Elements of a Short Story
Definition of a Short Story
• Tells about a single event or experience
• Fictional (not true)
• Generally between 1000–8000 words, but can be much shorter
• Should be able to be read in one sitting
• It has a beginning, middle, and end
• Creates an impression on the reader
Elements of a Short Story
SETTING
 There are several aspects of a story's setting to consider when examining how setting contributes to a story
(some, or all, may be present in a story):
PLOT
• Simple Definition:
The Sequence of events that happen in the story.
• Each plot point moves the story forward.
• There are
of the plot:
• Exposition —
the beginning of the story where the characters and the setting is revealed.
• Rising Action —
the events in the story become complicated and the conflict in the story is revealed.
• Climax —
the highest point of interest and the turning point of the story.
• Falling action —
The events and complications begin to resolve themselves.
• Denouement —
This is the final outcome or untangling of events in the story (also referred to as
“Resolution”)
CONFLICT
• Simple Definition:
• any form of
that faces the main character.
• there may be only one central struggle, or there may be one dominant struggle
with many minor ones.
• There are two types of conflict:
1)
2)
- A struggle with a force outside one's self.
- A struggle within one's self; a person must make some decision,
overcome pain, quiet their temper, resist an urge, etc.
•There are four kinds of conflict:
• 1) Man vs. Man
• The leading character struggles physically and/or intellectually against
other individuals or (small) groups of individuals.
• 2) Man vs. Circumstances/Nature
• The leading character struggles against fate, the elements, the
environment, or the circumstances of life facing him/her.
• 3) Man vs. Society (social)
• The leading character struggles against ideas, practices, or customs of
other people.
• 4)
• The leading character struggles with himself/herself; with his/her own
soul, ideas of right or wrong, fears, insecurities, etc.
CHARACTER
• Persons in a work of fiction:
• Protagonist
The main character in a story (not necessarily “good”)
• Antagonist
The character or force that represents the most opposition to the
protagonist
• Foil
A character that provides a direct contrast to the protagonist
• There are often minor or secondary
which support the plot of the story.
characters
POINT OF VIEW
• The perspective from which the story is told.
First Person
• The story is told by the protagonist or one of the characters
this person's eyes
Third Person
Third Person Limited
Third Person Omniscient
Third Person Objective
Theme
TONE/MOOD
FORESHADOWING