1. Setting: Tells us when (time) the story takes place and where the story takes
place.
2. 1st person point of view: Narrator is a character in the story and tells the story
from his/her perspective (uses the pronouns I, we, us, etc).
3. 3rd person limited point of view: Allows the reader to see only one person’s
thoughts and feelings
4. 3rd person omniscient point of view: Allows the reader to know many
different characters’ thoughts and feelings (all knowing).
5. Internal conflict: Psychological struggle within the mind of a character. The
character needs to make their own decision; they have an internal struggle.
Example of internal conflict:
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Man vs. Self
6. External conflict: Struggle between two characters or a character and an
outside force.
Examples of external conflict:
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Man (the generic term for a protagonist) vs. Man
Man vs. Nature (weather, disease, etc)
Man vs. the Supernatural (gods, ghosts, evil beings, etc)
Man vs. Society (larger groups of people)
Man vs. Technology
7. Protagonist: Leading character in a story. The story usually builds around this
character.
8. Antagonist: The character or force that struggles against the protagonist
9. Genre: A category or type of story (book, movie, TV show, etc.)
10. Theme: The idea, concept or message the author wanted you to think about
while you are reading the text.
11. Audience: Who you are directing your writing toward
12. Purpose: Reason for writing it