromatin)
Chromatin
Chromosome
Centromere
Stretched out, unwound DNA; most of the
time in this form. Looks like spaghetti.
Nucleus looks granular
Useable version of DNA
Coiled up (condensed) version of
chromatin; easier for moving DNA
Only see this during mitosis
Holds Sister Chromatids together
Where spindle fibers grab chromosome
(Think: Centro = center mere = middle)
Sister Chromatid
Cell Cycle
Name the 4 phases
Interphase
(Between Divisions)
G1 Phase
or
“Gap” Phase
S Phase
G2 Phase
Or
“Gap 2” Phase
Two identical
strands of a
chromosome
Cell Cycle = Life of a cell
G1 Phase
S Phase
G2 Phase
M Phase
“Cell Growth and Protein Synthesis”
Longest phase of Cell Cycle
NOT part of Mitosis
Includes: G1, S, G2
Cell is carrying out its function
“Growth” Phase 1
When cell gets bigger and makes
lots of proteins
1st part of Interphase
“Synthesis” Phase
Makes a copy of the DNA
Single strand →Double strand
2nd part of Interphase
“Growth 2” Phase
Cell is getting ready to divide
Getting organelles and proteins
(Like going to grocery store to get
the food to prepare dinner)
3rd part of Interphase
Prophase
Name the 4 phases of
Mitosis (Nuclear division)
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
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Centrioles
Spindle Fibers
Metaphase
Anaphase
PMAT
“Prepare”
Longest phase of Mitosis!!!
Chromosomes coil up to make
easy to move
Nuclear envelope (membrane)
dissolves
Centrioles make spindle fibers
Spindle fibers (muscles of
chromosome) form to help move
Organelle that is present only in ANIMAL
CELLS and creates the spindle fibers
Spindle fibers attach to the centromere
of the sister chromatids to move them
apart
“Middle”
Chromosomes are lined up in the middle
of the cell
Spindle fibers are attached
“Apart”
Chromosomes get pulled apart
Shortest Phase
Telophase
Cytokenesis
Not a phase of
Mitosis!!!
Part of Telokinesis
Cytokenesis in Animal Cells
What structure appears?
“Tidy Up”
Uncoil chromosomes
Nuclear envelope reforms
Spindle fibers go “bye-bye”
Cell Division
Last Part of Telophase
NOT part of Mitosis
Actual cell division into two cells Dividing
into two daughter cells
Creates a CLEAVAGE
FURROW
(Think: Animals
have fur)
Cytokenesis in Plant Cells
What structure appears?
Daughter Cells
Creates a CELL PLATE
(Think: Hard
cell wall is like
a hard plate)
Two new
identical cells
made
Cell Cycle
Know each phase and what the cell is doing in
each!
M Phase
Know the phases of Mitosis!
1.