Events Leading to
the Civil War
Between 1800 and 1850, what
region developed an industrial
economy based on
manufacturing?
•The North
Which region favored
high protective tariffs?
•The North
Define protective
tariffs.
• Taxes on imports which are
so high that Americans
cannot afford to buy foreign
goods
What was the basis of the
South’s economy?
• Agriculture (Farming)
• Plantations that used
slave labor
Did the South support
or oppose high tariffs?
•Opposed
Why did the South
oppose high tariffs?
•Made manufactured
goods more
expensive
As the U.S. expanded
westward, what conflict
threatened to tear the
country apart?
•Slavery
Define
abolitionists.
• People who wanted to
abolish (end) slavery
immediately
Who was one of the
most important
abolitionist leaders?
•William Lloyd
Garrison
What was the name of
the antislavery
newspaper in Boston?
•The Liberator
Who published The
Liberator?
•William Lloyd
Garrison
Who wrote Uncle
Tom’s Cabin?
•Harriet Beecher
Stowe
Describe Uncle
Tom’s Cabin.
•An antislavery novel
•Told the cruelties of
slavery
How did Uncle Tom’s Cabin
affect the North?
• Made Northern abolitionists
mad
• Caused many more
Northerners to support the
Abolitionist movement
How did the Abolitionist
movement affect
Southerners?
•Frightened them
What kind of
rebellions did
Southerners fear?
•Slave Rebellions
Who was
Gabriel Prosser?
• African-American slave
• Planned a slave revolt in
Richmond, Va.
• Revolt crushed by Va.
militia
• Prosser and 35 slaves
were executed
Who was Nat
Turner?
• An African-American slave
• Led a slave revolt in
Southampton County, Va.
• Killed 55 whites
• 100+ blacks were killed
• Turner was captured and
executed
What were two effects of
Nat Turner’s Rebellion?
• Increased Southern fears
of Slave Rebellions
• Southern states passed
stricter slave codes
Who proposed the
Missouri
Compromise?
•Henry Clay
What were the 3
parts of the Missouri
Compromise?
• Missouri became a slave state
• Maine became a free state
• Louisiana Territory was
divided at the 36 degree, 30
minute parallel; north of the
line must be free territory;
south of the line could be
slave territory
How many U.S.
senators does each
state have?
•Two
What balance did the
Missouri Compromise
maintain?
• Balance of power in
Senate between the
North and the South
Who proposed the
Compromise of 1850?
•Henry Clay
Who have historians called
the “Great Compromiser”?
•Henry Clay
What were the key points
of the Compromise of
1850?
• California became a free state
• Stronger fugitive slave law
• Abolished the slave trade, but
not slavery itself, in the
District of Columbia
• Created the Utah and New
Mexico territories; decide
slavery by popular
sovereignty
What did the new
Fugitive Slave Act
do?
• Made it easier for slave
catchers to capture and
return runaway slaves
• Required escaped slaves
to be forcibly returned to
their owners in the South
Who hated the
Fugitive Slave Act?
•Northerners
What was popular
sovereignty?
• The people of a territory
would decide whether they
wanted slavery
Who proposed the
Kansas-Nebraska
Act?
•Stephen Douglas,
Democrat (Illinois)
What is a bill?
•A proposed law
What is an act?
•A Law
Identify the KansasNebraska Act.
• Created the territories of Kansas
and Nebraska
• Said popular sovereignty would
decide slavery in both Kansas and
Nebraska
• Since both Kansas and Nebraska
were north of the Missouri
Compromise line, the KansasNebraska Act repealed the Missouri
Compromise
What effect did the KansasNebraska Act have on the
Missouri Compromise?
• The Kansas-Nebraska Act
repealed the Missouri
Compromise.
What broke out in the
Kansas Territory?
• Civil war between proslavery and anti-slavery
settlers
What adjective was used
to describe Kansas in the
mid-1850s?
• Bleeding Kansas
What political party was
formed in opposition to
the Kansas-Nebraska
Act?
• The Republican Party
What were the two
major results of the
Kansas-Nebraska Act?
•Bleeding Kansas
•Republican Party
What was the
Supreme Court’s
decision in the
Dred Scott case?
• Since Dred Scott was a slave, he
could not sue in federal court
• African-Americans were not
citizens of the United States
• Since Congress had no power to
prohibit slavery in the
territories, the Missouri
Compromise was
unconstitutional
What did the Dred Scott
decision say about the
Missouri Compromise?
• The Missouri Compromise
was unconstitutional.
What power did the
Supreme Court use in Dred
Scott v. Sandford?
• The power of judicial
review
In Dred Scott v. Sandford
did the Supreme Court
rule that Scott should
remain a slave or gain his
freedom?
•Remain a slave
Which section liked the
Dred Scott decision, the
North or the South?
•The South
Which group(s) liked the
Dred Scott decision?
• Abolitionists?
• Republicans?
• Slaves?
• Slaveholders?
Slaveholders
Who ran for the U.S.
Senate against Stephen
Douglas in 1858?
•Abraham Lincoln
In the Lincoln-Douglas
debates who supported
popular sovereignty?
•Stephen Douglas
In the Lincoln-Douglas
debates who said, “A house
divided against itself
cannot stand”?
•Abraham Lincoln
In the Lincoln-Douglas
debates who said the U.S.
could not continue
half-free and half-slave?
•Abraham Lincoln
Who won the 1858
Senate election in
Illinois?
•Stephen Douglas
In the 1850s what was
the North increasingly
against?
•The Spread of
Slavery to the West
By the end of the 1850s, what
did Southerners argue states
could do?
• States could nullify laws
passed by Congress
• States could secede from the
Union
What did it mean for a
state to nullify a law?
• Void it
• Do Away with it
What did it mean for a
state to secede?
•Leave the Union
Who gave the “House
Divided” speech in the
1858 Illinois Senate
election campaign?
•Abraham Lincoln