Force
and
Motion
Force
• Push or pull on an object.
Inertia
• Tendency of a motionless object to stay
motionless, unless acted on by a force.
Backward Push
• Force from
behind that
sets an object
in motion.
Gravity
• Force that pulls an object toward Earth.
Friction
• Objects resistance to move because another
resistance is acting in the opposite motion. (If
an object is moving, the opposite is not
moving; therefore, their forces are acting on
each other causing an object to slow down).
Lubricant
• Material used so objects don’t stick to
another, such as, oil, wax, grease, or Teflon.
Diagram Arrows
• Arrows describing a force’s
action on an object
through a visual display:
– Direction of force.
– Magnitude/strength of
force. The longer the line
the more strength of the
force.
Mass
• Amount of matter in an object. The greater
the mass, the less force affects the objects.
More force is needed to move more mass.
Speed
• How far an object moves in a given period.
Formula:
Velocity
• Measure of speed that accounts for direction
of movement.
Slope
• Distance covered while coming down from a
height.
Graph
• Compares different information in a pictorial
representation, such as using bars, lines, and
points.
Acceleration
• Object’s increased speed of motion.
Work
• In scientific terms: done only when a force
moves an object.
• Force/energy is the ability to do work.
Resistance Force
• A force such as gravity or friction.
Air Resistance
• Gas molecules being pushed upon by a force.
Types of Force
st
1
Newton’s Law of Motion
(Law of Inertia)
• An object with no
unbalanced force
acting on it will either
remain at rest, or
continue moving at
constant speed in a
straight line unless a
force acts on it.
Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion
(Law of acceleration)
• When an unbalanced force is applied to an
object, it will accelerate in the direction the
force moved it. Greater the force, the faster
the object will move.
Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion
• For every action of force, there is an equal and
opposite reaction of force.
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