INDIAN NATIONALISM & NATION-BUILDING: 1858-1947
If a British colonial official were asked to provide evidence of the ways by which British rule
benefitted India, what would he say?
If an Indian citizen were asked to give proof of the ways British rule harmed India, what
would he or she say?
ROOTS OF INDIAN NATIONALISM
 If the Indian people want independence, what could unite them in hopes of
achieving that goal?
o
o

…But who are we really?


THE INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS
 (Congress Party)
 established in

o originally focused on their interests
 After WWI,
 Early members:
o
 Many Muslims left in 1906 
o different goals for independence
Divisions along
cultural lines led to
different Indian
nationalist
movements &
various strategies
to meet their goals.
TWO PATHS TO INDEPENDENCE…
Indian National Congress (Congress Party)
Goal:

The Muslim League
Goal:

Leaders:
Leaders:
Strategy:



Strategy:

1930s-40s: STRATEGIES FOR INDEPENDENCE
Gandhi’s Civil Disobedience
Jinnah’s Muslim League





A NEGOTIATED INDEPENDENCE: 1945-1947
 After
, British Parliament agreed to independence

 end result 
BRITISH INDIA
INDEPENDENT INDIA
INDIA & PAKISTAN: RESULTS OF PARTITION

 Hindu-Muslim violence intensified
o
o
o
INDEPENDENT PAKISTAN