Genetic Engineering Study Guide
Name: _____________________________
Notes: Karyotyping/ Gen. Disorders, Pedigree webquest, Manipulating DNA, Selective Breeding.
1. What is the purpose of selective breeding? Give an example.
2. What is one disadvantage of inbreeding (why is it discouraged)?
3. What is the purpose of hybridization?
a. Give an example of a hybrid organism.
4. What is genetic engineering?
a. What is a disadvantage or ethical issue with genetically modifying organisms?
5. What is recombinant DNA?
6. What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
7. What is a clone?
a. List the steps it took to clone Mimi the mouse or Dolly the sheep.
8. How many chromosomes does the normal human have? _______
a. What would my sex chromosomes be if I were female? ______
b. If I were male? ________
c. Has anyone ever been born without an X chromosome? ______
d. Where are most sex-linked genes found? _______________
9. What is the purpose of a karyotype?
a. List 3 things a karyotype shows?
b. What does homologous chromosomes mean?
10. Human gametes contain ______ autosomes and ______ sex chromosomes each.
11. In pedigrees, males are drawn as a _________ and females are drawn as a _________.
a. How would you show someone is a carrier?
b. Make sure that you can draw a pedigree if given a scenario.
12. What is nondisjunction?
a. Which chromosomes does nondisjunction affect?
13. Match the following disease or disorders to their definitions.
_____ 1. Huntington
A. Sex-linked disorder where individuals do not
produce the protein they need to clot.
_____ 2. PKU (Phenylketonuria)
_____ 3. Tay Sachs
_____ 4. Sickle Cell Anemia
B. Nondisjunction of chromosome 21. Causes
trisomy (3 copies) to be present.
_____ 5. Down Syndrome
C. XXY – nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes.
_____ 6. Turner’s Syndrome
D. Sex-linked disorder where individuals cannot
distinguish certain colors.
_____ 7. Klinefelter’s Syndrome
E. X0 – female who only receives one X chromosome
_____ 8. Hemophilia
F. Recessive disease that causes infants to not be
able to break down milk proteins.
_____ 9. Color-Blindness
G. Dominant disease that appears after age 30 and
causes loss of muscle control
H. Recessive disease that is fatal in infants; caused
by a buildup of lipids in the brain
I. Codominant blood disorder where the shape is
changed due to a different sequence of amino acids