Moving West– Study Guide I TREELESS WASTELAND VAST AREA TO BE SETTLED Reasons for Westward Expansion: Free land given by the Homestead Act – 160 acres. The Physical Features and Climate of the Great Plains: Flatlands gently rising from east to west. Adventure for ranchers, farmers, cowboys. Transcontinental Railroad made is easier, safer and faster Low rainfall. Gold and silver were among the more popular natural resources sought after by settlers Land erosion by wind and water. Groups of people escaped from discrimination and segregation in search for a fresh start. Frequent dust storms. Barbed Wire Windmills Steel Plow Sod Houses Wheat Farming Dry Farming Reaper Railroads Beef Cattle Ranching