The Rise of
Progressivism
Goal 7
15.1 Guided Reading, page 520
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1. What did progressives believe?
2. Where did the term “muckrakers” come from?
3. What “muck” was Jacob Riis trying to “rake” from society?
4. Why did Governor La Follette want direct primaries?
5. What did the 17th Amendment do?
6. What did some people say about women suffragists?
7. Name the first four states to grant women’s suffrage.
8. What sort of protests did the National Woman’s Party use?
9. What did the 19th Amendment do?
10. What was the most emotional progressive issue?
11. What were conditions like for child laborers in coal mines?
12. What did many progressives believe was at the root of society’s
problems?
13. Define prohibition.
14. What is socialism?
15. From what you learned in Civics and Economics, how is capitalism
different from socialism?
Essential Idea
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Poor conditions of the Gilded Age led to
the beginning of the Progressive
Movement.
Roots of Progressivism
Progressivism
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The late 1800s was known as the Gilded
Age, which was a time of high growth
but also a time of crime, poverty, and
corruption
The Gilded Age was followed by the
Progressive Era, which was a time when
many of the problems of the Gilded Age
were finally addressed
Progressivism
Social Gospel
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Some progressives were ________________.
_____________________ - a __________________
reform movement that called on _____________ to
provide ____________ and _________________ to
__________________ and ________. This led to
the creation of the _______________________ and
the ________.
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Muckrakers
The group: The
Muckrakers
“To muck” means to
clean poop/filth
The Muckrakers’ goal
was to raise
awareness of
problems so that
people would demand
changes
Famous Muckrakers
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Muckraker: Ida Tarbell
What she wrote: a
series of articles in
McClure’s magazine
What “muck” she
raked: she attacked
Standard Oil Company
and helped bring down
John D. Rockefeller
Famous Muckrakers
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The Muckraker: Upton Sinclair
What he wrote: The Jungle
The “muck” he raked: Reported on the meat-packing industry,
where meat often contained chemicals, rats, and feces
The Jungle
Famous Muckrakers
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The Muckraker: Lincoln
Steffens
What he wrote: The
Shame of the Cities
The “muck” he raked:
wrote about vote stealing
and other corrupt political
machine practices
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Famous Muckrakers
The Muckraker: Jacob Riis
What he wrote: How the
Other Half Lives
The “muck” he raked:
photographed the poor, dirty,
and crowded living conditions
of immigrants in ethnic
neighborhoods
Jacob Riis
Urban Slums
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Remember!
Jane Addams
Why important? Ran
the most famous
settlement house, the
Hull House
Influencing Public Opinion
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The work of the _________________ raised
__________________ of problems and
eventually led to ____________.
•How many people though the Iraq War was a mistake in 2003?
•How many thought it was a mistake in 2009?
•What may be a contributing factor to this change?
•Muckraking?
Democracy
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The Reformer: Robert
La Follette
What he did: governor
of Wisconsin, calling
the state a “laboratory
of democracy”. He
wanted to make
elections more
democratic using
direct primaries
Expanding Democracy on the
Federal Level
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Direct primaries
Allowed citizens to directly
vote for political
candidates (instead of
party machines)
17th Amendment
Allowed citizens to directly
elect senators (instead of
state legislatures)
Expanding Democracy on the State
Level
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Initiative
Citizens propose laws and the legislature MUST vote on it
Referendum
Citizens vote directly on proposed laws
Recall
Citizens can demand a special election to REMOVE an official
Expanding Democracy on the Local
Level
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City Councils
Cities elect a council to work with an
limit the power of the mayor
All of these changes led to a resurgence
of the “common man” idea, which said
that the common man had a say in
government
Suffrage
Of course, the most _______________ way to make society
more _______________ was to expand ______________ to
more people.
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______________ - the right to ________.
After the ____________________ had given
_______________ the right to _______, the next group to
seek _____________ was ___________.
Women’s Rights
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The Issue: Women’s
Suffrage
The Women’s Rights
movement started at
the Seneca Falls
Convention in New
York in 1848
Women’s Suffrage
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The Organization:
National American
Woman Suffrage
Association (NAWSA)
Major Leader: Elizabeth
Cady Stanton
Tactics: lobbied
lawmakers, organized
marches, and delivered
public speeches on
women’s suffrage
Women’s Suffrage
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The Organization: National Women’s Party
Major Leader: Alice Paul
Tactics: more confrontational, picketed the White House,
blocked sidewalks, chained themselves to lampposts, and
went on hunger strikes
Susan B. Anthony
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The New Law: the 19th
Amendment
Who was it named after?
Susan B. Anthony, who
was once arrested for
“voting illegally”
What it did: gave women
suffrage
Susan B. Anthony
19th Amendment
Child Labor
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The most emotional progressive issue was CHILD
LABOR
Working conditions: Children worked in mines and
factories, in unhealthy and dangerous conditions.
The worked for around 10 hours a day for 60 cents a
day
Child Labor
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While working, children could not go to school, so they got no
education (child labor=no education=cycle of poverty)
Progressives were able to get some states to pass minimum
age or maximum hours laws, and the Keating-Owen Act ended
child labor
Conditions for Adults
Adult Labor
Adults had many of the
same bad conditions as child
laborers (unhealthy,
dangerous, long hours, low
pay)
In addition, adults had no
insurance (worker dies,
family has goes broke)
Adults had no workers’
compensation (cut your
hand off at work? Too bad,
you’re fired!)
Progressives got some
states to pass laws requiring
insurance for workers
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
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The event: Triangle
Shirtwaist Factory Fire
The workers: women
Conditions: the owner
locked workers inside
so they could not steal
Also, the elevator and
fire escape were in bad
condition
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
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The Tragedy: a fire
broke out, and the
elevator stopped
working and the fire
escape collapsed
150 female workers
died inside (found at
the doors, trying to
get out)
The Fire
Blame it on the…
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Many progressives
saw
______________
as the root of
society’s problems.
In settlement
houses,
___________ of
alcohol led to
______________
and
_______________.
Prohibition
When the
_______________
movement began, it
concentrated on
_______________ alcohol
consumption, but it
eventually pushed for
__________________.
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___________________ laws _______________ the
__________________,
_________, and
_________________ of
alcohol.