Happy Tuesday!!

Turn in your vocab to the box on my desk

We will take our Test Review Quiz after
announcements
Republican
Revolution
Jefferson’s Presidency
Thomas Jefferson
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Election of 1800- Jefferson (D-R) v. Adams (Fed.)
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Marked the first time that power was transferred from one
party to another- REVOLUTION OF 1800
“we are all Federalists, we are all DemocraticRepublicans”
Jefferson helps the common man
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Repeals the excise tax and the Naturalization Act
Alien and Sedition Acts expire
Marbury v.Madison(1803)
Background
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While Adams was President he appointed John
Marshall, a Federalist, to be Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court
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His decisions consistently strengthened the power of the federal
government at the expense of the power of state governments
Prior to leaving office, Adams pushed through the
Judiciary Act of 1801, which increased the number
of federal judges to 16
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Filled these positions with Federalists
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Called “midnight judges” b/c Adams signed their appointments
late on his last day of office
Marbury v. Madison Case
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William Marbury was one of these judges but
never received his official papers
James Madison was Jefferson’s Secretary of
State and Jefferson orders Madison not to
deliver the papers
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“too late, sorry!”
Marbury petitions Madison to send his papers,
citing the Judiciary Act of 1789
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JA 1789 gives the Supreme Court the power to
force Madison to perform his duties and deliver the
papers
Marbury v. Madison Arguments
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Issue: Does Marbury have the right to the
commission (the job)?
Marbury argues: the commission was signed,
sealed but never delivered therefore had the
right to sue Madison for not following though
Madison argues: He was following Jefferson’s
orders. Because the commission had not
been delivered under Adams, the
appointment had not be completed
Marbury v. Madison Decision

John Marshall decides that the section of the
Judiciary Act of 1789 that gives the court
authority to force Madison to perform his
duties was unconstitutional
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Therefore is voided by the Court
Significance: Decision established JUDICIAL
REVIEW- the ability of the Supreme Court to
declare an act of Congress unconstitutional**
As a D-R, Jefferson believed in:
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Rights of the common man
Farming and agriculture
States rights
Strict interpretation of the constitution
France
Low tariffs
Small military
Louisiana Purchase
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Americans continue their migration west over the
Appalachians
1800, Napoleon Bonaparte of France persuaded
Spain to return the LA Territory
Jefferson feared a strong French presence in the
mid-continent would force the U.S. into an alliance
with Britain
T.J. worried the French would close the port of
New Orleans and block development west
LA Purchase continued
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Jefferson sent James Monroe to Paris to
negotiate the purchase of New Orleans and
LA Territory from France
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T.J. worried that this is unconstitutional
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U.S. bought the territory for $15 million
Eased by the elastic clause
The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of
the United States
Jefferson partially abandons strict
interpretation of the Constitution
Lewis and Clark
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Jefferson appointed Meriwether Lewis to lead an
expedition called the Corp of Discovery from St.
Louis to the Pacific coast
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T.J. ordered them to collect scientific information about
unknown plants and animals and to learn as much as
possible about Native American tribes
William Clark chosen as 2nd in command
Met- Sacajawea- Native American woman who
served as a guide and interpreter
Expedition took 2 years and 4 months
Happy Wednesday!!

Turn in “EXERCISE B” of your Marbury v. Madison
DBQ

NO DAILY QUIZ TODAY, we will do the Test
Review Quiz
Republican
Revolution
War of 1812
Britain v. France
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1803, Britain and France go to war- AGAIN!
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Threatens American shipping
Napoleon tries to exclude British goods from
Europe
Britain blockades (seals off) its ports and prevent
ships from entering or leaving
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Order of Council
Britain also forcing American sailors into the
British Navy (impressments)
Chesapeake Incident (1807)
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Commander of a British warship demanded
the right to board and search the US ship
Chesapeake
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Looking for British deserters
US captain refused, and the British opened
fire
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Killing 3 Americans, wounding 18
Embargo Act (1807)
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Jefferson convinces Congress to declare an
embargo- ban on exporting products to other
countries
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Believed it would hurt Britain and other European
powers and force them to honor American
neutrality
Hurt America more and in 1809 the embargo was
lifted
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Except for Britain and France- still couldn’t trade
with them
Tecumseh’s Confederacy
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1809- General William Henry Harrison
(governor of Indiana Territory) persuaded
Native American tribes to sign away 3 million
acres of land to the US gov’t
Shawnee chief Tecumseh refused- formed a
confederacy- a united Native American
nation
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Began negotiating with Britain for assistance in war
with Americans
War Hawks call for War
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1811- Tecumseh's brother led an attack on
Harrison- Battle of Tippecanoe
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Native Americans were using arms from British Canada
Harrison strikes back and burned the Shawnee capital
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Harrison becomes a national hero
Young Congressmen from the South and West
known as WAR HAWKS called for war against
Britain
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Led by Senator John C. Calhoun of South Carolina and
Henry Clay of Kentucky (Speaker of the House of
Representatives)
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Motto was “On to Canada!”
James Madison as President
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Democratic-Republican- won election of
1808
Both Britain and France promised to stop
violating US rights but impressments still
going on
Congress declared war in 1812
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Madison believed Britain was trying to strangle
American trade and cripple American economy
War of 1812
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Declared war in June 1812
Britain repealed the Orders of Council
(impressments) but it was too late
US was unprepared for war
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British captured Detroit and US failed to take Montreal
British invaded Washington D.C. in 1814
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Burned the Capitol, White House and other public buildings
From there they proceeded to Baltimore and attacked Fort
McHenry
War of 1812 cont.
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During the fighting, Francis Scott Key wrote
the poem “Defense of Fort McHenry”
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Later put to the tune of an old pub song and
became the “Star Spangled Banner”
Battle of New Orleans 1815:
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Led by General Andrew Jackson
Troops defeated the British
Fighting ended after this battle
Treaty of Ghent
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Unknown to Jackson, British and American
diplomats had signed a peace treaty,
before battle of NO
Signed Christmas Eve 1814- declared an
armistice (end fighting)
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Didn’t address the issue of impressments or
neutral shipping rights
Happy Wednesday!!

Turn in your War of 1812 maps if you didn’t
do it last class.

No daily quiz again  we have too much to
do!
Republican
Revolution
Regional Economies
Regional Developments
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The North and South developed different
economic systems
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Led to political differences between regions
North- commercial and industrial
South- slave based agricultural system
An Industrial Revolution
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Changes resulting from machines replacing
hand tools and large-scale factory
production developed
New England invested in industry more
than any other region
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Lowell, Mass.- 1st large scale textile factories
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Employed young, unmarried women
Eli Whitney
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Inventor who dramatically impacted the
development of the US economy
Interchangeable parts-involved the use of gun
parts that were exactly alike
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Significance: factories are the new centers of
industry- MASS PRODUCTION- producing goods in
large quantities
Cotton gin- machine that separated seeds from
raw cotton
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Significance: made growing of cotton more profitableEXPANSION OF SLAVERY
Northern Economy
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Manufacturing in factories
Some agriculture
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Mostly self-sufficient farmers
Major agricultural products: corn, wheat, cattle
No slave labor
Southern Economy
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AGRICULTURE
“Cotton is King”
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Cotton gin made it easier to grow and easy to
process= more profit
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High demand for cotton in Great Britian and New
England textile mills
Plantations expanded into the lower/deep
south
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Slavery expanded as cotton production expanded
How do we keep our country
together?
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As the country develops into 2 significantly
different regions, Madison looks for ways to
unite the regions
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Create a strong stable self-sufficient economy
Stop and Think
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If the country is dividing, what kind of things
can we do the keep it together and
continue to promote “nationalism”?
Henry Clay and the American
System
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Plan to unify the nation (economically)
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Industrial north would produce the manufactured
goods that farmers in the south and west would
buy
Agricultural south would produce most of the grain,
meat and cotton needed in the north
National currency and transportation system would
aid in the exchange of goods
America would be economically independent
of Britain and France
American System continued
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Also included internal improvements
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National Roads-federal highways started in 1811
and eventually connected MD-IL
Erie Canal- 363 miles from Albany, NY on the
Hudson River to Buffalo, NY on Lake Erie
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Significance: connected the Great Lakes region of
the Northwest to the Atlantic Ocean. Also made
NYC most important port city
Protective Tariffs
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Tax on imported goods to PROTECT
American manufacturing
Tariff of 1816- 1st one passed by Congress
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Money collected would be used for internal
improvements
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Support from north but not South
Stop and Think
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Why would the North support protective
tariffs but not the South?
Second Bank of the US
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Issued national currency
Hold all taxes collected by the federal
government
Charted for 20 years in 1816
Happy Tuesday!!!!

Pick up an Agenda on the stand in the front
and start working on the warm-up on the
back
Republican
Revolution
Nationalism
Nationalism (Stop and Think)
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What is Nationalism?
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Why is it important at this time in history?
Nationalism and the Supreme
Court
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John Marshall and the SC continue to
boost the power of the federal government
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Examples can be seen in 3 important court cases
heard by the Supreme Court
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Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)
Gibbons v. Ogden
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Ogden had been granted a monopoly to run a
steamboat service between NY and NJ on
the Hudson River
Gibbons started a competing service and was
sued by Ogden
Marshall ruled that Ogden’s monopoly was
illegal
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interstate commerce could only be regulated by fed
gov’t
Significance: Congress had the power to
regulate ALL interstate commerce
McCulloch v. Maryland
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MD had taxed a branch of the national bank
located in Baltimore
Marshall ruled that the fed gov’t is supreme
over state gov’t
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States cannot tax a federal institution
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“THE POWER TO TAX IS THE POWER TO
DESTROY”
Significance: nat’l bank declared constitutional
(implied powers)
Federal gov’t’s control over economic issues is
strengthened
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
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New Hampshire wanted to alter the charter
of Dartmouth making it a state school
Marshall ruled that the charter was a
contract and the Constitution didn’t allow
states to interfere with contracts
Significance: weakens the power of the
state governments
Nationalism and Foreign Policy
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James Monroe- 5th President (Dem. Rep)
John Quincy Adams- Secretary of State
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“Stop and think”- What does the Secretary of
State do?
Rush-Bagot Treaty (1817)- Signed with
Great Britain
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Demilitarized the Great Lakes region by limiting
the number of ships each country could have
there
Nationalism and Foreign Policy
Continued
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Convention of 1818-Signed with Great
Britian
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Fixed the northern border of the US at the 49th
parallel to the Rocky Mountains in the west
Oregon Territory would be jointly occupied by
U.S. and Great Britain
Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)- Signed with
Spain
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Spain ceded Florida to the United States
Monroe Doctrine
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Spain and Portugal defeated Napoleon (France)
in 1815, and wanted to reclaim territory in Latin
America
Russians had been in Alaska since 1784, and
established trading posts in present day California
With all these countries moving in, US had to do
something
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Many Americans wanted to get northern Mexico and
Cuba from Spain
Russians posed a threat to American trade with China
Monroe Doctrine cont.
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Monroe warned European powers not to
intervene with the affairs of the Western
Hemisphere
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No new colonies in the Americas for European
powers (Latin America is closed off!)
Western Hemisphere nations were different from
European nations in terms of government
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Republics v. monarchies
US will not interfere in internal European affairs
Any attempt by European powers to impose their
control over W. Hem. Independent states is a threat
to peace and safety
Stop and Think!
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if NATIONALism is putting the needs of the
country above the needs of all else, what
do you think SECTIONALism is?
Westward movement results in
Sectionalism
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As Americans move west, more and more
territories begin to apply for admission to
the US
More states = more representatives in
Congress
The growing issue of slavery will begin to
divide the country and their interests both
economically and politically
Missouri Compromise (1820)background
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1819, Missouri applied for admission to the
US as a state
At the time there were 11 free states (North)
and 11 slave states (South)
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Equal representation in the Senate
Missouri’s admission to the Union would
upset the balance
Henry Clay comes up with a compromise to
solve the issue
Missouri Compromise Terms
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Maine admitted to the Union as free
Missouri admitted to Union as slave
Draw a line at the 36 30’ latitude line to
divide the rest of the Louisiana Territory
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North of line (except MO)- slavery illegal
South of line- slavery legal
Significance: balance in the Senate and
temporarily settles the issue of the
expansion of slavery