ENC 1101
Sentence Structures
Phrases and Clauses
• Phrases
– A group of words together
• Clauses
– A group of words together that contains
an idea (typically with a subject and a
verb).
“in the park” is a . . .
1. Phrase
2. Clause
“after I saw the movie” is a . . .
1. Phrase
2. Clause
Types of Clauses
• Independent
– I ran.
• Dependent
– Because I ran
– Has a subordinating conjunction
After Fred arrived.
1. Independent
2. Dependent
Mary and Joseph discussed it.
1. Independent
2. Dependent
Sentence Types
• Simple
– One Independent Clause
• Compound
– Two Independent Clauses
– Note: A comma and a coordinating conjunction
(FANBOYS) must be used to connect the sentences.
• Complex
– One Independent with One Dependent
– Note: The use of a comma is required with the Dependent
Clause comes first in the sentence.
FANBOYS
• For
• And
• Nor
• But
• Or
• Yet
• So
After the lecture ended, they went to
lunch.
1. Simple
2. Compound
3. Complex
I studied until midnight, but my brother didn’t study at all.
1. Simple
2. Compound
3. Complex
Saul bought the new book.
1. Simple
2. Compound
3. Complex
Jose and Marta went to the museum.
1. Simple
2. Compound
3. Complex
I drank some coffee because I was still sleepy.
1. Simple
2. Compound
3. Complex
The theater was empty, so we had the best seats.
1. Simple
2. Compound
3. Complex