I
protest
100 Years War and Black Death
Scientific Advances which contradicted
the Cathiolic Church
The Corruption within the Catholic
Church - selling indulgences – paying $$
for a pardon of sins or reward for good
behavior
Catholic Church Hierarchy
God
Pope
Cardinals
Archbishops
Bishops
Priests and Monks
Laity – not in the
church
Protestant = someone who protested
the Catholic Church
Reformation = when people demand
changes
The Protestant Reformation began
b/c…
The Church made Protestants say
I MAD
I –
Indulgences: certificates that take away sin
(church is selling forgiveness to make $$)
M –
Merchants: merchants want usury
(lending $ and charging interest – Catholic Church
says usury is wrong)
A –
Absolute power of & wealth of the Church
D –
Domination of Church by Italians (angered
Germans and English)
In the end the reformers, like Luther, established their own
religions
The Reformation caused a split in Christianity with the
formation of these new Protestant religions
Martin Luther
John Calvin
Henry VIII
F–
faith saves people, not good
works
U–
Ultimate authority for Christians
is the Bible
N–
Nobody is more important in
God’s eyes, all humans are equal
before God (no hierarchy)
“The righteous shall by his faith.”
Luther realized that only faith (in
the ultimate goodness of Jesus), not
good deeds, could save a person. No
good works, rituals, etc. would save a
person if they did not believe.
Know as:
Salvation by faith alone
A list of things he thought
were wrong with the Catholic
Church (95 Complaints)
He criticized:
The Power of the Pope
The Extreme Wealth of
the Church
Indulgences
Gutenberg’s Printing Press made it
possible for Luther to spread his
beliefs
Posted his 95 Theses on Church
doors in Germany
Gained support from people and
criticism from Church
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dt5AJr0wls0
•The first thing
printed on
Gutenberg’s
press was the
Bible.
•This is a picture
of a page from
one of
Gutenberg’s
Bibles.
The Diet of Worms
1520 Pope Leo X ordered Luther to
give up his beliefs
Luther burned the order and was
excommunicated
Luther went into hiding where he
translated the New Testament into
German – spreading his beliefs even
further
He was the Pope during the
height of the corruption
Supported by Northern German
Princes who accepted Luther’s ideas
ending the authority of the Pope in their
states
Lutheranism was formed
His ideas hit the Church w/a:
POW
Predestination -God chooses who goes to
heaven, you don’t get there by good works
Our moral lives will reveal if we’re chosen by
God to go to heaven or hell
Work ethic, righteous life that honors God
Calvin believed in:
 Salvation through Predestination
At birth it is decided if you will go
to heaven or hell
Purified approach to life:
No drinking, swearing,
card playing, gambling etc..
Started in Switzerland – they are
known as Calvinists
• DAD of the Church of England
• Divorce: Henry wants one but Pope says no.
Which letter of I MAD probably made Henry mad?
• Anglican Church – Henry is in charge – no
Pope
• Did away with Catholic Church’s land &
wealth in England
Began reign as devout Catholic
He and his wife (Catherine of Aragon) had a
daughter Mary, but no male heir
Convinced that Catherine could no longer have
children, Henry wanted to divorce Catherine
The Pope could annul (set aside) a marriage, but
refused to do so
Called Parliament into session and asked it to
pass laws to end Pope’s power in England and
legalize Henry’s divorce
Wife/Children
Death
Catherine of Aragon –
Mary I
Anne Boleyn –
Elizabeth I
Jane Seymour –
Edward
Anne of Cleves –
none
Catherine Howard –
none
Catherine Parr – none
Divorced
Beheaded
Died
Divorced
Beheaded
Survived
Henry, Henry, Henry
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3EGzHs
ye71c
Daughter of Henry VII and Anne
Boleyn
Combined Catholic styles
w/Protestant teaching to please
both religions
Elizabeth I makes Anglican
Church the official church of all
of Great Britain
Presbyterian
PuritanHuguenots