Study Guide for the Matter and Elements Quiz
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
 Gases, liquids, and solids ARE matter.
 Heat, light, and sound are NOT matter.
Know the name, location, and charge of the particles of an atom.
PARTICLE
Electron
CHARGE
Negative (-)
Proton
Positive (+)
Neutron
Neutral ( 0 )
Proton
Nucleus
Neutron
Electron
 The nucleus is in the center of an atom and is made up of protons and
neutrons.
 Most of the mass of the atom is found in the nucleus.
 The particles in an atom with the smallest mass are the electrons and they
are found circling the nucleus in the electron cloud.
 The number of protons equals the number of electrons in a stable atom.
Elements
 An element is matter made up of one type of atom.
 Some of the most common elements that make up a large portion of our
Earth, living matter, atmosphere and oceans are listed below.
H
C
N
O
Hydrogen
Carbon
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Mg
Al
Si
K
Magnesium
Aluminum
Silicon
Potassium
Fe
Ca
Na
Iron
Calcium
Sodium
Two of the elements commonly found in our bodies and the oceans are hydrogen
and oxygen.
Using the Periodic Table
 Elements are represented by symbols in the periodic table.
 Know the parts of the element ‘square’ from the periodic table.
Element Name
Atomic Number
OR Number of Protons
Calcium
20
Ca
40.078
Element Symbol
Atomic Mass
Remember to always review all of the notes and handouts